Search results for " Basic"
showing 10 items of 10515 documents
Prevalence of Single and Multiple Natural NS3, NS5A and NS5B Resistance-Associated Substitutions in Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 1-4 in Italy
2018
AbstractNatural resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) are reported with highly variable prevalence across different HCV genotypes (GTs). Frequency of natural RASs in a large Italian real-life cohort of patients infected with the 4 main HCV-GTs was investigated. NS3, NS5A and NS5B sequences were analysed in 1445 HCV-infected DAA-naïve patients. Sanger-sequencing was performed by home-made protocols on 464 GT1a, 585 GT1b, 92 GT2c, 199 GT3a, 16 GT4a and 99 GT4d samples. Overall, 20.7% (301/1455) of patients showed natural RASs, and the prevalence of multiclass-resistance was 7.3% (29/372 patients analysed). NS3-RASs were particularly common in GT1a and GT1b (45.2-10.8%, respectively), mai…
Telomeres as a molecular marker of male infertility
2018
In recent years, male infertility has become a growing social problem. Standard diagnostic procedures, based on assessing seminological parameters, are often insufficient to explain the causes of male infertility. Because of this, new markers with better clinical application are being sought. One of the promising markers seems to be an assessment of telomere length of sperm. Sperm telomeres, in contrast to somatic cells, are elongated as men age. The results of some studies suggest that telomere length may be relevant in the case of fertilization and normal embryo development. Literature reports indicate that there is a correlation between telomere length of sperm and abnormal sperm paramet…
Spatial segregation of home ranges between neighbouring colonies in a diurnal raptor
2018
AbstractEnhancement of information transfer has been proposed as a key driver of the evolution of coloniality. Transfer of information on location of food resources implies that individuals from the same colony share foraging areas and that each colony can be associated to a specific foraging area. In colonial breeding vertebrates, colony-specific foraging areas are often spatially segregated, mitigating intercolony intraspecific competition. By means of simultaneous GPS tracking of lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) from neighbouring colonies, we showed a clear segregation of space use between individuals from different colonies. Foraging birds from different neighbouring colonies had home r…
Species complexes and phylogenetic lineages of Hoferellus (Myxozoa, Cnidaria) including revision of the genus: A problematic case for taxonomy
2015
Background Myxozoans are metazoan parasites whose traditional spore morphology-based taxonomy conflicts DNA based phylogenies. Freshwater species of the genus Hoferellus are parasites of the excretory system, with several members infecting food and ornamental fish species, as well as amphibians. This study aims to increase our understanding of their molecular diversity and development, aspects about which little is known, and to generate a molecular diagnostic tool to discriminate between different pathogenic and non-pathogenic Hoferellus spp. Methods SSU and ITS rDNA phylogeny, along with morphological descriptions using light and electron microscopy were used to identify and characterize …
New In-Depth Analytical Approach of the Porcine Seminal Plasma Proteome Reveals Potential Fertility Biomarkers
2018
A complete characterization of the proteome of seminal plasma (SP) is an essential step to understand how SP influences sperm function and fertility after artificial insemination (AI). The purpose of this study was to identify which among characterized proteins in boar SP were differently expressed among AI boars with significantly different fertility outcomes. A total of 872 SP proteins, 390 of them belonging specifically to Sus Scrofa taxonomy, were identified (Experiment 1) by using a novel proteomic approach that combined size exclusion chromatography and solid-phase extraction as prefractionation steps prior to Nano LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The SP proteomes of 26 boars showing significan…
SETD7 mediates spinal microgliosis and neuropathic pain in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury
2019
Abstract Gene transcription regulation is critical for the development of spinal microgliosis and neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury. Using a model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, this study characterized the role of SET domain containing lysine methyltransferase 7 (SETD7) which monomethylates histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1), a marker for active gene transcription. SETD7 protein expression in the spinal dorsal horn ipsilateral to nerve lesion was increased from one day to 14 days after CCI, concomitantly with the expression of inflammatory genes, Ccl2, Il-6 and Il-1β. The CCI-induced SETD7 expression was predominantly localized to microglia, as demonstra…
Levels of predominant intestinal microorganisms in 1 month-old full-term babies and weight gain during the first year of life
2021
The early life gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in neonatal weight gain and later infant growth. Therefore, this early microbiota may constitute a target for the promotion of healthy neonatal growth and development with potential consequences for later life. Unfortunately, we are still far from understanding the association between neonatal microbiota and weight gain and growth. In this context, we evaluated the relationship between early microbiota and weight in a cohort of full-term infants. The absolute levels of specific fecal microorganisms were determined in 88 vaginally delivered and 36 C-section-delivered full-term newborns at 1 month of age and their growth up to 12 …
Sample size planning of two-arm superiority and noninferiority survival studies with discrete follow-up
2016
In clinical trials using lifetime as primary outcome variable, it is more the rule than the exception that even for patients who are failing in the course of the study, survival time does not become known exactly since follow-up takes place according to a restricted schedule with fixed, possibly long intervals between successive visits. In practice, the discreteness of the data obtained under such circumstances is plainly ignored both in data analysis and in sample size planning of survival time studies. As a framework for analyzing the impact of making no difference between continuous and discrete recording of failure times, we use a scenario in which the partially observed times are assig…
The beaker phenomenon and the Genomic transformations of Northwest Europe
2018
Bell Beaker pottery spread across western and central Europe beginning around 2750 BCE before disappearing between 2200–1800 BCE. The mechanism of its expansion is a topic of long-standing debate, with support for both cultural diffusion and human migration. We present new genome-wide ancient DNA data from 170 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans, including 100 Beaker-associated individuals. In contrast to the Corded Ware Complex, which has previously been identified as arriving in central Europe following migration from the east, we observe limited genetic affinity between Iberian and central European Beaker Complex-associated individuals, and thus exclude migration as a signific…
Calorie Restriction in Adulthood Reduces Hepatic Disorders Induced by Transient Postnatal Overfeeding in Mice
2019
International audience; Impaired early nutrition influences the risk of developing metabolic disorders in later life. We observed that transient postnatal overfeeding (OF) in mice induces long-term hepatic alterations, characterized by microsteatosis, fibrosis associated with oxidative stress (OS), and stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). In this study, we investigated whether such changes can be reversed by moderate calorie restriction (CR). C57BL/6 male mice pups were maintained during lactation in litters adjusted to nine pups in the normal feeding (NF) group and three pups in the transient postnatal OF group. At six months of age, adult mice from the NF and OF groups were randoml…