Search results for " Biochimica"

showing 10 items of 642 documents

Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica Crosses the Blood–Brain Barrier and Modulates Neuronal Bioelectric Activity in Rat Hippocampus at Dietary-Con…

2015

Indicaxanthin is a bioactive and bioavailable betalain pigment from the Opuntia ficus-indica fruits. In this in vivo study, kinetic measurements showed that indicaxanthin is revealed in the rat brain within 1 h from oral administration of 2 μmol/ kg, an amount compatible with a dietary consumption of cactus pear fruits in humans. A peak (20 ± 2.4 ng of indicaxanthin per whole brain) was measured after 2.5 h; thereafter the molecule disappeared with first order kinetics within 4 h. The potential of indicaxanthin to affect neural activities was in vivo investigated by a microiontophoretic approach. Indicaxanthin, administered in a range between 0.085 ng and 0.34 ng per neuron, dose-dependentl…

MalePyridinesHippocampusPharmacologyBiologyHippocampal formationBlood–brain barrierInhibitory postsynaptic potentialHippocampuschemistry.chemical_compoundSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicamedicineAnimalsRats WistarNeuronsGlutamate receptorOpuntiaGeneral Chemistryindicaxanthin phytochemicals BBB electrophysiology hippocampus microiontophoresis molecular modelingBetaxanthinsElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureReceptors GlutamateBiochemistrychemistryBlood-Brain BarrierNMDA receptorNeuronGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesIndicaxanthinJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Nucleoside phosphotransferase in animal tissues. Tissue distribution and kinetic properties

1985

Amphibian, avian and mammal tissues contain a nucleoside phosphotransferase clearly different from those previously described in vegetables and bacteria. Whatever the animal source, the enzyme showed many similar characteristics as far as substrate specificity, dependence upon Mg2+, instability at 37 degrees C, and the protecting effect of nucleotides were concerned. Moreover, when submitted to gel filtration, the enzyme behaved in all cases as a dissociable high molecular weight protein, whose degree of association was controlled by nucleotides. In amphibian and avian tissues multiple forms of the enzyme seem to be present which differ for the substrate concentration at half-maximal veloci…

MaleRanidaeClinical BiochemistryKineticsSize-exclusion chromatographyChick EmbryoBiologySubstrate SpecificityCricetinaeSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaNucleoside phosphotransferaseIntestine SmallTestisAnimalsNucleotideMagnesiumHorsesMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationEffectorPhosphotransferasesTemperatureBrainCell BiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationRatsKineticsEnzymeNucleoside phosphotransferaseTissue distributionchemistryBiochemistryChromatography GelCattleRabbitsChickensPhosphotransferasesBacteriaSpleen
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Fetuin-A serum levels are not correlated to kidney function in long-lived subjects

2012

Objectives: Serum Fetuin A has been identified as an inhibitor of ectopic calcification. It is reduced in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it has been proposed as a potential link between CKD and the higher prevalence of arterial calcification observed in these patients. During ageing both the stiffening of arterial wall due to calcification and a decline in kidney function are frequent. The aim of the study is to investigate if Fetuin A serum levels are associated with ageing and with AHSG T256S polymorphism. Moreover, we aim at investigate whether serum Fetuin A is correlated to kidney function in this setting of senescence. Design and Methods: 256 health long-lived subjects…

MaleSenescenceAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyFetuin Aalpha-2-HS-GlycoproteinClinical BiochemistryGene ExpressionRenal functionKidneyKidney Function TestsPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism Single NucleotideEctopic calcificationElderlyInternal medicinemedicineHumansCystatin Ckidney functionAged 80 and overbiologybusiness.industryCalcinosisGeneral MedicineSerum Fetuin AKidney diseasemedicine.diseaseFetuinArterial calcificationSettore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica E Biologia Molecolare ClinicaAHSG T256S polymorphismEndocrinologyFetuin A Cystatin C Elderly Kidney disease AHSGCystatin CAHSGbiology.proteinKidney Failure ChronicFemalebusinessPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthCalcificationKidney disease
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Food quality and nutraceutical value of nine cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits grown in Mediterranean subtropical environment

2019

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) quality is strongly influenced by genotype but individuating the most appropriate harvesting time is essential to obtain high quality fruits. In this trial we studied the influences of the ripening stage at harvest (mature-ripe or green-ripe) on quality of ready to eat mango fruits from nine cultivars (Carrie, Keitt, Glenn, Manzanillo, Maya, Rosa, Osteen, Tommy Atkins and Kensington Pride) grown in the Mediterranean subtropical climate through physicochemical, nutraceutical, and sensory analysis. Our results show a large variability among the different observed genotypes and in dependence of the ripening stage at harvest. With the exception of Rosa, mature-ripe f…

MaleSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiChemical PhenomenaAntioxidant activity; Apigenin (PubChem CID: 5280443); Benzoic acid (PubChem CID: 243); Caffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689043); Ferulic acid (PubChem CID: 445858); Gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370); Mangiferin; Mangiferin (PubChem CID: 5281647); P-coumaric acid (PubChem CID: 637542); Phytochemicals; Sensory profile; Syringic acid (PubChem CID: 10742); Vanillin (PubChem CID: 1183); Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Chemical Phenomena; Color; Dietary Supplements; Female; Food Analysis; Fruit; Humans; Male; Mangifera; Mediterranean Region; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Principal Component Analysis; Sicily; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Taste; Food QualityPhytochemicalsHumid subtropical climateCaffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689043)Ascorbic Acid01 natural sciencesAntioxidantsAnalytical ChemistryTandem Mass SpectrometrySettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaMangiferaCultivarSicilyGallic acid (PubChem CID: 370)Principal Component AnalysisMediterranean RegionSensory profileMangiferin (PubChem CID: 5281647)RipeningP-coumaric acid (PubChem CID: 637542)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine040401 food scienceSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticultureTasteFemaleAdultApigenin (PubChem CID: 5280443)Settore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaColorSubtropicsPhytochemicalBiologyVanillin (PubChem CID: 1183)0404 agricultural biotechnologyNutraceuticalAntioxidant activityBenzoic acid (PubChem CID: 243)PhenolsFood QualityHumansSyringic acid (PubChem CID: 10742)MangiferaPlant Extracts010401 analytical chemistryAscorbic acidCarotenoids0104 chemical sciencesFruitDietary SupplementsMangiferinFood qualityFerulic acid (PubChem CID: 445858)Food AnalysisFood ScienceFood Chemistry
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Longitudinal analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG antibodies before and after the third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine.

2022

AbstractImmunosurveillance by evaluating anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) antibodies represents a useful tool to estimate the long immunity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of antibody response in vaccine recipients. We measured anti-S-RBD IgG levels by indirect chemiluminescence immunoassay on Maglumi 800 (SNIBE, California) in 1013 healthy individuals naïve to SARS-CoV2 infection after two and three COVID-19 vaccine doses. We found that anti-S-RBD IgG levels are higher in females than males. Antibody levels gradually decrease to a steady state after four months since the pea…

MaleVaccinesSettore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica E Biologia Molecolare ClinicaMultidisciplinaryCOVID-19 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2Immunoglobulin GCOVID-19HumansRNA ViralFemaleAntibodies ViralBNT162 VaccineScientific reports
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Alzheimer's disease: amino acid levels and brain metabolic status.

2013

Abstract To study brain free amino acids and their relation with dementia we measured, by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the concentration of eight free amino acids, amines and related compounds. We used temporal cortex (TC) samples obtained from 13 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and an equal number of agematched controls (AC). The patterns of free amino acids, amines and related compounds showed significant quantitative changes in AD conditions with respect to healthy ones. In Alzheimer patients, lower levels of GABA were found in the TC (-57 %). Amino acids glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (Asp) concentrations, also appeared significantly reduced in the TC of AD patients …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyDermatologyBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundBrain: Temporal cortexAlzheimer DiseaseSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInternal medicinemedicineHumansNeurotransmitterAmino AcidsChromatography High Pressure Liquidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidAgedTemporal cortexchemistry.chemical_classificationMethionineGlutamate receptorBrainGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCystathionine beta synthaseAmino acidAmino acidGlutaminePsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologychemistryBiochemistryTemporal cortex; Amino acids; Neurotransmitters; [Keywords Alzheimer’s disease; Brain]biology.proteinFemaleKeywords Alzheimer’s diseaseNeurology (clinical)Alzheimer's diseaseTransmethylationNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Fetuin-A is Associated to Serum Calcium and AHSG T256S Genotype but Not to Coronary Artery Calcification

2015

Vascular calcification has been recently associated to an increased cardiovascular risk and mortality. In few studies, Fetuin-A showed an association to coronary artery calcification (CAC), although the physiopathological mechanism underlying this association has not been fully established yet. Seventy-four patients with one or more cardiovascular risk factor and asymptomatic for coronary vasculopathy were included in the study. CAC was evaluated by Agatston score. Serum Fetuin-A levels were determined by ELISA. Molecular analysis of AHSG T256S gene variant (rs4918) was performed by PCR-RFLP. Serum Fetuin-A was correlated to serum calcium (r = 0,321; P = 0,018), but not to serum phosphorous…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypealpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein030232 urology & nephrologychemistry.chemical_elementCoronary artery calcification030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologyCalciumGastroenterologyAsymptomaticPolymorphism Single NucleotideCoronary artery diseaseBiochemistryCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGeneticInternal medicineGenotypeGeneticsmedicineHumansRisk factorAmplified Fragment Length Polymorphism AnalysisVascular CalcificationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAgedGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedSerum calciummedicine.diseaseFetuinCoronary VesselsFetuin-AEndocrinologySettore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica E Biologia Molecolare ClinicachemistryAHSGCalciumFemalemedicine.symptomSettore MED/46 - Scienze Tecniche Di Medicina Di LaboratorioAgatston scoreSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapiaalpha-2-HS-glycoprotein
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Inhibitory effects of indicaxanthin on mouse ileal contractility: analysis of the mechanism of action.

2011

Recently, we have showed that indicaxanthin, the yellow betalain pigment abundant in the fruit of Opuntia ficus indica, has remarkable spasmolytic effects on the intestinal contractility in vitro. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action underlying the observed response. We used organ bath technique to record the mechanical activity of the mouse ileum longitudinal muscle and ELISA to measure the levels of cAMP. Indicaxanthin induced inhibitory effects on spontaneous mechanical activity, which were unaffected by indomethacin, a non-selective inhibitor of cycloxygenase; 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide-…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIBMXPyridinesIndicaxanthinBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesContractilitySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaAdenylyl cyclaseContractilitychemistry.chemical_compoundMiceSmooth muscleCactus pear fruitIleumSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInternal medicinemedicineCyclic AMPAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsPharmacologyForskolinPhosphodiesteraseMuscle SmoothBetaxanthinsBiomechanical PhenomenaMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryPhosphodiesterasesCarbacholZaprinastSoluble guanylyl cyclaseIndicaxanthinMuscle ContractionSignal TransductionEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Blood levels of homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in the acute phase of atherothrombotic stroke.

2009

Blood levels of total homocysteine (tHcy), cysteine (Cys), total and reduced glutathione (tGSH and rGSH), folic acid (FA), and vitamin B(12) (B(12) change during ischemic stroke as accompaniment of the tissue damage. The relationship between these changes remains scantly investigated. We evaluated the variation of these molecules in the 48 h after acute large artery atherothrombotic stroke (LAAS) and searched for the presence of matched variation of them. The study involved 50 subjects affected by acute LAAS and 49 healthy controls. Plasma levels of tHcy and Cys were significantly higher and serum levels of FA and B(12) and plasma levels of rGSH were significantly lower in the patients than…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLarge artery atherothrombotic strokeHomocysteineAtherothrombotic strokeHyperhomocysteinemiaDermatologyBrain Ischemiachemistry.chemical_compoundFolic AcidRisk FactorsSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInternal medicinemedicineHumansVitamin B12CysteineVitamin B(12)HomocysteineAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryLarge arteryGeneral MedicineGlutathionePlasma levelsVitaminsMiddle AgedGlutathioneReduced glutathioneStrokePsychiatry and Mental healthVitamin B 12EndocrinologychemistryFolic acidBiochemistryAcute DiseaseSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)Intracranial ThrombosisbusinessCysteineNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Identification of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mRNA-expressing cells in normal and injured rat brain

2009

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid, is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expr…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCentral nervous systemHippocampusCell CountSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareBiologySettore BIO/09 - Fisiologiachemistry.chemical_compoundSeizuresInternal medicineSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCaSRmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarIbotenic AcidMolecular BiologyIn Situ HybridizationNeuronsKainic AcidGeneral NeuroscienceDentate gyrusBrainColocalizationImmunohistochemistryRatsOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemchemistryBrain InjuriesNeurogliaNeurology (clinical)Pyramidal cellCaSR; BrainCalcium sensing receptor (CaSR) isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expression in neurons and oligodendrocytes whereas it was not found expressed both in the microglia and in astrocytes. One week after kainate-induced seizure CaSR was found in the injured CA3 region of the hippocampus and very interestingly it was found up-regulated in the neurons of CA1-CA2 and dentate gyrus. Similarly 1 week following ibotenic acid injection in the hippocampus CaSR mRNA expression was increased in oligodendrocytes both in the lesioned area and in the contralateral CA1-CA3 pyramidal cell layers and dentate gyrus. One week after needle-induced mechanical lesion an increase of labeled cells expressing CaSR mRNA was observed along the needle track. In conclusion the present results contribute to extend available data on cell type-expressing CaSR in normal and injured brain and could spur to understand the role of CaSR in repairing processes of brain injury.Receptors Calcium-SensingIbotenic acidDevelopmental BiologyAstrocyte
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