6533b884fe1ef96bd12e0232

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Hormonālās kontracepcijas lietošanas ietekme uz premenstruālajiem simptomiem studējošo sieviešu populācijā Rīgā, Latvijā

subject

description

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is an underdiagnosed condition in many women, which is related to a high risk of chronic pain and depression. PMS is difficult to diagnose as it remains different in every individual and does not show typical clinical signs.We combined similar symptoms to five kinds of PMS (psychological, equilibrium change, mental, physical, organ-specific) and further combined all kinds of together to obtain a total PMS for each woman. We checked univariate relationships between kind of contraceptives used by females and different kinds of PMS and total PMS. Most of PMS occur in the week before period in comparison with the week after a period, and this difference was significant for all assessed symptoms excluding irritability, mood swings, breast tenderness, and abdominal bloating. We did not find any differences neither in socio-demographic nor in PMS-related parameters between people taking oral or other kinds of contraceptives, except the psychological PMS (p = 0.04).We did not observe significant multivariate association between type of contraception and any of kinds of PMS, including total PMS on 0.05 significance level. However, for psychological PMS this association was significant on 0.1 level (p = 0.07).The CI of β for those that used contraceptives ≥ 1 year was narrower than that of β for those that used contraceptives < 1 year showing the more precise estimation (β = 4.84; 95% CI: = 55.48; 65.16 and β = 5.81; 95% CI: -3.53; 19.61 for the length of use of contraceptives less / more than one year, respectively). However, the model built for those that used the contraceptives < 1 year had approximately 10-times better goodness of fit than the model built for those used contraceptives ≥ 1 year (Adjusted R2 0.40 versus 0.03). As the best predictive model was that of mental PMS, we calculated the power of analysis for this model as well and obtained the power of 71% for the significance level of 0.05. For other models the power of analysis ranged from 43% for the psychological PMS 62.1% till 68.9% for the physical PMS. For total PMS the power of analysis was 62.1%. The number of participants using hormonal contraceptives was not significant enough to mark out an association between the severity of premenstrual symptoms and the hormonal substitution. Nevertheless, we observed that most kind of PMS were associated either with age or with country of origin; that almost for all symptoms PMS occurs more before than after the period; and that psychological PMS differed significantly between those that use oral contraceptive in comparison with those that use other kind of contraceptives. These findings can serve as a basis for physicians to introduce all types of contraceptive options to women according to their anamnesis and clinical symptoms.