Search results for " Anatomic"

showing 10 items of 65 documents

Imaging quality of multifocal intraocular lenses: automated assessment setup

2012

[EN] Purpose: A new technique for the assessment of the optical quality of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) under monochromatic and polychromatic illumination is presented. Methods: The system provides, in a totally automated procedure, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the lens under test for different axial positions of the object. The artificial eye admits different artificial corneas, to optimise the axial resolution in the sampling of the MTF of the MIOL under test, and different pupils, to test the dependence of the optical performance of the MIOL on the eye pupil diameter. Results: The performance and sensitivity of the apparatus is tested with different commercial MIOLs…

Models AnatomicOptics and Photonicsbusiness.product_categorygenetic structuresComputer scienceImaging qualityIntraocular lenseslaw.inventionOpticsSampling (signal processing)Through-focus MTFlawOptical transfer functionHumansComputer visionSensitivity (control systems)Multifocal lensesLightingLenses IntraocularOptical setupbusiness.industryMultifocal intraocular lensMultifocal lenseseye diseasesSensory SystemsLens (optics)OphthalmologyImaging qualityFISICA APLICADAsense organsArtificial intelligenceMonochromatic colorbusinessOptometry
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An anti-zipping preparation system (method and instrument) for curved root canals: A preliminary report

1996

A new instrument and method of preparation of curved canals, with which preparation effects such as "zips" and "elbowing" at the apical third can be easily eliminated, is described. The new system was designed to incorporate requirements previously established during clinical and laboratory experiments.

Models AnatomicOrthodonticsDental Pulp Cavitybusiness.industryComputer sciencefungiRoot (chord)DentistryPreliminary reportHumansDental Pulp CavitybusinessGeneral DentistryRoot Canal PreparationJournal of Endodontics
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A surgical model for isolating the pig liver in vivo for gene therapy.

2013

Several studies report results that suggest the need of vascularization blocking for efficient gene transfer to the liver, especially in nonviral gene therapy. In this study, we describe a surgical strategy for in vivo isolation of the pig liver, resulting in a vascular watertight organ that allows the evaluation of several gene injection conditions. The hepatic artery and portal, suprahepatic and infrahepatic cava veins were dissected. Then, liver vascularization was excluded for 5-7 min. In that time, we first injected 200 ml saline solution containing the p3c-eGFP plasmid (20 µg/ml) simultaneously through two different catheters placed in the portal and cava veins, respectively. Vital co…

Models AnatomicPathologymedicine.medical_specialtySwinemedicine.medical_treatmentGenetic enhancementPremedicationGreen Fluorescent ProteinsGene deliveryAndrologyIn vivomedicineAnimalsAspartate AminotransferasesSalineGenebusiness.industryHemodynamicsRNAAlanine TransaminaseGenetic Therapymedicine.anatomical_structureLiverSurgeryFemalebusinessPerfusionArtery
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Computational analysis of lung deformation after murine pneumonectomy. [corrected].

2012

In many mammalian species, the removal of one lung (pneumonectomy) is associated with the compensatory growth of the remaining lung. To investigate the hypothesis that parenchymal deformation may trigger lung regeneration, we used microCT scanning to create 3-dimensional finite element geometric models of the murine lung pre- and post-pneumonectomy (24 hours). The structural correspondence between models was established using anatomic landmarks and an iterative computational algorithm. When compared with the pre-pneumonectomy lung, the post-pneumonectomy models demonstrated significant translation and rotation of the cardiac lobe into the post-pneumonectomy pleural space. 2-dimensional maps…

Models AnatomicPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyX-ray microtomographymedicine.medical_treatmentFinite Element AnalysisBiomedical EngineeringCompensatory growth (organ)BioengineeringBiologyDeformation (meteorology)ArticlePneumonectomyMiceParenchymamedicineAnimalsRegenerationComputational analysisPneumonectomyLungLungGeneral MedicineAnatomyX-Ray Microtomographyrespiratory systemLoberespiratory tract diseasesComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureComputer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering
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Preventing root caries development under oral biofilm challenge in an artificial mouth

2013

Objectives: To study the preventive effects of chlorhexidine against root caries under oral biofilm in an artificial mouth. Study Design: Sixteen human tooth-root disks were inoculated with a salivary sample that was produced by mixing the unstimulated saliva of three adults who had no untreated caries. The disks were incubated in an artificial mouth fed with a 5% sucrose solution three times daily for one week. Eight disks received a twice daily rinse of 0.12% chlorhexidine (test group). The other eight disks were rinsed in distilled water (control). The biofilm was then studied with three techniques: colony forming unit (CFU) counting, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser…

Models AnatomicSalivaOdontologíaBacterial growthMicrobiologymedicineHumansGeneral DentistryRoot cariesColony-forming unitMouthOral Medicine and PathologyChemistryChlorhexidineChlorhexidineBiofilm:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludDemineralizationOtorhinolaryngologyDistilled waterRoot CariesBiofilmsUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnti-Infective Agents LocalSurgeryResearch-Articlemedicine.drug
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Multicolor 3D Printing of Complex Intracranial Tumors in Neurosurgery.

2020

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies offer the possibility of visualizing patient-specific pathologies in a physical model of correct dimensions. The model can be used for planning and simulating critical steps of a surgical approach. Therefore, it is important that anatomical structures such as blood vessels inside a tumor can be printed to be colored not only on their surface, but throughout their whole volume. During simulation this allows for the removal of certain parts (e.g., with a high-speed drill) and revealing internally located structures of a different color. Thus, diagnostic information from various imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MRI) can be combined in a single compact …

Models AnatomicSurgical approachGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryComputer sciencePetrous ApexBrain NeoplasmsGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral NeuroscienceAnatomical structures3D printingColorImaging dataGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyNeurosurgical ProceduresImaging Three-DimensionalColoredPrinting Three-DimensionalHumansSegmentationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessVolume (compression)Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
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A laboratory comparison of Individual Targis/Vectris posts with standard fiberglass posts

2007

This article presents an in vitro analysis of a specific occlusal loading test on endodontically treated teeth restored with 2 different composite post materials. Individual, customized posts (IFPs) were compared to standard fiberglass posts (SFPs). The selected IFPs (standard cylindric Targis/Vectris posts) were compared to SFPs (Conic 6% Post, Ghimas). The posts were first subjected to a 3-point bending test to compare their flexural elastic properties. They were then used to restore 22 endodontically treated artificial maxillary central incisors and subjected to a specific occlusal loading simulation test. The loading test showed that IFP restorations performed better than SFP restoratio…

Models AnatomicTooth NonvitalComposite ResinsElasticityBite ForceIncisorDental MaterialsGlass Ionomer CementsDentinMaterials TestingHumansGlassStress MechanicalPliabilitySilicate CementPost and Core Technique
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Intraosseous monitoring of drilling in lumbar vertebrae by ultrasound: An experimental feasibility study.

2016

The rationale for this project is to evaluate the efficiency of a novel sonographic method for measurements of interosseous distances. The method utilizes a propagating ultrasonic beam through aqueous milieu which is directed as a jet into a drilled tract. We used a plastic model of human L5 vertebra and ex vivo specimen of L5 porcine vertebra and generated 2 mm in diameter tracts in vertebral pedicles. The tracts were created in the "desired" central direction and in the "wrong" medial and lateral directions. The drilled tracts and the residual, up to opposite cortex, distances were measured sonographically and mechanically and compared statistically. We show that "true" mechanical measure…

Models AnatomicVertebraeSwinelcsh:MedicineReflectionDistance Measurement01 natural sciences0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesBone DensityMedicine and Health SciencesOrthopedic Procedureslcsh:Science010301 acousticsMusculoskeletal SystemMeasurementMultidisciplinaryUltrasonic beamLumbar VertebraePhysicsUltrasoundClassical MechanicsAnatomymedicine.anatomical_structureConnective TissuePhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyRegression AnalysisTomographyAnatomyPlasticsGeologyStatistics (Mathematics)Research Articlemusculoskeletal diseasesMaterials ScienceMaterial PropertiesSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresLumbar vertebraeLinear Regression AnalysisResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesLumbar0103 physical sciencesmedicineAnimalsHumansL5 VertebraStatistical MethodsBoneUltrasonography Interventionalbusiness.industrylcsh:RDrillingBiology and Life SciencesSpineVertebraBiological TissueSignal ProcessingLinear ModelsFeasibility Studieslcsh:QbusinessTomography X-Ray Computed030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsPloS one
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Segment polarity and DV patterning gene expression reveals segmental organization of theDrosophilabrain

2003

The insect brain is traditionally subdivided into the trito-, deuto- and protocerebrum. However, both the neuromeric status and the course of the borders between these regions are unclear. The Drosophila embryonic brain develops from the procephalic neurogenic region of the ectoderm, which gives rise to a bilaterally symmetrical array of about 100 neuronal precursor cells, called neuroblasts. Based on a detailed description of the spatiotemporal development of the entire population of embryonic brain neuroblasts, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of the expression of segment polarity genes (engrailed, wingless, hedgehog, gooseberry distal,mirror) and DV patterning genes (muscle segmen…

Models Anatomicanimal structuresBiologyNeuroblastGenes ReporterEctodermMorphogenesisAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsCompartment (development)Molecular BiologyIn Situ HybridizationBody PatterningNeuroectodermfungiGenes HomeoboxBrainGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalAnatomyNeuromereengrailedDrosophila melanogasterSegment polarity geneembryonic structuresHomeoboxNeuroscienceGanglion mother cellDevelopmental BiologyDevelopment
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Detailed Anatomical and Electrophysiological Models of Human Atria and Torso for the Simulation of Atrial Activation

2015

Atrial arrhythmias, and specifically atrial fibrillation (AF), induce rapid and irregular activation patterns that appear on the torso surface as abnormal P-waves in electrocardiograms and body surface potential maps (BSPM). In recent years both P-waves and the BSPM have been used to identify the mechanisms underlying AF, such as localizing ectopic foci or high-frequency rotors. However, the relationship between the activation of the different areas of the atria and the characteristics of the BSPM and P-wave signals are still far from being completely understood. In this work we developed a multi-scale framework, which combines a highly-detailed 3D atrial model and a torso model to study th…

Models Anatomicmedicine.medical_specialtyBODY-SURFACEVOLUME CONDUCTORCANINE RIGHTlcsh:MedicineTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICAInternal medicineAtrial FibrillationBody surfacemedicineHumansSinus rhythmHeart Atrialcsh:ScienceFibrillationMultidisciplinaryP-WAVEmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrylcsh:RBody Surface Potential MappingP waveTorsoAtrial fibrillationAnatomyTorsoAtrial Functionmedicine.diseaseHUMAN HEARTRATE-DEPENDENCEElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structurecardiovascular systemCardiologylcsh:QFIBRILLATIONmedicine.symptomSINUS RHYTHMbusinessElectrocardiographyCONDUCTION-VELOCITYResearch ArticleACTION-POTENTIALS
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