Search results for " Applications"
showing 10 items of 4541 documents
Conceptual basis of cognitive mimetics for information engineering
2021
Abstract Intelligent information processing is topical in modern technology design and development. The fundamental idea was developed by Turing as he made the first conceptual models of information-processing computers. Though it has practically never been noticed, Turing’s work was a model of how to mimic human intelligent information processes and generate technologies, which can carry out intelligent tasks. The design method can be called cognitive mimetics as it imitates human information processes to design technologies and their applications. One can use cognitive mimetics even in solving techno-ethical problems. This is why we think that cognitive mimetics are vital as a method to g…
A framework to identify primitives that represent usability within Model-Driven Development methods
2014
Context: Nowadays, there are sound methods and tools which implement the Model-Driven Development approach (MDD) satisfactorily. However, MDD approaches focus on representing and generating code that represents functionality, behaviour and persistence, putting the interaction, and more specifically the usability, in a second place. If we aim to include usability features in a system developed with a MDD tool, we need to extend manually the generated code. Objective: This paper tackles how to include functional usability features (usability recommendations strongly related to system functionality) in MDD through conceptual primitives. Method: The approach consists of studying usability guide…
Magnetometry with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
2016
This chapter covers magnetic sensing with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect centers in diamond. The NV center fundamentals are introduced and NV optically detected magnetic resonance techniques for dc and ac magnetic sensing are summarized. After reviewing some successful sensing applications, the advantages for using NV magnetometry, as well as some ongoing challenges, are enumerated.
Swarming Models for Facilitating Collaborative Decisions
2010
The paper highlights the computational power of swarming models (i.e., stigmergic mechanisms) to build collaborative support systems for complex cognitive tasks such as facilitation of group decision processes (GDP) in e-meetings. Unlike traditional approaches that minimize the cognitive complexity by incorporating the facilitation knowledge into the system, stigmergic coordination mechanisms minimize the complexity by providing the system with emergent functionalities that are shaped by the environment itself through the possibility to structure it in terms of high-level cognitive artefacts. This is illustrated by conducting a socio-simulation experiment for an envisioned collaborative sof…
Factors in the global assimilation of collaborative information technologies: an exploratory investigation in five regions
2008
The diffusion of innovation theory is deployed to investigate the global assimilation of collaborative information technologies (CITs). Based on the concepts of IT acquisition and utilization, an assimilation framework is presented to highlight four states (limited, focused, lagging, and pervasive) that capture the assimilation of conferencing and groupware CITs. Data collected from 538 organizations in the United States, Australia, Hong Kong, Norway, and Switzerland are aggregated and analyzed to explore assimilation patterns and the influence of decision-making pattern, functional integration, promotion of collaboration, organization size, and IT function size on the assimilation of CITs.…
Individual Variability and Average Reliability in Parallel Networks of Heterogeneous Biological and Artificial Nanostructures
2013
We simulate the collective electrical response of heterogeneous ensembles of biological and artificial nanostructures whose individual threshold potentials show a significant variability. This problem is of current interest because nanotechnology is bound to produce nanostructures with a significant experimental variability in their individual physical properties. This diversity is also present in biological systems that are however able to process information efficiently. The nanostructures considered are the ion channels of biological membranes, nanowire field-effect transistors, and metallic nanoparticle-based single electron transistors. These systems are simulated with canonical models…
New Insights of Oral Colonic Drug Delivery Systems for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy
2020
[EN] Colonic Drug Delivery Systems (CDDS) are especially advantageous for local treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Site-targeted drug release allows to obtain a high drug concentration in injured tissues and less systemic adverse effects, as consequence of less/null drug absorption in small intestine. This review focused on the reported contributions in the last four years to improve the effectiveness of treatments of inflammatory bowel diseases. The work concludes that there has been an increase in the development of CDDS in which pH, specific enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), or a combination of all of these triggers the release. These delivery systems demonstrated a th…
Improving color correction across camera and illumination changes by contextual sample selection
2012
International audience; In many tasks of machine vision applications, it is important that recorded colors remain constant, in the real world scene, even under changes of the illuminants and the cameras. Contrary to the human vision system, a machine vision system exhibits inadequate adaptability to the variation of lighting conditions. Automatic white bal- ance control available in commercial cameras is not sufficient to pro- vide reproducible color classification. We address this problem of color constancy on a large image database acquired with varying digi- tal cameras and lighting conditions. A device-independent color repre- sentation may be obtained by applying a chromatic adaptation…
Colour segmentation based on a light reflection model to locate citrus fruits for robotic harvesting
1993
Abstract Colour segmentation with a vision system is a good procedure to identify and locate fruits in robotic harvesting. Natural illumination conditions present in these environments produce a very variable illumination of the scene, in addition, fruits are usually partially occluded, and complete visual information about them is not available. The colour segmentation used for these purposes must take into account the appearance of highlights and shadows that natural illumination conditions produce. A method based on the Dichromatic Reflection Model for the light reflected from the surface object is reported here. Through the assumption of this model the light rays reflected from points o…
Weak associativity and restricted rotation
2009
A restricted rotation induced by a weak associative law is introduced. The corresponding equivalence relation is identical to the Glivenko congruence on Tamari lattices, i.e. lattices of binary trees endowed by the well-known rotation operation.