Search results for " CD1"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
CD10 and HHF35 actin in the differential diagnosis between Collagenous Spherulosis and Adenoid-Cystic Carcinoma of the breast
2012
Collagenous Spherulosis (CS) and Adenoid-Cystic Carcinoma (AdCC) of the breast consist of cribriform proliferations of epithelial and myoepithelial cells with an immunophenotypic overlap of some myoepithelial markers, such as p63 and smooth muscle actin (SMA). To our knowledge, CD10 and HHF35 actin have not been assessed in the differential diagnosis of these two breast lesions. We performed an immunohistochemical study on 6 cases of CS and 9 cases of AdCC. We found CD10, muscle-specific actin (HHF35), Estrogen and Progesterone receptors (ER and PR) to be strongly expressed in CS, but not in AdCC; C-kit was diffusely positive in AdCC and scanty in CS; SMA, p63 and Cytokeratine 5/6 (CK5/6) w…
Treatment response to dimethyl fumarate is characterized by disproportionate CD8+ T cell reduction in MS
2017
Background: The effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on circulating lymphocyte subsets and their contribution as predictors of clinical efficacy have not yet been investigated in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To evaluate lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets (analyzed 6 months after DMF start) in MS patients with and without disease activity after 1 year of treatment in a retrospective study. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Untreated MS patients ( n = 40) were compared to those 6 months after onset of DMF treatment ( n = 51). Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disease activity of DMF-treated patients were assessed in the first year un…
Glut-1 Expression and In Situ CD1a/CD57 Immunologic Deficit in Keratoacanthoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Immunocompetent Patients
2011
It is not easy to reach a differential diagnosis between keratoacanthoma (KA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and furthermore there is still considerable discussion about the relationship of these 2 tumors with immunity. To facilitate such a diagnosis, we assessed the Glut-1 antibody, reported to be strongly and diffusely expressed in SCC but never assessed in KA. We studied 43 lesions of immunocompetent patients: 17 SCCs, 13 typical KAs (tKAs), and 13 atypical KAs (aKAs), with histologic features of SCC in less than 30% of the lesions. In tKA, Glut-1 stained only the basal layers of the squamous nests (basal pattern) whereas in SCC the squamous nests were randomly and diffusely stained (…
A novel B cell population revealed by a CD38/CD24 gating strategy: CD38−CD24− B cells in centenarian offspring and elderly people
2012
The B cell arm of adaptive immunity undergoes significant modifications with age. Elderly people are characterized by impaired B cell responses reflected in a reduced ability to effectively respond against viruses and bacteria. Alterations of immunity with advancing age (immunosenescence) have been widely studied in centenarians who are considered a good example of successful aging. In recent years, attention has shifted to centenarian offspring (CO) as a model of people genetically advantaged for healthy aging and longevity. Here, we describe the preliminary characterization of a proposed new population of memory B cells, defined as CD19(+)CD38(-)CD24(-), which we find at higher frequencie…
Memory B Cell Subpopulations in the Aged
2006
The literature on immunosenescence has focused mainly on T cell impairment. With the aim of gaining insight into B cell immunosenescence, the authors investigated the serum IgD levels in 24 young and 21 old people and analyzed their relationship with the number of CD19 CD27 memory cells. Serum IgD were quantified by the use of radial immunodiffusion and the lymphocyte population CD19 CD27 was identified by a FACScan flow cytometer. Serum IgD levels were significantly lower (p 0.0001) in old subjects, and the percentage of CD19 CD27 lymphocytes were significantly increased (p 0.01) in old subjects. Finally, a significant negative correlation was found (p 0.01) between serum concentrations of…
Rituximab in refractory pemphigus vulgaris
2008
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a severe chronic autoimmune blistering disease of skin and mucous membranes. The use of systemic corticosteroids in pemphigus has dramatically reduced its mortality rate, but the long-term use of steroids leads to severe side effects, many of which are serious. For this reason it is often necessary to add immunosuppressive agents to the regimen. However, there are occasional refractory cases in which therapy with conventionally accepted modalities is either not efficacious or not possible on account of side effects. Rituximab is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, an integral membrane protein highly expressed on the surface of pre-B lymphocytes and a…
Targeting p53, hdm2, and CD19: vaccination and immunologic strategies.
2000
Peptides presented by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and derived from normal self-proteins that are expressed at elevated levels by cells from a variety of human (Hu) malignancies provide, in theory, potential target antigens for a broad-spectrum, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-based immunotherapy of cancer and hematologic malignancies. However, as such tumor- and leukemia-associated self-proteins are also expressed at low levels in some types of normal tissues, such as thymus, spleen and lymphohemopoietic cells, these self-MHC-self-peptide complexes may also represent thymic and/or peripheral tolerogens, thereby preventing immune responses. This is particularly true…
Defective expression of CD95 (FAS/APO-1) molecule suggests apoptosis impairment of T and B cells in HLA-B8, DR3-positive individuals.
1997
Activation-induced apoptosis is one of the primary control mechanisms for the negative selection of an immune response, leading to maintenance of immune homeostasis and selective T cell deletion. The interaction between the surface molecule Fas and its ligand (FasL) has been proposed as a primary mechanism initiating T cell apoptosis. The T cell receptor modulates the expression and function of these molecules. Defects in the Fas/FasL apoptosis pathway have been shown to result in autoimmune disease in humans and in murine models. Because subjects carrying the HLA-B8, DR3 haplotype show a number of immune dysfunctions, including membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus eryt…
Role of chronic exsposure to cigarette smoke on endoglin/CD105 expression in airway epithelium.
2015
Dysregulation of airway epithelial cell function related to cigarette smoke exposure plays an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD and is associated to tissue damage and disease severity. CD105 is a component of the receptor complex of TGF-β, a pleiotropic cytokine involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation and migration. CD105 regulates the expression of different components of the extracellular matrix suggesting a role of CD105 in cellular transmigration and remodeling processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of endoglin/CD105 in airway epithelium of COPD patients and its involvement in tissue remodeling and progression of COPD. We evalua…
Regulation of CD1d expression by murine tumor cells: escape from immunosurveillance or alternate target molecules?
2002
alpha beta+ TCR T cells recognize peptide fragments displayed by MHC-class I or -class II molecules. Recently, additional mechanisms of antigen recognition by T cells have been identified, including CD1-mediated presentation of nonpeptide antigens. Only a limited number of CD1 antigens is retained in the mouse, i.e., the group II CD1 antigens, which are split into CD1D1 and CD1d2. Several T cell subsets have been shown to interact with murine CD1 antigens, including NK cells or "natural T cells" with the invariant V alpha 14 J alpha 281 TCR chain. Even if TAP defects may prevent classical endogenous antigen presentation in tumor cell lines, antigen presentation via CD1 is still functional. …