Search results for " Active"

showing 10 items of 533 documents

Ion conductance changes associated with spike adaptation in the rapidly adapting stretch receptor of the crayfish.

1975

The time course of the repetitive impulse discharges has been investigated for two high intensities of maintained depolarizing currents, 30 nA and 50 nA, for which the receptor adaptation was complete within 70 msec. The changes in sodium and potassium conductance associated with the decline in spike activity have been analyzed at different instances of time by interrupting in successive experiments the various action potentials in the pulse trains either at the early phase by holding the potential at about -60 mV and recording the inward current (upstroke-gNa) or by evaluating the delayed outward current flowing as the result of a depolarizing voltage pulse which at the end of the action p…

Cell Membrane PermeabilityTime FactorsPhysiologySodiumClinical BiochemistryNeural Conductionchemistry.chemical_elementAction PotentialsBiological Transport ActiveAstacoideaStimulus (physiology)IonPhysiology (medical)AnimalsMembrane potentialSodiumConductanceDepolarizationCrayfishAdaptation PhysiologicalAxonsElectric StimulationchemistryBiophysicsPotassiumMechanoreceptorsStretch receptorPflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology
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Evidence for a selective and electroneutral K+/H+-exchange in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using plasma membrane vesicles

1996

The existence of a K+/H+ transport system in plasma membrane vesicles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is demonstrated using fluorimetric monitoring of proton fluxes across vesicles (ACMA fluorescence quenching). Plasma membrane vesicles used for this study were obtained by a purification/reconstitution protocol based on differential and discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugations followed by an octylglucoside dilution/gel filtration procedure. This method produces a high percentage of tightly-sealed inside-out plasma membrane vesicles. In these vesicles, the K+/H+ transport system, which is able to catalyse both K+ influx and efflux, is mainly driven by the K+ transmembrane gradient and ca…

Cell Membrane Permeability[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Coated VesiclesCoated vesicleBiological Transport ActiveBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyH(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPaseApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryMembrane PotentialsCell membraneElectron Transport Complex IVH(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPasealpha-MannosidaseMannosidasesGeneticsmedicineCentrifugation Density GradientNa+/K+-ATPaseComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMembrane potentialVesicleCell MembraneDithiazanineElectron Transport Complex IVIsoxazolesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMembranemedicine.anatomical_structureSpectrometry Fluorescence[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyBiochemistryBiophysicsChromatography GelPotassiumProtonsMannoseBiotechnology
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Chromatin Domains and Regulation of Transcription

2007

Compartmentalization and compaction of DNA in the nucleus is the characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells. A fully extended DNA molecule has to be compacted 100,000 times to fit within the nucleus. At the same time it is critical that various DNA regions remain accessible for interaction with regulatory factors and transcription/replication factories. This puzzle is solved at the level of DNA packaging in chromatin that occurs in several steps: rolling of DNA onto nucleosomes, compaction of nucleosome fiber with formation of the so-called 30 nm fiber, and folding of the latter into the giant (50-200 kbp) loops, fixed onto the protein skeleton, the nuclear matrix. The general assumption is…

Cell NucleusGeneticsTranscriptionally active chromatinProtein FoldingTranscription GeneticDNABiologyChromatinChromatin remodelingNucleosomesProtein Structure TertiaryChromatinChIP-sequencingCell biologyHistonesGene Expression RegulationStructural BiologyAnimalsHumansHistone codeNucleosomeScaffold/matrix attachment regionMolecular BiologyChIA-PETJournal of Molecular Biology
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Thymidine analogs are transferred from prelabeled donor to host cells in the central nervous system after transplantation: a word of caution

2006

Thymidine analogs, including bromodeoxyuridine, chlorodeoxyuridine, iododeoxyuridine, and tritiated thymidine, label dividing cells by incorporating into DNA during S phase of cell division and are widely employed to identify cells transplanted into the central nervous system. However, the potential for transfer of thymidine analogs from grafted cells to dividing host cells has not been thoroughly tested. We here demonstrate that graft-derived thymidine analogs can become incorporated into host neural precursors and glia. Large numbers of labeled neurons and glia were found 3-12 weeks after transplantation of thymidine analog-labeled live stem cells, suggesting differentiation of grafted ce…

Central Nervous SystemCell divisionCentral nervous systemBiological Transport ActiveMice TransgenicIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundMicePregnancyRats Inbred SHRmedicineAnimalsCell ProliferationNeuronsCell growthBrainCell BiologyMolecular biologyRatsTransplantationmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryAnimals NewbornBromodeoxyuridineMolecular MedicineNeurogliaFemaleStem cellThymidineNeurogliaBromodeoxyuridineDevelopmental BiologyStem Cell TransplantationThymidine
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Hypothalamic S-Nitrosylation Contributes to the Counter-Regulatory Response Impairment following Recurrent Hypoglycemia

2013

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894333; International audience; AIMS: Hypoglycemia is a severe side effect of intensive insulin therapy. Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) impairs the counter-regulatory response (CRR) which restores euglycemia. During hypoglycemia, ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) production of nitric oxide (NO) and activation of its receptor soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) are critical for the CRR. Hypoglycemia also increases brain reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. NO production in the presence of ROS causes protein S-nitrosylation. S-nitrosylation of sGC impairs its function and induces desensitization to NO. We hypothesized that during hypoglycemia, the interaction b…

Central Nervous SystemMaleespèce active de l'oxygènemedicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinology0302 clinical medicineDesensitization (telecommunications)Insulinhypothalamuslcsh:ScienceNeurons0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryStatisticsNeurochemistryOrvostudományokAnimal Models[ SDV.MHEP.EM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism[SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism3. Good healthEpinephrineHomeostatic MechanismsAlimentation et NutritionMedicineNeurochemicalshypoglycémieResearch Articlediabètemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyRecurrent hypoglycemiamonoxide d'azoteinsulino-thérapie intensiveNeurophysiologyBiostatisticsHypoglycemiaKlinikai orvostudományokNitric OxideGlucagonNitric oxide03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsInternal medicinemedicineFood and NutritionAnimalscontre-régulationBiologyNutrition030304 developmental biologyDiabetic EndocrinologyEndocrine Physiologybusiness.industryInsulinlcsh:Rneurone sensible au glucosenutritional and metabolic diseasesmonoxide d'azote;espèce active de l'oxygène;S-nitrosylation;hypoglycémie;neurone sensible au glucose;hypothalamus;contre-régulation;diabète;insulino-thérapie intensiveDiabetes Mellitus Type 1NeuroendocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2medicine.diseaseHypoglycemiaS-nitrosylationAcetylcysteineRatsGlucoseEndocrinologychemistryMetabolic DisordersRatlcsh:QReactive Oxygen SpeciesbusinessSoluble guanylyl cyclaseMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Assessment of the Potential Energy Hypersurfaces in Thymine within Multiconfigurational Theory: CASSCF vs. CASPT2

2016

The present study provides new insights into the topography of the potential energy hypersurfaces (PEHs) of the thymine nucleobase in order to rationalize its main ultrafast photochemical decay paths by employing two methodologies based on the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and the complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) methods: (i) CASSCF optimized structures and energies corrected with the CASPT2 method at the CASSCF geometries and (ii) CASPT2 optimized geometries and energies. A direct comparison between these strategies is drawn, yielding qualitatively similar results within a static framework. A number of analyses are performed to assess t…

Chemistry Multidisciplinary2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPYPharmaceutical Sciencephotostability0305 Organic Chemistry01 natural sciencesLOWEST TRIPLET-STATEAnalytical ChemistryInterpretation (model theory)Molecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryComplete active spacePerturbation theoryRETINAL CHROMOPHORE MODELComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSAB-INITIOphotochemistry010304 chemical physicsBasis (linear algebra)ChemistryCOUPLED-CLUSTER METHODSPhotochemical ProcessesPotential energy[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryChemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORYPhysical SciencesANO BASIS-SETSCASSCF/CASPT2Molecular MedicineThermodynamicsLife Sciences & BiomedicineBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyField (physics)INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICSMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistryMolecular physicsArticlelcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryCASSCF/CASPT2; photochemistry; DNA; thymine; photostability0103 physical sciencesthyminePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryULTRAFAST INTERNAL-CONVERSIONScience & TechnologyOrganic ChemistryDNAEXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS0104 chemical sciencesThymineModels ChemicalMolecules; Volume 21; Issue 12; Pages: 1666
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A mutliconfigurational study of low-lying electronic states of KO

1992

Abstract Potential energy curves and spectroscopic parameters of several electronic states of the KO molecule have been calculated using multi-configurational methods. The KO B 2Π state, first time theoretically described, presents a strong avoided crossing with the A 2Π state, and allows for the explanation of the observed fluorescence of the KO molecule. Eleven electronic states have been studied at all the internuclear distances. Effects of complete active space and basis set selections on the results are also analyzed.

ChemistryComputational chemistryAvoided crossingGeneral Physics and AstronomyComplete active spacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConfiguration interactionAtomic physicsPotential energyDiatomic moleculeBasis setMolecular electronic transitionDoublet stateChemical Physics
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Host molecules containing electroactive cavities obtained by the molecular assembly of redox-active ligands and metal ions

1995

Self-assembly processes of nickel ions with the redox-active ligand 1,4,8,11-tetra(ferrocenylmethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (Fc4cyclam) induces the formation of a redox-active cavity of potential use in electrocatalysis.

ChemistryLigandMetal ions in aqueous solutionInorganic chemistryMolecular MedicineMoleculeRedox activeNickel ionsElectrocatalystCombinatorial chemistryJ. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.
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Tetrathiafulvalene-based molecular nanowires.

2008

A new molecular wire suitably functionalized with sulfur atoms at terminal positions and endowed with a central redox active TTF unit has been synthesized and inserted within two atomic-sized Au electrodes; electrical transport measurements have been performed in STM and MCBJ set-ups in a liquid environment and reveal conductance values around 10(-2) G0 for a single molecule.

ChemistryMetals and AlloysNanowirechemistry.chemical_elementConductanceNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaSulfurCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular wireCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundElectrodeMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesRedox activeMoleculeMolecular wiresTetrathiafulvaleneChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Localized molecular orbitals for excited states of polyenals, polyendials, and polyenones

2003

The work is focused on the generation of localized molecular orbitals for excited states. A recently developed a priori method based in a CAS-SCF–type algorithm is applied. The method generates directly localized orbitals and can be applied to multireference wavefunctions. A detailed description of the performance of the method as well as the locality of the MOs for the example of the singlet nπ* (CO) excited state is given. It is in general possible to obtain local orbitals for the doubly occupied and virtual valence orbitals. The partial delocalization of the π* (CO) orbital is discussed, as is the effect of the use of different CAS spaces. The systems under study are polyenals, polyendia…

ChemistryMolecular orbital theoryLocalized molecular orbitalsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSlater-type orbitalLinear combination of atomic orbitalsMolecular orbitalValence bond theoryComplete active spacePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsNatural bond orbitalInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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