Search results for " Administration"
showing 10 items of 4299 documents
Serum Levels of Sulpiride Enantiomers after Oral Treatment with Racemic Sulpiride in Psychiatric Patients: a Pilot Study1
2001
Sulpiride (SULP), a substituted benzamide with high selectivity for D 2 -like dopamine receptors, has a chiral structure and is used in most countries as the racemate. In an open pilot study, we investigated 26 inpatients (13 female, 13 male) with schizophrenic or depressive disorder treated with SULP (mean daily dosage 64-1062 mg) administered orally, either as a monotherapy or as an add-on treatment to a stable and unchanged medication for 3-60 days. Serum levels of total SULP and of its enantiomers were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedures. Clinically relevant indicators of hepatic and renal function as well as retrospectively assessed clinical outcome par…
Diagnostic Performance of an Artificial Intelligence System in Breast Ultrasound.
2021
Objectives We study the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) program designed to assist radiologists in the diagnosis of breast cancer, relative to measures obtained from conventional readings by radiologists. Methods A total of 10 radiologists read a curated, anonymized group of 299 breast ultrasound images that contained at least one suspicious lesion and for which a final diagnosis was independently determined. Separately, the AI program was initialized by a lead radiologist and the computed results compared against those of the radiologists. Results The AI program's diagnoses of breast lesions had concordance with the 10 radiologists' readings across a number of BI-RADS descri…
Exploring why global health needs are unmet by research efforts: the potential influences of geography, industry and publication incentives
2020
[Background]: It has been well established that research is not addressing health needs in a balanced way — much more research is conducted on diseases with more burden in high-income countries than on those with more burden in lower-income countries. In this study, we explore whether these imbalances persist and inquire about the possible influence of three factors, namely geography, industry and publication incentives.
Current status of implementation of self-administration training in various regions of Europe, Canada and the USA in the management of hereditary ang…
2013
Results from a 16-question survey about self-administration of hereditary angioedema (HAE) therapy, administered in Europe, Canada and the USA, were used to guide discussion at an international HAE expert meeting. The aim was to capture information about current practice in self-administered HAE therapy in these countries, including self-administration training, the key benefits of switching to self-administration, the barriers to self-administration and trends in self-administration. Overall, switching to self-administration therapy is looked upon favourably from both patient and clinician perspectives by virtue of the potential improvement in quality of life arising from optimisation of t…
Oral local drug delivery and new perspectives in oral drug formulation
2012
Modern pharmaceutical science has provided us with a wide range of substances to be administered with a wide large variety of dosage forms. Local drug delivery systems have been used for a long time; in particular, for the local therapy of diseases affecting the oral cavity. Although these diseases are often extremely responsive to local therapy, the mouth often presents various difficulties in the application of topical compounds (owing to saliva and the mouth's different functions), resulting in a short retention time of dosage forms with a consequent low therapeutic efficacy. To resolve these limitations, research today concentrates on the development of bioadhesive formulations. This re…
Effectiveness of Enteric-Coated Preparations on Nutritional Parameters in Cystic Fibrosis
1988
To evaluate the effectiveness of enteric-coated pancreatic enzyme supplements in comparison to conventional preparations of ingested enzyme on growth and nutritional parameters of patients with cystic fibrosis, we conducted a long-term study involving 40 patients. The data reproduced here were recorded after 6 months of therapy with powder-containing capsules or with enteric-coated products. Fat absorption was estimated by measurement of steatorrhoea with the steatocrit method. All parameters studied improved after enteric-coated pancreatic enzyme therapy, with a statistically significant increase in weight, cholesterol and haemoglobin values. Furthermore, the number of patients with positi…
Oral administration of the growth hormone secretagogue NN703 in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency
2003
Summary objective Little is known of the usefulness of GH secretagogues (GHSs) in GH-deficient (GHD) adults. The objective of this study was to determine the number of responders to treatment with NN703 in GHD adults. design A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. patients Ninety-seven GHD adults were included. measurements The GH response before and after 1 week of oral treatment with NN703 (n = 83) or placebo (n = 14) was determined. The first and last dose of NN703 was 3 mg/kg, whereas the dose of NN703 was 1·5 mg/kg/day during the 6 days between the first and last doses. Furthermore, all 97 patients received 1 µg/kg GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) 3 weeks afte…
Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
1984
Chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis, has undergone with the passing of years great changes because of the discovery of new antibiotics, and also because of a more precise identification of their effectiveness in terms of ability and speed in sputum conversion and to the ability to induce recovery and avoid relapses. Therefore in the anti-tubercular therapy we must consider the following points: Effectiveness of drugs Route of administration Recovery time Clinical and bacteriological relapses Toxicity Cost/benefit ratio
Optimizing the treatment of chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis C virus genotypes 2 and 3: a review
2009
Recently several randomized trials involving exclusively HCV 2 and 3 patients have explored the possibility of reducing the duration of therapy with PEG IFNs and ribavirin to 12–16 weeks. Among these, the largest studies (ACCELERATE, NORTH-C and NORDynamIC) have failed to demonstrate, by intention-to-treat analysis, that short treatment is non-inferior to the standard duration of 24 weeks originated by phase 3 trials. Even though obtaining univocal conclusions from these studies are difficult to obtain due to some critical differences (trial design, genotypes 2/3 ratio, rate of cirrhosis at baseline, ribavirin dose, assays to detect HCV-RNA etc), all have proved that a rapid virological res…
Clinical Trial Results of Peginterferons in Combination with Ribavirin
2003
Of the large number of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), only about one third have progressive liver disease, and will eventually develop cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These are the patients for whom effective antiviral treatment is most needed. Therapy is currently recommended for patients with chronic hepatitis C who have abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, detectable hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) in the blood, and significant necroinflammatory changes and/or fibrosis on liver biopsy. The current gold standard in terms of treatment efficacy is the combination of peginterferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin. The overall sustained viro…