Search results for " Biochimica"
showing 10 items of 642 documents
Extracellular membrane vesicles can mediate intercellular transfer of molecules
2012
Many eukaryotic cell types, including neural cells, release into the extracellular environment vesicles of different sizes and composition. Neurons and astrocytes shed extracellular vesicles which contain FGF2 and VEGF and could be involved in interaction with endothelial cells, to form the blood-brain barrier. Also brain tumor cells, such as glioblastomas, release vesicles in the extracellular space. Microvesicles (MVs) shed from G26/24 oligodendro¬glioma cells were previously reported to contain FAS-L and to cause a reproducible, dose-dependent, inhibitory effect on neurite outgrowth, and neuronal apoptosis, when added to primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. More recently, they were …
In vitro models of blood-brain barrier set by co-culturing primary pericytes, astrocytes and brain capillary endothelial cells
2010
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) under the effects of the brain microenvironment. BCECs are sealed together by tight junctions (TJs) [2]. We previously found that occludin, one of the main TJ components, is correctly localized at the cell periphery only if BCECs are co-cultured with neurons/astrocytes [1-2]. Moreover, pericytes induce PLA2 protein expression through activation of PKCalpha and the MAPK/ERK cascade in immortalized GP8.3 endothelial cells [3]. In the present work, we analyzed the effects of pericytes and/or astrocytes on survival and differentiation of primary endothelial cells, in the presence of a serum-free medium. To test…
Analysis of DRD2 Gene Polymorphism in the Context of Personality Traits in a Group of Athletes
2021
The presented study showed the relationship between dopamine receptor gene polymorphism and personality traits in athletes training in martial arts. Behavioral modulation resulting from a balance of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine to inactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of various pathways involved in attention and impulse control processes; Methods: The study was conducted among martial arts athletes. The study group included 258 volunteers and 284 controls. The genetic test was performed using the real-time PCR method; psychological tests were performed using standardized TCI questionnaires. All analyses were performed using STATISTICA 13.…
COINVOLGIMENTO DELLO STRESS DEL RETICOLO E DEL PROCESSO AUTOFAGICO NELL’APOPTOSI INDOTTA DAL CANNABINOIDE SINTETICO WIN IN CELLULE DI EPATOMA UMANO I…
2009
Studi da noi condotti precedentemente hanno dimostrato la capacità del cannabinoide sintetico WIN di indurre apoptosi in cellule di epatocarcinoma umano HepG2 attraverso un meccanismo, dipendente dal fattore trascrizionale PPARg, che prevede riduzione dei livelli di alcuni fattori di sopravvivenza e attivazione di fattori pro-apoptotici della famiglia Bcl-2 (M. Giuliano et al. Biochimie. 2009). Recentemente è, inoltre, emerso che in cellule di glioma i cannabinoidi possono stimolare l’apoptosi attraverso induzione di stress del reticolo endoplasmatico seguito da autofagia. Scopo L'obiettivo del presente studio è stato quello di valutare il coinvolgimento dell’autofagia nel percorso di morte…
5-Azacytidine Inhibits the Activation of Senescence Program and Promotes Cytotoxic Autophagy during Trdmt1-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response in Insu…
2022
5-Azacytidine (5-azaC), a methyltransferase inhibitor and anticancer drug, can promote several cellular stress responses such as apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. The action of 5-azaC is complex and can be modulated by dose, time of treatment, and co-administration with oxidants. Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with limited chemotherapeutic options. In the present study, two cellular models of insulinoma were considered, namely NIT-1 and β-TC-6 mouse cells, to evaluate the effects of 5-azaC post-treatment during hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. 5-azaC attenuated the development of oxidant-induced senescent phenotype in both cell lines. No pro-apoptotic ac…
The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) Targets Oncogenic BRAF in Melanoma Cells and Promotes a Switch from Pro-Survival Autophagy to …
2022
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) are epigenetic compounds that have been widely considered very promising antitumor agents. Here, we focus on the effects of the pan-HDAC inhibitor ITF2357 (Givinostat) in comparison with SAHA (Vorinostat) in melanoma cells bearing BRAF V600E oncogenic mutation. Our results indicate both ITF2357 and SAHA dose-dependently reduce the viability of BRAF-mutated SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. The comparison of IC50 values revealed that ITF2357 was much more effective than SAHA. Interestingly, both inhibitors markedly decreased oncogenic BRAF protein expression levels, ITF2357 being the most effective compound. Moreover, the BRAF decrease induced by ITF23…
Ethanol promotes survival and tumor progression of colon cancer cells
2018
In the Western Countries, colon cancer is the third tumor for aggressiveness and incidence after lung and breast/prostate cancer. Different risk factors concur to the development of colon cancer, including genetic factors, inflammation, intestinal microflora composition, as well as lifestyle. Epidemiologic studies correlating alcohol consumption and assert that the risks are 5-fold higher among drinkers compared to nondrinkers. However, the exact mechanisms correlating heavy alcohol drinking and colon cancer are not completely elucidated yet. To shed light on the biochemical mechanisms through which alcohol favors colon cancer progression, we evaluated the effect of high doses of ethanol (1…
The increase in maternal expression of axin1 and axin2 contribute to the zebrafish mutant ichabod ventralized phenotype.
2014
β-Catenin is a central effector of the Wnt pathway and one of the players in Ca(+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion. While many wnts are present and expressed in vertebrates, only one β-catenin exists in the majority of the organisms. One intriguing exception is zebrafish that carries two genes for β-catenin. The maternal recessive mutation ichabod presents very low levels of β-catenin2 that in turn affects dorsal axis formation, suggesting that β-catenin1 is incapable to compensate for β-catenin2 loss and raising the question of whether these two β-catenins may have differential roles during early axis specification. Here we identify a specific antibody that can discriminate selectively for β-…
Changes in the Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Prunus persica Fruits after the Application of a Commercial Biostimulant Based on …
2022
Plant biostimulants are formulations that are experiencing great success from the perspective of sustainable agriculture. In this work, we evaluated the effect derived from the application of a biostimulant based on algae and yeast extracts (Expando®) on the agronomic yield and nutraceutical profile of two different cultivars (“Sugar Time” and “West Rose”) of Prunus persica (peach). Although, at the agronomic level, significant effects on production yields were not recorded, the biostimulant was able to reduce the ripening time, increase the fruit size, and make the number of harvestable fruits homogeneous. From a nutraceutical point of view, our determinations v…
Biological activities of the extracts from macroalgae Carpodesmia crinita, Carpodesmia brachycarpa, Asparagopsis taxiformis
2023
Marine species represent a rich source of biologically active products that can be used in various fields. Among them, marine algae produce numerous secondary metabolites responsible for different biological activities such as: immunomodulatory [1], antioxidant [2], and antimicrobial [3]. The aim of this study was chemically characterizing the extracts of three macroalgae species: Carpodesmia crinite (Duby) Orellana & Sansón, 2019, Carpodesmia brachycarpa (J. Agardh) Orellana & Sansón 2019, Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan 1845 and evaluate their biological activities. The characterization of the secondary metabolites was performed by HPLC-MS and the results obtained showed…