Search results for " COMPLIANCE"
showing 10 items of 259 documents
Adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet and reduced prevalence of clustered cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of 3204 high-risk patients
2008
Background The Mediterranean food pattern (MeDiet) has been suggested to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Scarcity of assessment of this effect on large samples of patients at high risk is, however, observed. Our objective was to estimate the association between adherence to MeDiet and the prevalence of risk factors in 3204 asymptomatic high-risk patients. Design Cross-sectional assessment of baseline characteristics of participants in a primary prevention trial. Methods Participants were assessed by their usual primary-care physicians to ascertain the prevalence of diet-related cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or obesity) using stand…
Lifestyles and risk factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet: a baseline assessment of the PREDIMED trial
2013
Background: The traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) is associated with longevity and low rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is little information on who is more likely to follow this food pattern. Aim: To evaluate how different factors are associated with lower MedDiet adherence in older Spanish subjects. Methods: We included 7305 participants (men aged 55-80 y, women 60-80 y) at high-risk of CVD recruited into the PREDIMED trial (ISRCTN35739639). Socioeconomic, anthropometric, lifestyle characteristics and CVD risk factors were recorded. A validated 14-item questionnaire was used to evaluate MedDiet adherence at baseline. Multivariate models were used to …
Recommendations for and warnings against physical activity given to older people by health care professionals.
2005
Abstract Background Little is known about how health care professionals advice older people with chronic conditions about physical exercise. This study investigated exercise counseling in the context of health care as perceived by older people, and factors associated with perceived advice. Design and methods Participants were 580 non-institutional 73- to 92-year-old people who reported at least one contact with health care during the previous 12 months. Results Of all the participants, 23% recalled solely recommendations to exercise, and 9% solely warnings against exercise. Additionally, 34% recalled receiving both recommendations for and warnings against physical activity, and 34% did not …
Behavioral medicine interventions in diabetes.
2010
Poor glycemic control is prevalent in the majority of patients with diabetes and has a strong impact on medical as well as psychological outcomes. Psychological and behavioral variables are of particular interest, as the patients themselves are the most determining factor of treatment success. Consequently, a wide range of behavioral medicine interventions are aimed at improvement in diabetes self-management, coping strategies, blood glucose awareness, and stress reduction. This review provides an overview of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the past 18 months (from March 2008 to September 2009) that evaluated behavioral medicine interventions in patients with diabetes. The …
Untersuchungen über die persönlichen und familiären Schwierigkeiten der Patienten bei kieferorthopädischen Behandlungen
1982
Auch bei vorsichtiger Interpretation der Antworten, die wir bei Interviews, durchgefuhrt im hauslichen Millieu der patienten, erhalten haben, kann man feststellen, das die Begleitumstande einer kieferorthopadischen Behandlung zum Teil eine beachtliche, aber wenig beachtete Belastung fur den Patienten und seine Familie mit sich bringen. In einigen Punkten erscheint andererseits die durchschnittliche Belastung geringer als angenommen. Dabei sind erhebliche interindividuelle Unterschiede zu beachten. In Einzelfallen, so mus man annehmen, ergeben sich, besonders in ohnehin traumatisierendem Milieu und bei ungunstigem Erziehungsverhalten der Eltern, langdauernde Konfliktsituationen mit teilweise…
Theoretische Ansätze für eine bessere Motivierung der Patienten in der Kieferorthopädie
1987
Eine Zusammenstellung verschiedener theoretischer Ansatze zur Verbesserung der Behandlungsmotivation wird vorgestellt. In der Sozialpsychologie werden das Phanomen des Widerstandes gegen Einstellungsanderungen, die Bedingungen von Verantwortlichkeit und die Wirkung vorbereitender Kommunikationen auf unangenehme Erreignisse erforscht. Aus der Verhaltenstherapie sind die Methoden der Belohnung, der Verhaltensvertrage und der verbalen Selbstkontrolle bekannt. Moglichkeiten der Ubertragung dieser Erkenntnisse auf die kieferorthopadische Behandlungssituation werden diskutiert.
Generally Antisocial Batterers with High Neuropsychological Deficits Present Lower Treatment Compliance and Higher Recidivism
2021
Objective: No studies have considered whether neuropsychological performance moderates the relationship between Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart's intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) offender typologies and treatment compliance and recidivism. Therefore, we first aimed to assess whether the typologies show differences in specific neuropsychological variables such as cognitive flexibility and emotion decoding processes. Second, we also assessed whether there are differences in treatment compliance and recidivism between the IPVAW offender typologies, based on their neuropsychological performance. Method: We administered a set of neuropsychological tests (e.g., Wisconsin card sorting …
Psychodynamic Motivation and Training program (PMT) for the secondary prevention in patients with stable coronary heart disease: study protocol for a…
2013
Background Nonpharmacological secondary prevention of coronary heart disease is considered a safe and effective measure to substantially reduce mortality. Despite the effectiveness of lifestyle changes, the compliance rate of patients is very low mainly due to psychosocial barriers. Psychotherapeutic approaches that address how persons think about themselves and their behaviors appear to have a significant potential for improving health behavior. Methods/design Against this background, our study aims to examine the feasibility and effects of a Psychodynamic Motivation and Training program (PMT) as compared to one session of advice in exercise training (EX) and treatment as usual (TAU). For …
Robust and Decoupled Position and Stiffness Control for Electrically-Driven Articulated Soft Robots
2022
The control of articulated soft robots, i.e. robots with flexible joints and rigid links, presents a challenge due to their in- trinsic elastic elements and nonlinear force-deflection dependency. This letter first proposes a discrete-time delayed unknown input- state observer based on a nominal robot model that reconstructs the total torque disturbance vector, resulting from the imperfect knowledge of the elastic torque characteristic, external torques, and other model uncertainties. Then, it introduces a robust controller, that actively compensates for the estimated uncertainty and allows bounded stability for the tracking of independent link position and joint stiffness reference signals.…
Near-fatal asthma phenotype in the ENFUMOSA Cohort.
2007
Summary Background Near-fatal asthma (NFA) is characterized by severe asthma attacks usually requiring intensive care unit admission. This phenotype of asthma has been studied mainly in acute conditions. Methods The aim of our study was to compare the clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics of NFA patients with mild to severe asthmatics in stable conditions. We recruited 155 asthmatic patients from five centres of the European Network for Understanding Mechanisms of Severe Asthma: 67 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma controlled by low/medium doses of inhaled corticosteroids; 64 with severe asthma that, despite treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids, long-acti…