Search results for " Breast Cancer"

Role of Enolase/MBP-1 in non-tumorigenic and cancer cells

The glycolytic enzyme α-enolase is a highly conserved protein involved in multiple functions (Díaz-Ramos A et al 2012). Besides the mainly cytoplasmic localization, the protein has been detected on the surface of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells where it functions as a plasminogen receptor, while a shorter variant, called Myc promoter-binding protein-1 (MBP-1), is mainly located in the nucleus. Several lines of evidence indicate that MBP-1 acts as a tumor suppressor, negatively regulating cell proliferation or promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. Although a few reports indicate that stressful conditions, such as glucose deprivation or hypoxia, may modulate MBP-1 expression in mammalian cell…

NF-κB is a potential pharmacological target in triple negative breast cancers.

2015

Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs), characterized by lack of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors, are a highly heterogenous group of tumors which account for about 20% to 25% of all breast cancers. TNBCs are often associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a high propensity for early metastasis. Since no molecularly-targeted therapeutic agents are clinically available for TNBCs, these tumors, which are frequently resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy, remain difficult to treat. Nevertheless, progress is being made in the finding of molecular alterations typical of TNBCs toward which to focus therapeutic efforts.

Mitomycin 'C' and vinorelbine as second line chemotherapy for metastatic breast carcinoma

1994

Aims and background Patients with metastatic breast carcinoma resistant to first line chemotherapy may require further treatment. Results o second line chemotherapy are still largerly unsatisfactory. For this reason a phase II study on the combination of mitomycin C and vinorelbine was carried out. Methods Forty patients with anthracycline pretreated metastatic breast cancer were treated with a combination of mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8. This cycle was repeated every 28 days. Responses were evaluated according to the WHO criteria. Results A major objective response was recorded in 16 cases (40%; 95% confidence limits 32%-48%), with 2 pat…

Treatment of metastatic breast cancer with vinorelbine and docetaxel.

2006

Objective: A phase II study was performed to evaluate efficacy and safety of the combination vinorelbine and docetaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline-based regimens. Overall 41 patients were included in the study. Methods: Treatment consisted of vinorelbine 25 mg/m 2 and docetaxel 75 mg/m 2 , both administered on day 1 every 3 weeks for a maximum of 9 cycles. Most patients (92%) were postmenopausal with a median age of 57 years, and median ECOG performance of 1. Sites of disease were viscera in 42% of patients, bones in 30%, soft-tissues in 32%. Sixty-five percent of patients had >2 metastatic sites. Previous treatments included neo-adjuvant …

Cisplatin and epirubicin plus oral lonidamine as first-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer: A phase II study of the Southern Italy Oncology G…

1998

Lonidamine (LND) is a unique antineoplastic drug derived from indazole-3-carboxylic acid which inhibits oxygen consumption and aerobic glycolysis, interfering with energy metabolism of neoplastic cells. LND has been experimentally shown to potentiate the cytotoxic effects of epirubicin (EPI) in human breast cancer cell lines, cisplatin activity in both platinum-sensitive and -resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, and EPI antineoplastic activity in some recent phase III trials carried out in advanced breast cancer. A multicenter phase II trial was carried out with the combination of cisplatin 60 mg/m2, EPI 100 mg/m2 and LND 450 mg/day p.o. in three refracted doses/day starting 2 days…

A phase I/II trial of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, docetaxel and trastuzumab as first-line treatment in HER-2-positive locally advanced or me…

2011

Abstract Aim To assess the activity and safety of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Myocet®) in combination with docetaxel and trastuzumab as first-line treatment of patients with HER-2/neu-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Patients and methods The maximum tolerated dose of the combination was defined in the phase I part of the study. In the phase II part, 45 HER-2/neu-positive MBC patients were enrolled to receive 6–8 cycles of Myocet® 50 mg/m2 (day 1), docetaxel 30 mg/m2 (days 2 and 9) plus trastuzumab (day 2, 4 mg/kg followed by 2 mg/kg/week) every 21 d until unacceptable toxicity or progression occurred. Objective response (primary end-point) and treatment tolerability were as…

“Weekly docetaxel and gemcitabine as first line treatment for metastatic breast cancer: results of a multicenter phase II study”

2004

<i>Objectives:</i> We conducted a multicenter phase II study to evaluate the clinical efficacy, toxicity, and dose intensity of a new weekly schedule of docetaxel and gemcitabine as first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients. <i>Methods:</i> We enrolled 58 patients, 52% of whom had received a previous anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. The treatment schedule was: docetaxel 35 mg/m<sup>2</sup> and gemcitabine 800 mg/m<sup>2</sup> i.v. on days 1, 8, 15 every 28 days. <i>Results:</i> All patients were assessable for toxicity and 56 for efficacy. Overall response rate was 64.3% with 16.1% of complete responses and 48…

Identification of Biomarkers Including 18FDG-PET/CT for Early Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

2015

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the value of the metabolic tumor response assessed with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), compared with clinicobiologic markers to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Experimental Design: Fifty consecutive women with TNBC and an indication for NAC were prospectively included. Different pretreatment clinical, biologic, and pathologic biomarkers, including SBR grade, the Ki-67 proliferation index, androgen receptor expression, EGF receptor (EGFR), and cytokeratin 5/6 staining, were assessed. Tumor glucose metabolism at baseline and its chan…

Prognostic impact of phosphorylated HER-2 in HER-2+ primary breast cancer.

2011

Abstract Purpose. Tyrosine 1248 is one of the autophosphorylation sites of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2. We determined the prognostic value of the expression level of tyrosine 1248–phosphorylated HER-2 (pHER-2) in patients with HER-2+ primary breast cancer using a reverse-phase protein array. Patients and Methods. The optimal cutoff value of pHER-2 for segregating disease-free survival (DFS) was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Five-year DFS for pHER-2 expression level was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method using both derivation (n = 162) and validation (n = 227) cohorts. Results. Of the 162 patients in the derivation cohort, 26 had…

Long-term outcomes in stage IIIB breast cancer patients who achieved less than a pathological complete response (pCR) after primary chemotherapy.

2009

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Summarize the main risk factors for relapse in patients with T4 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Evaluate the role of hormone receptors and HER-2 as determinants of risk of relapse after neoadjuvant treatment.Compare the difference in outcomes between patients who achieve less than pCR in relation to receptor status. This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com. Purpose. Pathological complete response (pCR) to primary chemotherapy is the main determinant for improved disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The primary endpoints of ou…