Search results for " Brain."

showing 10 items of 976 documents

Embodied responses to musical experience detected by human bio-feedback brain features in a geminoid augmented architecture

2018

Abstract This paper presents the conceptual framework for a study of musical experience and the associated architecture centred on Human-Humanoid Interaction (HHI). On the grounds of the theoretical and experimental literature on the biological foundation of music, the grammar of music perception and the perception and feeling of emotions in music hearing, we argue that music cognition is specific and that it is realized by a cognitive capacity for music that consists of conceptual and affective constituents. We discuss the relationship between such constituents that enables understanding, that is extracting meaning from music at the different levels of the organization of sounds that are f…

InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.HCI)Cognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectEmotionsExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyContext (language use)Geminoid050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligencePerception0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAndroid robotmedia_commonCognitive scienceHuman Humanoid Interaction (HHI) Brain Computer Interface (BCI) Geminoid; Android robot Social robot; Cognitive architecture EmotionsCognitive architecture EmotionsMusic psychology05 social sciencesCognitionAndroid robot Social robotHuman Humanoid Interaction (HHI) Brain Computer Interface (BCI) GeminoidCognitive architectureEmbodied cognitionHuman Humanoid Interaction (HHI)Social robotPsychologyBrain Computer Interface (BCI)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive loadGestureMeaning (linguistics)
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B-type natriuretic peptide trend predicts clinical significance of worsening renal function in acute heart failure

2019

Aims In acute heart failure (AHF), relationships between changes in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and worsening renal function (WRF) and its prognostic implications have not been fully determined. We investigated the relationship between WRF and a decrease in BNP with in-hospital and 1-year mortality in AHF. Methods and results The Acute Kidney Injury NGAL Evaluation of Symptomatic heart faIlure Study (AKINESIS) was a prospective, international, multicentre study of AHF patients. Severe WRF (sWRF) was a sustained increase of >= 44.2 mu mol/L (0.5 mg/dL) or >= 50% in creatinine, non-severe WRF (nsWRF) was a non-sustained increase of >= 26.5 mu mol/L (0.3 mg/dL) or >= 50% in cr…

InotropeMaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentWorsening renal function030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyKidneyKidney Function TestsRISK STRATIFICATIONchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineAcute heart failure; B-type natriuretic peptide; Mortality; Worsening renal function; Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Biomarkers; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Heart Failure; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Natriuretic Peptide Brain; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Time FactorsNatriuretic Peptide BrainNatriuretic peptideProspective StudiesDISCHARGEAcute kidney injuryBrainAcute Kidney InjuryPrognosis3. Good healthDERIVATIONHOSPITALIZATIONCreatinineAcute DiseaseCardiologyDisease ProgressionFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsGlomerular Filtration RateVENOUS CONGESTIONmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classRenal functionPRESSUREVALIDATION03 medical and health sciencesNatriuretic PeptideInternal medicinemedicineHumansRenal replacement therapycardiovascular diseasesAgedMechanical ventilationHeart FailureCreatininebusiness.industryMORTALITYAcute heart failuremedicine.diseasechemistryB-type natriuretic peptideHeart failurebusinessBiomarkersFollow-Up Studies
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Decongestion discriminates risk for one-year mortality in patients with improving renal function in acute heart failure

2021

Aims Improving renal function (IRF) is paradoxically associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF), but outcomes may differ based on response to decongestion. We explored if the relationship of IRF with mortality in hospitalized AHF patients differs based on successful decongestion.Methods and results We evaluated 760 AHF patients from AKINESIS for the relationship between IRF, change in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 1-year mortality. IRF was defined as a >= 20% increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) relative to admission. Adequate decongestion was defined as a >= 40% decrease in last measured BNP relative to admission. IRF occurred in 22% of pat…

InotropeMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classRenal function030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyKidney03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineKidney functionNatriuretic PeptideB&#8208Internal medicineNatriuretic Peptide BrainNatriuretic peptidemedicinetype natriuretic peptideHumansBlood urea nitrogenAgedHeart Failurebusiness.industryAcute heart failure; B-type natriuretic peptide; Congestion; Kidney function; Prognosis; Acute Disease; Aged; Biomarkers; Humans; Kidney; Male; Natriuretic Peptide Brain; Prognosis; Heart FailureHazard ratioBrainAcute heart failuremedicine.diseasePrognosisConfidence interval3. Good healthBlood pressureB-type natriuretic peptideHeart failureAcute DiseaseCardiologyCongestionCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBiomarkersEuropean Journal of Heart Failure
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Modelling the insect Mushroom Bodies: Application to sequence learning

2015

Learning and reproducing temporal sequences is a fundamental ability used by living beings to adapt behaviour repertoire to environmental constraints. This paper is focused on the description of a model based on spiking neurons, able to learn and autonomously generate a sequence of events. The neural architecture is inspired by the insect Mushroom Bodies (MBs) that are a crucial centre for multimodal sensory integration and behaviour modulation. The sequence learning capability coexists, within the insect brain computational model, with all the other features already addressed like attention, expectation, learning classification and others. This is a clear example that a unique neural struc…

InsectaComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceModels NeurologicalContext; Insect brain; Insect mushroom bodies; Learning; Neural model; Neuroscience; Spiking neurons; Algorithms; Animals; Attention; Computer Simulation; Insecta; Mushroom Bodies; Robotics; Serial Learning; Models NeurologicalContext (language use)Sensory systemSerial LearningInsect brain; Insect mushroom bodies; LearningArtificial IntelligenceLearningAnimalsAttentionComputer SimulationMushroom BodiesStructure (mathematical logic)Sequencebusiness.industryRoboticsInsect mushroom bodiesMushroom bodiesSequence learningArtificial intelligencebusinessInsect brainAlgorithmsNeural Networks
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Extubation in neurocritical care patients: the ENIO international prospective study

2022

Purpose: Neurocritical care patients receive prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), but there is poor specific information in this high-risk population about the liberation strategies of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: ENIO (NCT03400904) is an international, prospective observational study, in 73 intensive care units (ICUs) in 18 countries from 2018 to 2020. Neurocritical care patients with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) ≤ 12, receiving IMV ≥ 24 h, undergoing extubation attempt or tracheostomy were included. The primary endpoint was extubation failure by day 5. An extubation success prediction score was created, with 2/3 of patients randomly allocated to the training cohort …

Intensive Care UnitsTracheostomyTraumatic brain injuryExtubationAirway ExtubationHumansProspective StudiesBrain injuryCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineIntra-cranial haemorrhageRespiration Artificial
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Determination of metabolite concentrations in human brain tumour biopsy samples using HR-MAS and ERETIC measurements.

2009

Accurate determination of the concentration of the metabolites contained in intact human biopsies of 10 glioblastoma multiforme samples was achieved using one-dimensional 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR combined with ERETIC™ (electronic reference to in vivo concentrations) measurements. The amount of sample used ranged from 6.8 to 12.9 mg. Metabolite concentrations were measured in each sample using two methods: with DSS (2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonate sodium salt) as an internal reference and with ERETIC™ as an external electronically generated reference. The ERETIC™ signal was shown to be highly reproducible and did not affect the spectral quality. The concent…

Internal standardChromatographyMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryBrain NeoplasmsMetaboliteAnalytical chemistryHuman brainNeoplasm Proteinschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structureIn vivoBiopsymedicineMagic angle spinningBiomarkers TumorMolecular MedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSample preparationProtonsSpectroscopyEx vivoAlgorithmsNMR in biomedicine
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Plasticity Molecule Reveals Interneuronal Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease

2017

InterneuronGeneral NeurosciencePsa ncamBrainNeural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1Human brainDiseaseBiologyPlasticityEntorhinal cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureAlzheimer DiseaseSialic AcidsmedicineEntorhinal CortexHumansNeuroscienceNeuroscience
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<title>Noninvasive detection of intracerebral hemorrhage using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</title>

1998

Intracerebral Hemorrhage (IH) is an important cause of secondary brain injury in neurosurgical patients. Early identification and treatment improve neurologic outcome. We have tested Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) as an alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool compared to CT-Scans to detect IH. We prospectively studied 212 patients with neurologic symptoms associated with intracranial pathology before performing a CT-scan. NIRS signals indicated pathologies in 181 cases (sensitivity 0.96; specificity 0.29). In a subgroup of subdural hematomas NIRS detected 45 of 46 hematomas (sensitivity 0.96; specificity 0.79). Identification of intracerebral hemorrhage using NIRS has the potential to al…

Intracerebral hemorrhageIntracranial pathologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryVascular diseaseTraumatic brain injuryNon invasiveHead injurymedicine.diseaseSubdural Hematomassurgical procedures operativeEpidural hematomaAnesthesiaMedicineRadiologybusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Prevention and treatment of intracranial hypertension

2007

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure exerted by cranial contents on the dural envelope. It comprises the partial pressures of brain, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Normal intracranial pressure is somewhere below 10 mmHg; it may increase as a result of traumatic brain injury, stroke, neoplasm, Reye's syndrome, hepatic coma, or other pathologies. When ICP increases above 20 mmHg it may damage neurons and jeopardize cerebral perfusion. If such a condition persists, treatment is indicated. Control of ICP requires measurement, which can only be performed invasively. Standard techniques include direct ventricular manometry or measurement in the parenchyma with electronic or fiberopti…

Intracranial PressureTraumatic brain injurymedicine.medical_treatmentBrain EdemaCerebral autoregulationNeurosurgical ProceduresmedicineHumansCerebral perfusion pressureIntracranial pressurePostoperative Carebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialHydrocephalusHypertonic salineAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineCerebral blood flowBrain InjuriesAnesthesiaPneumocephalusDrainageDecompressive craniectomyIntracranial HypertensionbusinessHydrocephalusBest Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
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Transcranial Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (tcMRgFUS) at 1.5T: this is how we do it

2017

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References

IntraoperativeMR physicsImage verificationgenetic structuresNeuroradiology brainQuality assurance Image verification Technical aspects Surgery Intraoperative MR Neuroradiology brain MR physics Interventional non-vascularSurgeryMRTechnical aspectsInterventional non-vascularQuality assurance
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