Search results for " Adhesion"
showing 10 items of 980 documents
Metabolic activity of fresh and cryopreserved cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) hepatocytes
2000
1. The effect of cryopreservation on the metabolic capacity of monkey hepatocytes over 4 h in suspension and 24 h in culture was determined. Hepatocytes were diluted in a buffer containing 10% DMSO and frozen in a computer-controlled chamber. 2. Initial ethoxyresorufin and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD) activities were the same in fresh and cryopreserved (CP) hepatocytes. ECOD activity in suspensions declined over 4 h but was the same in fresh and CP hepatocytes. 3. The formation of testosterone hydroxy (OHT) metabolites (namely 6beta-OHT, 2beta-OHT, 16beta-OHT, 16alpha-OHT, 15beta-OHT, 2alpha-OHT and 6beta-OHT) was unaffected by cryopreservation. The loss of OHT activities over 4 h in …
Induction of anamnestic T cell proliferation by antigen-pulsed, bone marrow-derived macrophages.
1981
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM phi) were grown in a liquid culture system in the presence of L cell-conditioned medium as a source of colony-stimulating factor. After a 4-h pulse with antigen, cultured irradiated BMM phi were capable of presenting the antigen to primed T cells as assessed in a T cell proliferation assay. Proliferation was optimal when BMM phi were used between days 5 and 8 of bone marrow cell culture. T cells of Lyt1 and Lyt123 phenotype had to be present at the start of the culture period to yield an optimal response. Conventional antisera and monoclonal antibodies directed against the H-2 I region and the I-A subregion, respectively, proved inhibitory in this system…
Hydralazine is a powerful inhibitor of peroxynitrite formation as a possible explanation for its beneficial effects on prognosis in patients with con…
2005
The hemodynamic and anti-ischemic effects of nitroglycerin (GTN) are rapidly blunted as a result of the development of nitrate tolerance. Hydralazine has been shown to prevent tolerance in experimental and clinical studies, all of which may be at least in part secondary to antioxidant properties of this compound. The antioxidant effects of hydralazine were tested in cell free systems, cultured smooth muscle cells, isolated mitochondria, and isolated vessels. Inhibitory effects on the formation of superoxide and/or peroxynitrite formation were tested using lucigenin and L-012 enhanced chemiluminescence as well as DHE-fluorescence. The peroxynitrite scavenging properties were also assessed by…
The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide differently modulates proliferation and differentiation of smooth muscle cells in culture depending …
2001
Abstract Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide present around vasculature very early during development, when smooth muscle cells (SMC) are still proliferating and not yet totally differentiated. We investigated the effects of CGRP on proliferation and differentiation of SMC in culture; 10 −7 M CGRP added in the medium of cultured smooth muscle cells every 2 days did not significantly changed cells growth rate in 1% FCS. At the opposite, this treatment modulated proliferation of cells grown in 10% FCS medium. Two distinct populations of SMC with different growth rates were obtained from our primary cultures. SMC which proliferated slowly in the presence of 10% fetal calf …
CXCR2 blockade impairs angiotensin II-induced CC chemokine synthesis and mononuclear leukocyte infiltration.
2007
Objective—Angiotensin II (Ang-II) and mononuclear leukocytes are involved in atherosclerosis. This study reports the inhibition of Ang-II–induced mononuclear cell recruitment by CXCR2 antagonism and the mechanisms involved.Methods and Results—Ang-II (1 nmol/L, i.p. in rats) induced CXC and CC chemokines, followed by neutrophil and mononuclear cell recruitment. Administration of the CXCR2 antagonist, SB-517785-M, inhibited the infiltration of both neutrophils (98%) and mononuclear cells (60%). SB-517785-M had no effect on the increase in CXC chemokine levels but reduced MCP-1, RANTES, and MIP-1α release by 66%, 63%, and 80%, respectively. Intravital microscopy showed that pretreatment with S…
Atorvastatin in stable angina patients lowers CCL2 and ICAM1 expression: Pleiotropic evidence from plasma mRNA analyses
2013
Objective: Statin pleiotropy is still an evolving concept, and the lack of clarity on this subject is due at least in part to the lack of a definitive biomarker for statin pleiotropy. Using plasma mRNA analysis as a novel research tool for the non-invasive in vivo assessment of gene expression in vascular beds, we hypothesised that atorvastatin lowers the plasmamRNA level from statin pleiotropy-target genes, and the reduction is independent of the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Design and methods: Forty-four patients with stable angina received atorvastatin therapy (20 mg/day, 10 weeks). Plasma chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and intercellular adhesion molec…
Polyamines are increased in obese children and are related to markers of oxidative/nitrosative stress and angiogenesis.
2011
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are polycationic amines derived from arginine, which is the precursor of nitric oxide (NO). Due to the close relationship between the metabolism of polyamines and NO metabolism, the alteration in polyamine homeostasis can affect the NO bioavailability at the endothelium.The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that childhood obesity is associated with a significant modification of blood polyamines and to investigate the presence of correlation between these molecules, circulating markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress, and endothelial dysfunction.This was an observational analytical case-control study conducted at one terti…
Direct evidence of leukocyte adhesion in arterioles by angiotensin II
2004
AbstractAlthough leukocytes adhere in arteries in various vascular diseases, to date no endogenous proinflammatory molecule has been identified to initiate leukocyte adhesion in the arterial vasculature. This study was undertaken to assess angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced leukocyte adhesion in arterioles in vivo. Rats received intraperitoneal injections of Ang II; 4 hours later, leukocyte recruitment in mesenteric microcirculation was examined using intravital microscopy. Ang II (1 nM) produced significant arteriolar leukocyte adhesion of mononuclear cells. Using function-blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against different rat cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), we discovered that this effec…
Impaired Vitamin D Signaling in Endothelial Cell Leads to an Enhanced Leukocyte-Endothelium Interplay: Implications for Atherosclerosis Development
2015
Endothelial cell activation leading to leukocyte recruitment and adhesion plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Vitamin D has cardioprotective actions, while its deficiency is a risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular damage. Our aim was to assess the role of basal levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the early leukocyte recruitment and related endothelial cell-adhesion-molecule expression, as essential prerequisites for the onset of atherosclerosis. Knockdown of VDR in endothelial cells (shVDR) led to endothelial cell activation, characterized by upregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6, decreased peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) ro…
Neuronal markers in the rodent pineal gland ? an immunohistochemical investigation
1990
Although some embryological and morphological features speak in favour of a neuronal character of rodent pinealocytes, histochemistry and ultrastructure let this issue appear controversial. Using antibodies to different neurofilaments, the neural adhesion molecule L1, synaptophysin and tubulin as neuronal markers, the pineal glands of rat and guinea-pig were studied by means of immunofluorescence. Neurofilament-immunoreactivity was present in some rat pineal nerve fibers and in the majority of guinea-pig pinealocytes, L1 decorated rat intrapineal nerve fibers, synaptophysin was almost ubiquitously distributed in the pineal of both species, while tubulin-immunofluorescence was seen in nerve …