Search results for " Amy"

Survival of Erwinia amylovora in mature apple fruit calyces through the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state

2009

Aims:  Survival of Erwinia amylovora, causal agent of fire blight in pome fruits and other rosaceous plants, was monitored inside mature apples calyces under some storage conditions utilized in fruit. Methods and Results:  Apple fruit calyces inoculated with two E. amylovora strains and their respective GFP-marked strains were maintained at 26° and 5°C, and the effect of copper treatment was assayed at 0·01 and 0·1 mmol l−1 CuSO4. In nontreated apples at 26°C, part of the population of E. amylovora survived in the ‘viable but nonculturable’ (VBNC) state, whereas at 5°C the majority of the population retained culturability. In copper-treated apples, the whole population adopted the VBNC stat…

From the Golgi-Cajal mapping to the transmitter-based characterization of the neuronal networks leading to two modes of brain communication: Wiring a…

2007

After Golgi-Cajal mapped neural circuits, the discovery and mapping of the central monoamine neurons opened up for a new understanding of interneuronal communication by indicating that another form of communication exists. For instance, it was found that dopamine may be released as a prolactin inhibitory factor from the median eminence, indicating an alternative mode of dopamine communication in the brain. Subsequently, the analysis of the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons demonstrated a novel type of lower brainstem neuron that monosynaptically and globally innervated the entire CNS. Furthermore, the ascending raphe serotonin neuron systems were found to globally innervate the forebrai…

Phasor FLIM analysis of Thioflavin T fluorescence in protein amyloid aggregates: Mapping molecular interactions.

Thioflavin T (ThT) is a worldwide used dye to monitor protein aggregation as it stains with a certain specificity amyloid structures. The interactions between ThT and its hosts are largely studied suggesting that fluorescence properties of this dye critically depend both on the environment rigidity, electrostatic and hydrophobic properties as well as on molecular details binding site structure. Here FLIM and phasor approach analysis are used to exploit ThT amyloid interactions and, in turn, to address polymorphism and structural heterogeneity of amyloid species mapping aggregate-to-aggregate structural differences and revealing details of molecular architecture within the same aggregate.

2020

Abstract Trait anxiety refers to the stable tendency to attend to threats and experience fears and worries across many situations. According to the widely noticed, pioneering investigation by Etkin et al. (2004) trait anxiety is strongly associated with reactivity in the right basolateral amygdala to non-conscious threat. Although this observation was based on a sample of only 17 individuals, no replication effort has been reported yet. We reexamined automatic amygdala responsiveness as a function of anxiety in a large sample of 107 participants. Besides self-report instruments, we administered an indirect test to assess implicit anxiety. To assess early, automatic stages of emotion process…

Cultivable microorganisms associated with honeys of different geographical and botanical origin

2014

In this study, the composition of the cultivable microbial populations of 38 nectar honey and honeydew honey samples of different botanical and geographical origin were assessed. After growth in specific media, various colonies with different appearance were isolated and purified before phenotypic (morphological, physiological and biochemical traits) and genotypic [randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), repetitive DNA elements-PCR (rep-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)] differentiation. The identification was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacteria and, in addition to RFLP, by sequencing the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene for yeasts and the 5.8S-IT…

Myocardial contrast echocardiography in biopsy-proven primary cardiac amyloidosis.

2008

Abstract Cardiac vasculature is affected in 88-90% of patients with primary cardiac amyloidosis (CA). Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) relies on the ultrasound detection of microbubble contrast agents that are solely confined to the intravascular space, and are therefore useful in the evaluation of flow in the microvasculature. This is the first case report describing the use of MCE during vasodilator stress to evaluate coronary flow reserve in a patient with biopsy-proven primary CA and angiographically normal coronaries. Qualitative MCE demonstrated delayed replenishment of microbubbles during peak stress; quantitative analysis was consistent with a reduction in total myocardial…

Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis

2010

Objectives Our aim was to evaluate the role and mechanism of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in identifying cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and to investigate associations between LGE and clinical, morphologic, functional, and biochemical features. Background CA can be challenging to diagnose by echocardiography. Recent studies have demonstrated an emerging role for LGE-CMR. Methods LGE-CMR was performed in 120 patients with amyloidosis. Cardiac histology was available in 35 patients. The remaining 85 patients were divided into those with and without echocardiographic evidence of CA. Results Of the 35 patients with histologically verified CA, abnormal LGE was pre…

Antifungal peptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AG1 active against grapevine fungal pathogens

2012

Abstract Antifungal metabolites produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AG1, previously isolated from wood of grapevine with “esca syndrome”, were studied. The crude protein extract (CPE) obtained from culture supernatant fluid by precipitation with ammonium sulfate was assayed against many grapevine fungal pathogens. B. amyloliquefaciens strain AG1 showed a broad spectrum of antifungal activity, inhibiting mycelial growth in vitro of all tested fungal microorganisms. The metabolites contained in CPE were heat stable and remained active over a wide pH range (2–10). Their activity was not affected by proteolytic or glycolytic enzymes. Tricine- SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a…

Medfly Ceratitis capitata as Potential Vector for Fire Blight Pathogen Erwinia amylovora: Survival and Transmission

2015

Monitoring the ability of bacterial plant pathogens to survive in insects is required for elucidating unknown aspects of their epidemiology and for designing appropriate control strategies. Erwinia amylovora is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes fire blight, a devastating disease in apple and pear commercial orchards. Studies on fire blight spread by insects have mainly focused on pollinating agents, such as honeybees. However, the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), one of the most damaging fruit pests worldwide, is also common in pome fruit orchards. The main objective of the study was to investigate whether E. amylovora can survive and be tra…

Central cholinergic functions in human amyloid precursor protein knock-in/presenilin-1 transgenic mice.

2004

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by amyloid peptide formation and deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, central cholinergic dysfunction, and dementia; however, the relationship between these parameters is not well understood. We studied the effect of amyloid peptide formation and deposition on central cholinergic function in knock-in mice carrying the human amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene with the Swedish/London double mutation (APP-SL mice) which were crossbred with transgenic mice overexpressing normal (PS1wt) or mutated (M146L; PS1mut) human presenilin-1. APP-SLxPS1mut mice had increased levels of Abeta peptides at 10 months of age and amyloid plaques at 14 months of age while AP…