Search results for " ASSOCIATION"
showing 10 items of 996 documents
Biotic homogenisation in bird communities leads to large-scale changes in species associations
2020
AbstractAimThe impact of global change on biodiversity is commonly assessed in terms of changes in species distributions, community richness and community composition. Whether and how much associations between species, i.e. the degree of correlation in their spatial co-occurrence, are also changing is much less documented and mostly limited to local studies of ecological networks. In this study, we quantify changes in large-scale patterns of species associations in bird communities in relation to changes in species composition.LocationFrance.Time period2001-2017.Major taxa studiedCommon breeding birds.MethodsWe use network approaches to build three community-aggregated indices reflecting co…
Reasoned and implicit processes in heavy episodic drinking : An integrated dual‐process model
2020
Objectives: University students commonly engage in heavy episodic drinking (HED), which contributes to injury risk, deleterious educational outcomes, and economic costs. Identification of the determinants of this risky behaviour may provide formative evidence on which to base effective interventions to curb HED in this population. Drawing from theories of social cognition and dual‐process models, this study tested key hypotheses relating to reasoned and implicit pathways to action for HED in a sample of Australian university students who drink alcohol. Design: A two‐wave correlational design was adopted. Methods: Students (N = 204) completed self‐reported constructs from social cognition th…
Reciprocal relations between past behavior, implicit beliefs, and habits : A cross-lagged panel design
2023
The current study assessed cross-lagged relationships between binge drinking, implicit beliefs, and habit in undergraduate university students ( N = 105). Students completed self-report survey and implicit measures in lab visits 3 months apart. A structural equation model revealed cross-lagged relations between habit and behavior, and some evidence for a reciprocal relationship between implicit beliefs and habit. Implicit beliefs were related to alcohol behavior across time, but no cross-lagged relationship was observed. Findings provide preliminary support for recent advances in habit theory, suggesting that implicit beliefs and habit may develop in tandem or even share common knowledge s…
MOTIVATION – A STIMULATING FACTOR FOR INCREASING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE
2012
Motivation is the basis of behaviours and activities that people deliver inside the association in relation to the peculiarity of the challenges that follow a category or another of functional relations. Thus, in order to assure the performance of the modern associations there is the need to know and understand the elements that motivate or demotivate an employee and even more, to apply them. Individual and constructional performance is in direct relationship with the direct implementation of the management of human resources. Thus, only by knowing the motivational theories and by applying efficient managerial strategies in order to engage the employees in competitive achievement of the org…
Transformacja Polskiego Związku Łowieckiego w świetle ewolucji modelu łowiectwa w Polsce
2020
The Polish Hunting Association is a nationwide organization of Polish hunters and hunting clubs, whose traditions date back to the interwar period. This study presents the genesis and evolution of the Polish Hunting Association, which, in the wake of social and political changes in the country, has been transformed from a voluntary association into a monopolistic and compulsory-membership organization, which is to carry out tasks commissioned by public authorities. Additionally, as a result of further amendments, the Association has been transformed into a governmental agency, organizationally subordinated to the minister of the environment also in the scope of appointing its high-rank staf…
Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 mediates lipid-induced inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
2022
Background & Aims: Obesity-associated inflammation is a key player in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1, CD204) remains incompletely understood. Methods: A total of 170 NAFLD liver biopsies were processed for transcriptomic analysis and correlated with clinicopathological features. Msr1(-/-) and wild-type mice were subjected to a 16-week high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Mice and ex vivo human liver slices were treated with a monoclonal antibody against MSR1. Genetic susceptibility was assessed using genome-wide association study data from 1,483 patients with NAFLD and 430,101 participants of the U…
Brain responses of dysphoric and control participants during a self‐esteem implicit association test
2021
Previous studies have reported lowered implicit self‐esteem at the behavioral level among depressed individuals. However, brain responses related to the lowered implicit self‐esteem have not been investigated in people with depression. Here, event‐related potentials were measured in 28 dysphoric participants (individuals with elevated amounts of depressive symptoms) and 30 control participants during performance of an implicit association task (IAT) suggested to reflect implicit self‐esteem. Despite equivalent behavioral performance, differences in brain responses were observed between the dysphoric and the control groups in late positive component (LPC) within 400–1,000 ms poststimulus lat…
De la culture à la communication au sein de l'organisation : Éléments de méthode pour une approche compréhensive des interactions
2009
8 pages; International audience; L'organisation est un univers signifiant, animé par des rites, des mythes et des valeurs. Pendant les années quatre-vingts, le concept de culture organisationnelle a connu un succès fulgurant, suivi, semble-t-il, d'un déclin tout aussi rapide. À la fin de la décennie, certains déclaraient déjà mort, un concept autour duquel il semblait y avoir très peu de consensus (Frost et al., 1991 : 1). Pour mieux mettre en relation les diverses approches des nombreux travaux dans ce domaine, Joanne Martin et Debra Meyerson (Meyerson et Martin, 1987 ; Martin, 1992) distinguent trois perspectives adoptées, par les uns et les autres, à l'égard de la culture organisationnel…
Asymmetrical interspecific communication in avian mixed species colonies
Sympatric species derive benefits by attending to information conveyed by heterospecifics. We previously reported reduced vigilance among jackdaws (Corvus monedula) and lesser kestrels (Falco numanni) residing in mixed species colonies and conducted the present study to test for interspecific communication of threat associated with European magpies (Pica pica) as nest predators. After quantifying structural differences in jackdaw and lesser kestrel calls relative to European magpie versus non-predator models, we played back calls of jackdaws and lesser kestrels representative of the different model types to test whether receivers perceive threat-related variation in either conspecific or he…
Järjestödemokratia ja ammatillinen johtaminen suomalaisten sosiaali- ja terveysjärjestöjen myytteinä ja seremonioina
2023
Yhdistyslaissa korostuu toiminnan jäsenvaltaisuus. Toimintaympäristön muutos on kuitenkin johtanut ammatillistumiseen, ja palkattujen toimihenkilöiden asema on korostunut. Artikkelissa pohditaan, onko jäsendemokratiasta muodostumassa ammatillistuvissa järjestöissä myytti, jota pidetään yllä seremoniallisesti, kun järjestöjä käytännössä johtavat palkatut ammattilaiset. The article examines the role of social and health associations as civil society organisations (CSOs) in Finnish society. In recent decades the main sources of public funding of social and health associations in Finland have called for a stronger managerial and professional orientation, with a welfare policy guidance focus. CS…