Search results for " BOX"
showing 10 items of 161 documents
Transcriptional activation of the small GTPase gene rhoB by genotoxic stress is regulated via a CCAAT element
2001
The gene encoding the Ras-related GTPase RhoB-specific is immediate-early inducible by genotoxic treatments. Regulation of transcriptional activation of rhoB is still unclear. Here we show that cells lacking either p53 or c-Fos are not different from wild-type cells with respect to the level of rhoB induction upon UV irradiation, indicating that these transcription factors are not crucial for stimulation of rhoB mRNA expression. Extracts from UV-irradiated and non-irradiated cells revealed similar DNA-binding activities to a 0.17 kb rhoB promoter fragment harboring the functional element(s) necessary for stimulation of rhoB by UV light. By means of immunoprecipitation we found that an ATF-2…
Regulation of the sea urchin early H2A histone gene expression depends on the modulator element and on sequences located near the 3' end
1999
Abstract Transcription of the sea urchin early histone genes occurs transiently during early cleavage, reaching the maximum at the morula stage and declining to an undetectable level at the gastrula stage. To identify the regulatory elements responsible for the timing and the levels of transcription of the H2A gene, we used promoter binding studies in nuclear extracts and microinjection of a CAT transgene driven by the early H2A promoter. We found that morula and gastrula nuclear proteins produced indistinguishable DNase I footprint patterns on the H2A promoter. Two sites of interactions, centred on the modulator/enhancer and on the CCAAT box respectively, were detected. Deletion of the mod…
Differential Regulation of CCL22 Gene Expression in Murine Dendritic Cells and B Cells
2005
Abstract The activated T cell-attracting CC chemokine CCL22 is expressed by stimulated B cells and mature dendritic cells (DC). We have cloned and sequenced the complete mouse gene, including 4 kb of the 5′-flanking promoter region, and detected two distinct sites for initiation of transcription by 5′-RACE. Reporter gene assays indicate that the promoter reflects the specificity of the endogenous gene. Within the proximal promoter region, we identified potential binding sites for NF-κB, Ikaros, and a putative GC box. All three regions bind proteins. The NF-κB site was shown to specifically bind NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 from nuclear extracts of LPS-stimulated B cells, B cell line A20/2J, T…
The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1) product regulates Dax-1 gene expression during gonadal differentiation.
1999
Gonadal differentiation is dependent upon a molecular cascade responsible for ovarian or testicular development from the bipotential gonadal ridge. Genetic analysis has implicated a number of gene products essential for this process, which include Sry, WT1, SF-1, and DAX-1. We have sought to better define the role of WT1 in this process by identifying downstream targets of WT1 during normal gonadal development. We have noticed that in the developing murine gonadal ridge, wt1 expression precedes expression of Dax-1, a nuclear receptor gene. We document here that the spatial distribution profiles of both proteins in the developing gonad overlap. We also demonstrate that WT1 can activate the D…
Different mechanisms generating sequence variability are revealed in distinct regions of the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein gene from maize and rel…
1992
The sequences of the genes coding for a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein from two varieties of maize (Zea mays, Ac1503 and W22), a teosinte (Zea diploperennis) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) have been obtained and compared. Distinct patterns of variability have been observed along their sequences. The 500 bp region immediately upstream of the TATA box is highly conserved in the Zea species and contains stretches of sequences also found in the sorghum gene. Further upstream, significant rearrangements are observed, even between the two maize varieties. These observations allow definition of a 5' region, which is common to the four genes and is probably essential for their expression. The 3' e…
SAVU: A Statistical Approach for Uncertain Data in Dynamics of Axially Moving Materials
2012
In physics and engineering problems, model input is never exact. The effect of small uncertainties on the solution is thus an important question. In this study, a direct statistical-visual approach to approximate the solution set is investigated in the context of axially moving materials. The multidimensional probability distribution for the input uncertainties is assumed known. It is considered as a deterministic object, which is then mapped through the model. The resulting probability density of the model output is visualized. The proposed system consists of three non-trivial parts, which are briefly discussed: a multidimensional sampler, a density estimator, and a high dynamic range (HDR…
The Cth2 ARE-binding protein recruits the Dhh1 helicase to promote the decay of succinate dehydrogenase SDH4 mRNA in response to iron deficiency
2008
Iron is an essential nutrient that participates as a redox co-factor in a broad range of cellular processes. In response to iron deficiency, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces the expression of the Cth1 and Cth2 mRNA-binding proteins to promote a genome-wide remodeling of cellular metabolism that contributes to the optimal utilization of iron. Cth1 and Cth2 proteins bind to specific AU-rich elements within the 3'-untranslated region of many mRNAs encoding proteins involved in iron-dependent pathways, thereby promoting their degradation. Here, we show that the DEAD box Dhh1 helicase plays a crucial role in the mechanism of Cth2-mediated mRNA turnover. Yeast two-hybrid experim…
DEVELOPING AND MEASURING ATTENTION IN BOXERS: MIXED COACHES’ EXPERTISE AND REACTION TIME MEASURES
2020
This study explored the problem of attention and its development in young boxers. A rapidly changing situation and a high level of traumatization in boxing are demanding the development of athletes’ attention. Focusing on technical or motivational training is among the reasons for underestimating the development of attentional skills. Study 1 involved seven expert coaches (males, mean age 45.4, mean working experience 20.3 years). The results revealed a relatively high assessment of the psychological component of training and a low agreement on the development of attentional skills. Coaches indicated that testing is the best measurement of attention. Study 2 focused on the measurement of re…
Chromatin structure of the 5′ flanking region of the yeastLEU2 gene
1989
The chromatin structure of theLEU2 gene and its flanks has been studied by means of nuclease digestion, both with micrococcal nuclease and DNase I. The gene is organized in an array of positioned nucleosomes. Within the promoter region, the nucleosome positioning places the regulatory sequences, putative TATA box and upstream activator sequence outside the nucleosomal cores. The tRNA3 Leu gene possesses a characteristic structure and is protected against nucleases. Most of the 5′ flank is sensitive to DNase I digestion, although no clear hypersensitive sites were found. The chromatin structure is independent of either the transcriptional state of the gene or the chromosomal or episomal loca…
Preliminary observation on use of nest boxes in protected areas of Southern Sicily
2011
In this short note we summarize the data self-made nesting in nest boxes in two areas of NATURA 2000 in southern Sicily. The models of nest boxes considered host species during the study the following period: Falco naumanni, Falco tinnunculus, Athene noctua, Strix aluco, Sturnus unicolor, Parus major, Certhia brachydactyla, Corvus monedula, Passer montanus.