Search results for " ACTIVATION"

showing 10 items of 1535 documents

Role of mitochondria in parvovirus pathology.

2014

Proper functioning of the mitochondria is crucial for the survival of the cell. Viruses are able to interfere with mitochondrial functions as they infect the host cell. Parvoviruses are known to induce apoptosis in infected cells, but the role of the mitochondria in parvovirus induced cytopathy is only partially known. Here we demonstrate with confocal and electron microscopy that canine parvovirus (CPV) associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane from the onset of infection. During viral entry a transient depolarization of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increase in ROS level was detected. Subsequently, mitochondrial homeostasis was normalized shortly, as detected by rep…

PathologyvirusesCelllcsh:MedicineMitochondrionSignal transductionERK signaling cascadeMolecular cell biologyInner mitochondrial membraneExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinaseslcsh:SciencepatologiaCellular Stress ResponsesMembrane Potential MitochondrialMultidisciplinarybiologyCell DeathCanine parvovirusapoptosisSignaling cascadesCellular StructuresCell biologyMitochondriaHost-Pathogen Interactionmedicine.anatomical_structureMitochondrial MembranesResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyViral EntryParvovirus CanineMAP Kinase Signaling SystemmitokondriotMicrobiologyCell LineParvoviridae InfectionsDogsViral entryVirologymedicineAnimalsBiologysoluviestintäParvovirusta1183parvoviruslcsh:Rta1182biology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyEnzyme ActivationViral replicationSubcellular OrganellesApoptosisCatsCalciumlcsh:QReactive Oxygen SpeciesViral Transmission and InfectionPLoS ONE
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FRI0696 Patient activation and adherence to biological therapy: preliminary results

2018

Background: Medication non-adherence is associated with treatment failure. Some authors show a positive relationship between patient activation and both, adherence to treatment for chronic conditions and improved outcomes. Objectives: To present preliminary results of a study measuring adherence to biological therapy and its relationship with the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) in the outpatient setting. Methods: Ambispective longitudinal observational descriptive study in a general tertiary university hospital. Patients on treatment with the same biological drug for ≥6 months were included in order of arrival. Patients with some degree of mental disability, which prevented understanding o…

Patient Activation Measuremedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseGolimumabEtanerceptPsoriatic arthritisInternal medicineStatistical significanceUstekinumabmedicineAdalimumabSecukinumabbusinessmedicine.drugFRIDAY, 15 JUNE 2018
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Effects of polyphenols and lipids from Pennisetum glaucum grains on T-cell activation: modulation of Ca2+ and ERK1/ERK2 signaling

2015

International audience; BACKGROUND: Pearl millet (PM), i.e., Pennisetum glaucum, is widely grown in Africa and known for its anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.METHODS: The P. glaucum grains were obtained from the region of Ouled Aïssa (South of Algeria). We assessed the effects of phenolic compounds and lipids, extracted from seeds of P. glaucum, on rat lymphocyte proliferation, activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin. In order to explore signaling pathway, triggered by these compounds, we assessed interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/ERK2) phosphorylation. Finally, we determined increases in free intracell…

PennisetumT-LymphocytesLymphocyte proliferationLymphocyte ActivationAntioxidantsPearl milletchemistry.chemical_compoundExtracellularAnimalsGallic acidExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesCell ProliferationHypolipidemic AgentsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologybiologyPlant ExtractsT-cellsPolyphenolsGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationLipidsRatschemistryBiochemistryComplementary and alternative medicinePolyphenolIonomycinSeedsPhorbolPhosphorylationCalciumEdible GrainPennisetum[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologySignal TransductionResearch Article
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The analysis of modified peroxisome proliferator responsive elements of the peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme in transfected HepG2 cells reveals two re…

1995

AbstractPeroxisome proliferators (PPs) are non-genotoxic carcinogens in rodents. They can induce the expression of numerous genes via the heterodimerization of two members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, called the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor (RXR). Many of the PP responsive genes possess a peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) formed by two TGACCT-related motifs. The bifunctional enzyme (HD) PPRE contains 3 such motifs, creating DR1 and DR2 sequences. PPAR and RXR regulate transcription via the DR1 element while DR2 modulates the expression of the gene via auxiliary factors in HepG2 cells.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaReceptors Retinoic AcidSteroid hormone receptorMolecular Sequence DataResponse elementBiophysicsReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaIn Vitro TechniquesRegulatory Sequences Nucleic AcidRetinoid X receptorBiologyPeroxisomal Bifunctional EnzymeTransfectionMicrobodiesBiochemistryGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicTranscriptional activationPeroxisomal Bifunctional EnzymeMultienzyme ComplexesStructural BiologyPeroxisome proliferator response element9-cis Retinoic acid receptor alphaTumor Cells CulturedGeneticsHumansRNA MessengerIsomerasesEnoyl-CoA HydrataseMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesBase Sequence3-Hydroxyacyl CoA DehydrogenasesPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorCell BiologyDNA-Binding ProteinsRetinoic acid receptorRetinoid X ReceptorsLiverOligodeoxyribonucleotidesBiochemistrychemistryRat peroxisomal enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenaseEnzyme InductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaTranscription FactorsFEBS Letters
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Expression of membrane C1q in human monocyte-derived macrophages is developmentally regulated and enhanced by interferon-γ

2001

The present study investigated when during "in vitro" maturation macrophages (MPhi) express membrane C1q (mC1q), and whether cell activation affects expression and function of mC1q. Although C1q mRNA was repeatedly detected in freshly isolated monocytes using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, C1q protein was observed only in developing MPhi from day 1 to 4 on using immunodetection and flow cytometry. However, the quantity of mC1q and other MPhi membrane proteins differed strikingly in cells from different donors. We report here for the first time that CD14(+) and CD14(-) mC1q-bearing MPhi can develop, and that interferon-gamma increases mC1q display at the cell surface, and m…

PhagocytosisCD14CellLipopolysaccharide ReceptorsBiophysicsMonocyte/macrophageComplementEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologyLymphocyte ActivationBiochemistryFlow cytometryInterferon-gammaPhagocytosisStructural BiologyGeneticsmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyCells CulturedC1qMessenger RNAmedicine.diagnostic_testComplement C1qMacrophagesCell DifferentiationCell BiologyFlow CytometryPrecipitin TestsMolecular biologyIn vitromedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationMembrane proteinDifferentiationCell activationFEBS Letters
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Mast cell-derived mediators promote murine neutrophil effector functions

2013

Mast cells are able to trigger life-saving immune responses in murine models for acute inflammation. In such settings, several lines of evidence indicate that the rapid and protective recruitment of neutrophils initiated by the release of mast cell-derived pro-inflammatory mediators is a key element of innate immunity. Herein, we investigate the impact of mast cells on critical parameters of neutrophil effector function. In the presence of activated murine bone marrow-derived mast cells, neutrophils freshly isolated from bone marrow rapidly lose expression of CD62L and up-regulate CD11b, the latter being partly driven by mast cell-derived TNF and GM-CSF. Mast cells also strongly enhance neu…

PhagocytosisImmunologyApoptosisInflammation610 Medicine & healthmast cellsBiology142-005 142-005Neutrophil ActivationlungMiceImmune systemPhagocytosisneutrophilsmedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyCells CulturedMice Knockout2403 ImmunologyInnate immune systemTumor Necrosis Factor-alpharodentGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorPneumoniaGeneral MedicineFlow CytometryMast cellMice Mutant StrainsCell biologycell activationMice Inbred C57BLInterleukin 33medicine.anatomical_structureinflammationImmunology2723 Immunology and AllergyTumor necrosis factor alphamedicine.symptomCell activation
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Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Alkyl Grignards with Aryl Chlorobenzenesulfonates

2021

Aryl sulfonate esters are versatile synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry as well as attractive architectures due to their bioactive properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of alkyl-substituted benzenesulfonate esters by iron-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling of Grignard reagents with aryl chlorides. The method operates using an environmentally benign and sustainable iron catalytic system, employing benign urea ligands. A broad range of chlorobenzenesulfonates as well as challenging alkyl organometallics containing β-hydrogens are compatible with these conditions, affording alkylated products in high to excellent yields. The study reveals that aryl sulfonate esters are the m…

Pharmaceutical ScienceAlkylationArticleCoupling reactionAnalytical ChemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundironQD241-441Drug Discoverycross-couplingOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryArylOrganic ChemistrySulfonateChemistry (miscellaneous)Fe-catalysisReagentUreaKumada cross-couplingMolecular MedicineC–O activationaryl sulfonatesMolecules
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Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and platelet activation evaluated by soluble P-selectin and soluble CD-40-ligand in patients with acute myoca…

2009

Little is known about the role of neurotrophins (NT) under adult vascular homeostasis in normal and pathological conditions. The NT family, including nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are expressed in atherosclerotic vessels. Previous studies demonstrated that plasma BDNF levels were increased in the coronary circulation in patients with unstable angina. However, the role of BDNF during the onset and evolution of unstable angina remains to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between BDNF, functional parameters and biological markers associated with inflammatory processes and platelet activation. BDNF serum levels were as…

PharmacologyBrain-derived neurotrophic factor0303 health sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyP-selectinUnstable anginabusiness.industry030204 cardiovascular system & hematologymedicine.disease03 medical and health sciencesCoronary circulation0302 clinical medicineNerve growth factorEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurotrophic factorsInternal medicineImmunologymedicinePharmacology (medical)Platelet activationMyocardial infarctionbusiness030304 developmental biologyFundamental & Clinical Pharmacology
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A Vaccine Construction against COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Contrived with Immunoinformatics-Based Scavenging of Potential Mucoralean Epitopes

2022

Mucormycosis is a group of infections, caused by multiple fungal species, which affect many human organs and is lethal in immunocompromised patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the current wave of mucormycosis is a challenge to medical professionals as its effects are multiplied because of the severity of COVID-19 infection. The variant of concern, Omicron, has been linked to fatal mucormycosis infections in the US and Asia. Consequently, current postdiagnostic treatments of mucormycosis have been rendered unsatisfactory. In this hour of need, a preinfection cure is needed that may prevent lethal infections in immunocompromised individuals. This study proposes a potential vaccine constru…

PharmacologyInfectious DiseasesDrug DiscoveryImmunologymucormycosis; immunoinformatics; vaccine design; vaccine efficacy; population coverage; immune activationvaccine designpopulation coveragePharmacology (medical)vaccine efficacyimmunoinformaticsmucormycosisimmune activationVaccines
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The effects of the nitric oxide donors molsidomine and SIN-1 on human polymorphonuclear leucocyte functionin vitro andex vivo

1992

The nitrovasodilator and nitric oxide donor molsidomine and its metabolite SIN-I dilate vascular smooth muscle and inhibit platelet activation by increasing intracellular concentrations of cyclic GMP We have therefore studied the effects of molsidomine and SIN-I on isolated human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN)in vitro andex vivo. In vitro molsidomine dose-dependently reducedβ-glucuronidase release and the generation of superoxide anions from non-activated and from FMLP- or PAF-stimulated human PMNs. SIN-1 was equally effective in reducing (β-glucuronidase release and totally inhibited oxygen radical generation at a concentration of 580 μmol · l−1. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, …

PharmacologyMolsidomineChemistrySuperoxideMetabolitehemic and immune systemsGeneral MedicinePharmacologyNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundBiochemistryIn vivomedicinePharmacology (medical)Platelet activationNitrovasodilatorEx vivomedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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