Search results for " CB1"

showing 10 items of 111 documents

Biphasic effects of cannabinoids in anxiety responses: CB1 and GABA(B) receptors in the balance of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission

2012

Biphasic effects of cannabinoids have been shown in processes such as feeding behavior, motor activity, motivational processes and anxiety responses. Using two different tests for the characterization of anxiety-related behavior (elevated plus-maze and holeboard), we first identified in wild-type C57BL/6N mice, two doses of the synthetic CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist CP-55,940 with anxiolytic (1 mug/kg) and anxiogenic properties (50 mug/kg), respectively. To clarify the role of CB1 receptors in this biphasic effect, both doses were applied to two different conditional CB1 receptor knockout (KO) mouse lines, GABA-CB1-KO (CB1 receptor inactivation in forebrain GABAergic neurons) and Glu-CB…

AgonistMaleCannabinoid receptormedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentGlutamic AcidCyclopentanesPharmacologyGABAB receptorBiologyAnxietyMotor ActivityAnxiolyticSynaptic TransmissionGlutamatergicMiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1medicineAnimalsGABA Agonistsgamma-Aminobutyric AcidPharmacologyMice KnockoutBehavior AnimalDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsfood and beveragesCyclohexanolsMice Inbred C57BLPsychiatry and Mental healthPyrimidinesAnxiogenicnervous systemReceptors GABA-BGABAergiclipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Original ArticleCannabinoidpsychological phenomena and processes
researchProduct

CB1 cannabinoid receptor-mediated aggressive behavior

2013

This study examined the role of cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1r) in aggressive behavior. Social encounters took place in grouped and isolated mice lacking CB1r (CB1KO) and in wild-type (WT) littermates. Cognitive impulsivity was evaluated in the delayed reinforcement task (DRT). Gene expression analyses of monoaminooxidase-A (MAO-A), catechol-o-methyl-transferase (COMT), 5-hydroxytriptamine transporter (5-HTT) and 5-HT1B serotonergic receptor (5HT1Br) in the median and dorsal raphe nuclei (MnR and DR, respectively) and in the amygdala (AMY) were performed by real time-PCR. Double immunohistochemistry studies evaluated COMT and CB1r co-localization in the raphe nuclei and in the cortical (AC…

AgonistMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCannabinoid receptorTime Factorsmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentPoison controlArachidonic AcidsSerotonergicCatechol O-MethyltransferaseAmygdalaCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMiceDorsal raphe nucleusReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsInterpersonal RelationsMonoamine OxidasePharmacologyCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsMice KnockoutSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsAmygdalaSurgeryAggressionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemGene Expression RegulationImpulsive BehaviorReceptor Serotonin 5-HT1BConditioning OperantRaphe NucleiCannabinoidRaphe nucleiPsychologyReinforcement Psychology
researchProduct

Interaction between cannabinoid CB1 receptors and endogenous ATP in the control of spontaneous mechanical activity in mouse ileum

2009

Background and purpose Although it is well accepted that cannabinoids modulate intestinal motility by reducing cholinergic neurotransmission mediated by CB(1) receptors, it is not known whether the endocannabinoids are involved in more complex circuits and if they interact with other systems. The aim of the present study was to examine possible interactions between cannabinoid CB(1) receptors and purines in the control of spontaneous contractility of longitudinal muscle in mouse ileum. Experimental approach The mechanical activity of longitudinally oriented ileal segments from mice was recorded as isometric contractions. Key results The selective CB(1) receptor agonist, N-(2-chloroethyl)5,8…

AgonistMalemedicine.medical_specialtyP2Y receptormedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentCB(1) receptorArachidonic AcidsP2 receptorBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMiceAdenosine TriphosphateReceptor Cannabinoid CB1IleumInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsReceptorP2X receptors: enteric nervous systemcholinergic transmissionPharmacologypurineDose-Response Relationship DrugPurinergic receptorcannabinoidReceptor antagonistAdenosine receptorResearch PapersBiomechanical PhenomenaATPMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityProtein Binding
researchProduct

Pharmacological blockade of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) alters neural proliferation, apoptosis and gliosis in the rat hippocampus, hypothal…

2015

Endocannabinoids participate in the control of neurogenesis, neural cell death and gliosis. The pharmacological effect of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which limits the endocannabinoid degradation, was investigated in the present study. Cell proliferation (phospho-H3(+) or BrdU(+) cells) of the main adult neurogenic zones as well as apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3(+)), astroglia (GFAP(+)), and microglia (Iba1(+) cells) were analyzed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum of rats intraperitoneally treated with URB597 (0.3 mg/kg/day) at one dose/4-days resting or 5 doses (1 dose/day). Repeated URB597 treatment increased the plasma levels of the N-acylethanolamine…

AstrocitosNeurobiologia del desenvolupamentAmidohidrolasasCannabinoid receptorCarbamatos:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins::Caspases [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Differentiation::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose [Medical Subject Headings]Apoptosis:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compound:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Fatty acid amide hydrolaseReceptor cannabinoide CB1:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]FAAHGliosishealth care economics and organizations:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research0303 health sciencesNeurogenesisBenzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Cholestanes::Cholestenes::Cholesterol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid systemEtanolaminas3. Good healthEndocannabinoides:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Fatty Acids Monounsaturated::Oleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]CannabinoidesMicroglíalipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomColesterol:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Terpenes::Cannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Palmitic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]psychological phenomena and processesProliferación celularmedicine.medical_specialtyCerebroNeurogenesiseducationBiologyBromodesoxiuridina:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neuroglia::Microglia [Medical Subject Headings]Triglicéridoslcsh:RC321-571Ácidos oléicosRatas03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicineHipocampomedicineCaspasa 3:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Growth Processes::Cell Proliferation [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyPalmitoylethanolamide:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases::Amidohydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]Cannabinoids:Anatomy::Cells::Neuroglia::Astrocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Peso corporalEnergy metabolism:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]URB597:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Gliosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Amino Alcohols::Ethanolamines [Medical Subject Headings]Muerte celular:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death::Apoptosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]EndocrinologyURB597chemistryGliosisnervous systemGlucosaCannabinoidEnergy Metabolism:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]HipotálamoÁcidos palmíticos030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
researchProduct

Cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation modulates spontaneous contractile activity in mouse ileal longitudinal muscle.

2007

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether cannabinoid receptor agonists influence spontaneous contractile activity of longitudinal muscle in mouse ileum in vitro. Isolated segments of mouse ileum displayed spontaneous contractions with an amplitude and frequency of about 300 mg and 30 cpm, respectively. The endocannabinoid anandamide (1-100 microM), the selective cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist, ACEA (0.1 microM-10 microM), but not the selective cannabinoid CB(2) receptor agonist, JWH 133 (0.1 microM-10 microM), reduced in a concentration-dependent manner the spontaneous mechanical activity. The inhibitory effect consisted in a decrease of the mean amplitude of longitudinal…

AtropineMaleAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyCB1 receptorIndolesCannabinoid receptorPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentMouse ileumArachidonic AcidsTetrodotoxinIn Vitro TechniquesDepolarization-induced suppression of inhibitionHexamethoniumReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1IleumInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsCannabinoidPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsChemistryMuscle SmoothCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsReceptor antagonistEndocannabinoid systemAcetylcholineMice Inbred C57BLNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterEndocrinologyApaminJWH-133PyrazolesCannabinoidRimonabantSpontaneous mechanical activityEndocannabinoidsMuscle Contraction
researchProduct

Plasma membrane and lysosomal localization of CB1 cannabinoid receptor are dependent on lipid rafts and regulated by anandamide in human breast cance…

2005

AbstractIn this report we show, by confocal analysis of indirect immunofluorescence, that the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R), which belongs to the family of G-protein-coupled receptors, is expressed on the plasma membrane in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. However, a substantial proportion of the receptor is present in lysosomes. We found that CB1R is associated with cholesterol- and sphyngolipid-enriched membrane domains (rafts). Cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) treatment strongly reduces the flotation of the protein on the raft-fractions (DRM) of sucrose density gradients suggesting that CB1 raft-association is cholesterol dependent. Interestingly binding of …

CB1 receptorCannabinoid receptorMESH: Membrane MicrodomainsMESH: Receptor Cannabinoid CB1Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundRaftsMESH: Cholesterol0302 clinical medicineReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Structural BiologyReceptorLipid raft0303 health sciencesChemistrybeta-CyclodextrinsAnandamideEndocannabinoid system3. Good healthCell biologyCholesterollipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)AgonistMESH: beta-CyclodextrinsMESH: Cell Line TumorPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classBiophysicsBreast NeoplasmsArachidonic Acids03 medical and health sciencesMembrane MicrodomainsCell Line TumorGeneticsmedicineMESH: Arachidonic AcidsHumansMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyG protein-coupled receptorMESH: HumansMESH: Polyunsaturated AlkamidesCell Membrane[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologyAnandamideCell BiologyCaveolin 1LysosomesIntracellular traffickingMESH: Breast Neoplasms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMESH: Cell MembraneMESH: LysosomesEndocannabinoids
researchProduct

Evidence for a modulatory role of cannabinoids on the excitatory NANC neurotransmission in mouse colon

2007

Abstract It is well accepted that endogenous cannabinoids and CB1 receptors are involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility and intestinal motility, through a mechanism mainly related to reduction of acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve endings. Because, few data exist on a possible modulatory action of the cannabinoid agents on the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the NANC responses elicited by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the circular muscle of mouse proximal colon. Colonic contractions were monitored as changes in endoluminal…

CB1 receptorIndolesCannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatmentSynaptic TransmissionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Micechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid receptor type 2musculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyAnandamideSmooth muscle contractionRimonabantAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyColonPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.drug_classMorpholinesNeuromuscular JunctionArachidonic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesTachykininsInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsIntestinal motilitymedicineAnimalsCannabinoidReceptors TachykininPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCannabinoidsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsNANC relaxationURB597Electric StimulationBenzoxazinesMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyInhibitory Postsynaptic PotentialschemistryPyrazolesNANC contractionCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityEndocannabinoidsPharmacological Research
researchProduct

Anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4 is an endogenous allosteric enhancer of CB1 cannabinoid receptor.

2012

Allosteric modulation of G-protein–coupled receptors represents a key goal of current pharmacology. In particular, endogenous allosteric modulators might represent important targets of interventions aimed at maximizing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects of drugs. Here we show that the anti-inflammatory lipid lipoxin A 4 is an endogenous allosteric enhancer of the CB 1 cannabinoid receptor. Lipoxin A 4 was detected in brain tissues, did not compete for the orthosteric binding site of the CB 1 receptor (vs. 3 H-SR141716A), and did not alter endocannabinoid metabolism (as opposed to URB597 and MAFP), but it enhanced affinity of anandamide at the CB1 receptor, thereby potentiating …

Cannabinoid receptorAllosteric regulationAnti-Inflammatory AgentsSpatial BehaviorEndogenyAmyloidogenic ProteinsMice TransgenicBiologyPharmacologyReceptors G-Protein-Coupled03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicineReceptor Cannabinoid CB1In vivoMemoryCommentariesAnimalsReceptor030304 developmental biologyInflammationMice Knockout0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyBrainAnandamideURB597Biological SciencesEndocannabinoid system3. Good healthLipoxinsMice Inbred C57BLKineticsNeuroprotective Agentschemistrynervous systemlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)030217 neurology & neurosurgerypsychological phenomena and processesAllosteric SiteEndocannabinoidsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
researchProduct

The complex modulation of lysosomal degradation pathways by cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2

2015

The two main receptors of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), were described in the early 1990s. Since then, different physiological functions have been revealed that are linked to the activity of these two G-protein-coupled receptors. CB1R and CB2R activities influence signal cascades, which are known to play a role in the regulation of the cellular "self-digestion" process called autophagy. A variety of these signaling pathways are integrated by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) that acts as an inhibitor of autophagy. Others, like AMP-activated protein kinase dependent signaling pathway, are able to bypass mTORC1 to modulate the auto…

Cannabinoid receptorAutophagyContext (language use)General MedicinemTORC1BiologyEndocannabinoid systemGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell biologyReceptor Cannabinoid CB2Receptor Cannabinoid CB1AutophagyAnimalsHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsSignal transductionLysosomesProtein kinase AReceptorLife Sciences
researchProduct

The Endocannabinoid System Promotes Astroglial Differentiation by Acting on Neural Progenitor Cells

2006

Endocannabinoids exert an important neuromodulatory role via presynaptic cannabinoid CB1receptors and may also participate in the control of neural cell death and survival. The function of the endocannabinoid system has been extensively studied in differentiated neurons, but its potential role in neural progenitor cells remains to be elucidated. Here we show that the CB1receptor and the endocannabinoid-inactivating enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase are expressed, bothin vitroandin vivo, in postnatal radial glia (RC2+cells) and in adult nestin type I (nestin+GFAP+) neural progenitor cells. Cell culture experiments show that CB1receptor activation increases progenitor proliferation and differ…

Cannabinoid receptorCellular differentiationMorpholinesApoptosisNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyNaphthalenesHippocampusAmidohydrolasesNestinMiceIntermediate Filament ProteinsReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Cannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinAnimalsProgenitor cellEnzyme InhibitorsNeural cellCells CulturedProgenitorMice KnockoutNeuronsCannabinoidsmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral NeuroscienceStem CellsCell DifferentiationArticlesNestinEndocannabinoid systemNeural stem cellBenzoxazinesRatsnervous systemAstrocytesBenzamideslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CarbamatesNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesEndocannabinoids
researchProduct