Search results for " CONSOLIDATION"
showing 10 items of 106 documents
A novel approach to enhance mechanical properties during recycling of aluminum alloy scrap through friction stir consolidation
2021
Solid state recycling (SSR) is a new approach for making metals recycling more efficient with respect to remelting-based approaches. Friction stir consolidation (FSC) is a new solid-state process that is employed to recycle metallic scraps. Until now, a single-step FSC process was applied to recycled metal chips. During the single-step approach, critical processes parameters, especially processing time and rotational speed, are considered vital to control the quality and mechanical properties of the billet. However, the effectiveness of process parameters is highly restricted by challenging masses of recycling chips and machine competency. The present study first highlights the issues of th…
Nanotechnology for Cultural Heritage
2014
The conservation science is one of the most complex topics in the materials science as it requires interdisciplinary expertise ranging from the architecture, the technology of materials to the advanced analytical and physical chemistry. However, the recent development has shown that the complex tasks of the conservation of the cultural heritage can be solved very effectively using novel nanomaterials and nanotechnology methods.
Hydro-mechanical behaviour of shallow Opalinus Clay shale
2019
In Switzerland, Opalinus Clay shale has been selected as the host formation for radioactive waste disposal. The minimum required depth of the repository is related to the long-lasting isolation required for the disposal (1 million years). During this period, possible erosion scenarios affecting the repository need to be analysed. Opalinus Clay from shallow depths (< 70 m) was sourced from a borehole in Northern Switzerland, where the formation was affected by a considerable exhumation process. This work aims to investigate the impact of the mentioned phenomenon on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of Opalinus Clay through one-dimensional consolidation and permeability measurements. Laboratory …
Histological evaluation of the effect of low-level laser on distraction osteogenesis in rabbit mandibles
2009
Objectives: This study evaluated the action of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the percentage of newly formed bone in rabbit mandibles that underwent distraction osteogenesis (DO). Study design: Ten rabbits underwent bone lengthening according to the following protocol: Latency ? 3 days; Activation ? 7 days 0.7 mm/d; and Consolidation ? 10 days. The control group was composed of 4 rabbits. The experimental group, composed of 6 rabbits, received infrared GaAlAs LLLT (?=830 nm, P=40 mW) according to the following protocol: point dose of 10 J/cm2 applied directly on the bone site that underwent DO during bone consolidation at 48-hour intervals. Results: The percentage of newly formed bone wa…
Effects of Acute Stress on the Oscillatory Activity of the Hippocampus–Amygdala–Prefrontal Cortex Network
2021
Displaying a stress response to threatening stimuli is essential for survival. These reactions must be adjusted to be adaptive. Otherwise, even mental illnesses may develop. Describing the physiological stress response may contribute to distinguishing the abnormal responses that accompany the pathology, which may help to improve the development of both diagnoses and treatments. Recent advances have elucidated many of the processes and structures involved in stress response management; however, there is still much to unravel regarding this phenomenon. The main aim of the present research is to characterize the response of three brain areas deeply involved in the stress response (i.e., to an …
Is fiscal fatigue a threat to consolidation programmes?
2015
Building on a narrative approach to identify episodes of fiscal consolidation, data for a group of 17 industrial countries over the period 1978-2009 and continuous-time duration models, we find evidence suggesting that the likelihood of a fiscal consolidation ending increases over time, but only for programs that last less than six years. Additionally, fiscal consolidations tend to last longer in non-European than in European countries. Our results emphasize that chronic fiscal imbalances might lead to a vicious austerity cycle, while discipline in the behaviour of fiscal authorities is a means of achieving credible and shorter adjustment measures. Therefore, fiscal fatigue is likely to com…
The democratization process: An empirical appraisal of the role of political protest
2020
Abstract This paper analyses the role of peaceful and violent protest in the democratization process. We interpret the democratization process as a sequence of phases so as to allow citizens' and elites' preferences for democracy to vary according to the particular phase that a country is experiencing. By doing so we jointly model the probability of protest and of moving through different phases of democracy taking into account time-constant and time-varying unobserved heterogeneity. In particular, we develop a multivariate finite mixture model that introduces a latent variable to capture unobservable factors. On a sample of 171 countries from 1971 to 2010, we provide evidence that protest …
How does fiscal consolidation impact on income inequality?
2012
In this paper, we assess the impact of fiscal consolidation on income inequality. Using a panel of 18 industrialized countries from 1978 to 2009, we find that income inequality significantly rises during periods of fiscal consolidation. In addition, while fiscal policy that is driven by spending cuts seems to be detrimental for income distribution, tax hikes seem to have an equalizing effect. We also show that the size of the fiscal consolidation program (in percentage of GDP) has an impact on income inequality. In particular, when consolidation plans represent a small share of GDP, the income gap widens, suggesting that the burden associated with the effort affects disproportionately house…
Effects of acute amitriptyline administration on memory, anxiety and activity in male and female mice
2002
The effects of acute administration of amitriptyline on memory consolidation in male and female CD1 mice were investigated. Three doses of this tricyclic antidepressant (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg) were administered immediately after inhibitory avoidance training. Forty-five minutes after injection, subjects explored the elevated plus-maze for five minutes. Subjects were tested for avoidance twenty-four hours later. Amitriptyline impaired inhibitory avoidance consolidation at doses 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg in males, and at doses 7.5 and 30 mg/kg in females. In the elevated plus-maze, amitriptyline had no effect on anxiety (percentage of open arm entries) and induced a dose-dependent impairment of act…
On the use of a powder rheometer to characterize the powder flowability at low consolidation with torque resistances
2017
The Anton Paar Powder Cell was used to measure the torque necessary to rotate an impeller in beds of glass beads, sand and alumina powders aerated between no aeration to the minimum for fluidization. Measured torque values depend on the material tested, on the air flow rate applied, on the impeller depth and on the height of the impeller blade. The effect of the impeller depth is linear for low impeller depth and is less than linear at high depth values. A model was developed for the interpretation of the experimental results based on the idea that the material is shearing on the surface described by the impeller rotation. The model allows to estimate an effectiveness of the impeller in the…