Search results for " Anisotropy"

showing 10 items of 295 documents

Magnetic field-induced alignment of molecular rotor-shaped cyclophanes

2010

Molecular pinwheels consisting of dipolar substituted cyclophanes in solution can function as free microscopic rotors in the presence of a homogeneous static magnetic field B and a circularly polarized electric field E rotating on a plane containing B. Owing to the high magnetic anisotropy of [26](1,2,3,4,5,6)cyclophane and [36](1,2,3,4,5,6)cyclophane biased by strong ring currents, ∼1 in 105 molecules are expected to align with the C6 symmetry axis perpendicular to a magnetic field of 21 T. The magnetic-field-controlled alignment of rotor-shaped cyclophanes is insignificantly affected by nonpolar solvents, for example, toluene.

ChemistryRotor-shaped cyclophanes; molecular engines; magnetic field-controlled molecular alignment; dipolar rotors in circularly polarized electric field; ab-initio calculations; solvent effectsMagnetostaticsMolecular physicsSymmetry (physics)Magnetic fieldDipolechemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetic anisotropyNuclear magnetic resonanceElectric fieldPerpendicularGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCyclophane
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Ferromagnetic coupling and magnetic anisotropy in oxalato-bridged trinuclear chromium(iii)-cobalt(ii) complexes with aromatic diimine ligands

2010

Two novel heterotrinuclear chromium(III)-cobalt(II) complexes of formula {[Cr(III)(bpy)(ox)(2)](2)Co(II)(Me(2)bpy)}.2H(2)O (1) and {[Cr(III)(phen)(ox)(2)](2)Co(II)(Me(2)bpy)}.1.5H(2)O (2) [ox = oxalato, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, Me(2)bpy = 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline] have been synthesized using the "complex-as-ligand/complex-as-metal" strategy. The X-ray crystal structure of 2 consists of neutral oxalato-bridged Cr(III)(2)Co(II) bent entities formed by the coordination of two anionic [Cr(III)(phen)(ox)(2)](-) complexes through one of their oxalato groups toward a cationic cis-[Co(II)(Me(2)bpy)](2+) complex. The three tris(chelated), six-coordinated metal atom…

ChromiumModels MolecularOxalatesMolecular StructureChemistryStereochemistrySupramolecular chemistryStereoisomerismCobaltCrystal structureCrystallography X-RayLigandsMagnetic susceptibilityInorganic ChemistryMagneticsCrystallographyMagnetic anisotropyIntramolecular forceOrganometallic CompoundsAnisotropyAntiferromagnetismMolecular orbitalIminesDiimineDalton Trans.
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Association between cingulum bundle structure and cognitive performance: an observational study in major depression.

2009

AbstractBackgroundMajor depression can be regarded as a systemic neurobehavioral disorder resulting from dysfunction of the limbic-cortical networks. The cingulum bundle represents a major association fiber tract of those networks. The aim of our study was to determine the association of brain structural tissue markers of the cingulum bundle and cognitive function in patients with major depression.MethodsRegion-of-interest-based analyses of the middle-anterior and middle-posterior cingulum bundle fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) using color-coded diffusion-tensor imaging and neuropsychological assessment in 14 patients with major depression.ResultsFA of the middle-anteri…

Cingulate cortexMalemedicine.medical_specialtyObservationNeuropsychological Testsbehavioral disciplines and activitiesGyrus CinguliFunctional Laterality03 medical and health sciencesAssociation fiber0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMemoryFractional anisotropymedicineHumansAttention030212 general & internal medicineEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceNeuropsychological assessmentDepression (differential diagnoses)Depressive Disorder Majormedicine.diagnostic_testCognitionMiddle Aged030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Tensor ImagingAnisotropyFemalePsychologyNeuroscienceDiffusion MRIEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
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Tract-specific white matter structural disruption in patients with bipolar disorder

2011

Benedetti F, Absinta M, Rocca MA, Radaelli D, Poletti S, Bernasconi A, Dallaspezia S, Pagani E, Falini A, Copetti M, Colombo C, Comi G, Smeraldi E, Filippi M. Tract-specific white matter structural disruption in patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2011: 13: 414–424. © 2011 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives:  A growing body of evidence suggests that, independent of localized brain lesions, mood disorders can be associated with dysfunction of brain networks involved in the modulation of emotional and cognitive behavior. We used diffusion tensor (DT) tractography to quantify the presence and extent of structural injury to the connections betwe…

Cingulate cortexmedicine.diseaseBrain mapping030227 psychiatry3. Good healthWhite matter03 medical and health sciencesPsychiatry and Mental health0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structurePosterior cingulateFractional anisotropymedicineMajor depressive disorderBipolar disorderPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiological PsychiatryTractographyBipolar Disorders
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Investigations of Chl a aggregates cross-linked by dioxane in 3-methylpentane

1997

In this work, dioxane-bound aggregates of chlorophyll a are prepared in 3-methylpentane. The properties of the aggregates are studied by using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies. The Q -region absorption spectrum of the y chlorophyll a-dioxane aggregate shows four clearly resolvable narrow bands with comparable intensities. The band maxima are located at 683, 689, 698 and 702 nm. The emission spectrum consists of two emission bands centred at 699 and 702 nm suggesting the presence of two types of aggregates. High degree of fluorescence polarization is detected yielding the angles between the absorption transition moments with respect to the 702 nm emission transition moment. The …

Circular dichroismSingle-photon countingAbsorption spectroscopyChlorophyll aTransition dipole momentBiophysicsAnalytical chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMolecular physicsDioxane aggregate03 medical and health sciencesFluorescence polarizationEmission spectrumAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesChemistryCell Biology0104 chemical sciencesψ-type circular dichroismWavelengthExcitation delocalizationExcitationFluorescence anisotropyBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
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Quantificação das estruturas de fluxo sin-magmáticas do Plutão de Vila Pouca de Aguiar: uma ferramenta para a quantificação estrutural e da qualidade…

2014

Mineral distribution pattern of Variscan post-tectonic granites from Vila Pouca de Aguiar Pluton (NE Portugal) were analyzed with methods partially based on fractal geometry and, with respect to rock inhomogeneity and anisotropy. The result of the analysis provides information about magmatic flux and mineral equilibrium processes in a crystallizing magma chamber. In addition, the used methods may also provide important information for the ornamental rock industry, because they allow fast and automatic evaluation of economic rock parameters.

Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do AmbienteMORFAFROSTRock qualityMap-countingQualidade da rochaPadrões de heterogeneidade e de anisotropia:Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Ciências Naturais]Patterns of inhomogeneity and anisotropy
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Multicenter stability of diffusion tensor imaging measures: a European clinical and physical phantom study.

2011

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) detects white matter damage in neuro-psychiatric disorders, but data on reliability of DTI measures across more than two scanners are still missing. In this study we assessed multicenter reproducibility of DTI acquisitions based on a physical phantom as well as brain scans across 16 scanners. In addition, we performed DTI scans in a group of 26 patients with clinically probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 12 healthy elderly controls at one single center. We determined the variability of fractional anisotropy (FA) measures using manually placed regions of interest as well as automated tract based spatial statistics and deformation based analysis. The coefficie…

Coefficient of variationNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Nerve Fibers MyelinatedBrain mappingImaging phantommethods [Diffusion Tensor Imaging]White matterYoung AdultNeuroimagingBiasAlzheimer Diseasepathology [Brain]Fractional anisotropymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingddc:610AgedAged 80 and overReproducibilityBrain Mappingpathology [Nerve Fibers Myelinated]business.industryPhantoms Imagingdiagnosis [Alzheimer Disease]BrainMiddle AgedEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Tensor Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureAnisotropyFemaleNuclear medicinebusinessPsychologyDiffusion MRI
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Insight into Disrupted Spatial Patterns of Human Connectome in Alzheimer’s Disease via Subgraph Mining

2012

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia, which prominently affects the human connectome. In this paper, the authors focus on the question how they can identify disrupted spatial patterns of the human connectome in AD based on a data mining framework. Using diffusion tractography, the human connectomes for each individual subject were constructed based on two diffusion derived attributes: fiber density and fractional anisotropy, to represent the structural brain connectivity patterns. After frequent subgraph mining, the abnormal score was finally defined to identify disrupted subgraph patterns in patients. Experiments demonstrated that our data-driven approa…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryHuman ConnectomeDiseaseGrey mattermedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureFractional anisotropySpatial ecologymedicineDementiaDiffusion TractographyArtificial intelligenceA fibersbusinessNeuroscienceInternational Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics
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Discovering Aberrant Patterns of Human Connectome in Alzheimer's Disease via Subgraph Mining

2012

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia, which prominently affects the human connectome. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) provides a promising way to explore the organization of white matter fiber tracts in the human brain in a non-invasive way. However, the immense amount of data from millions of voxels of a raw diffusion map prevent an easy way to utilizable knowledge. In this paper, we focus on the question how we can identify disrupted spatial patterns of the human connectome in AD based on a data mining framework. Using diffusion tractography, the human connectomes for each individual subject were constructed based on two diffusion derived attributes: …

Computer sciencebusiness.industryPattern recognitionGraph theoryHuman ConnectomeHuman brainGrey mattercomputer.software_genremedicine.diseaseWhite mattermedicine.anatomical_structureVoxelHuman ConnectomesFractional anisotropymedicineDementiaDiffusion TractographyArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerDiffusion MRI2012 IEEE 12th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops
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Strain-induced Shape Anisotropy in Antiferromagnetic Structures

2022

We demonstrate how shape dependent strain can be used to control antiferromagnetic order in NiO Pt thin films. For rectangular elements patterned along the easy and hard magnetocrystalline anisotropy axes of our film, we observe different domain structures and we identify magnetoelastic interactions that are distinct for different domain configurations. We reproduce the experimental observations by modeling the magnetoelastic interactions, considering spontaneous strain induced by the domain configuration, as well as elastic strain due to the substrate and the shape of the patterns. This allows us to demonstrate and explain how the variation of the aspect ratio of rectangular elements can b…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Materials Science530 PhysicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons530 PhysikMagnetic anisotropy
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