Search results for " Capacity"
showing 10 items of 902 documents
The relation between cycling time to exhaustion and anaerobic threshold.
1990
This study investigated whether the anaerobic threshold (AnT) could be used to predict prolonged work capacity measured as cycling time to exhaustion (= endurance time) and which factors, in addition to relative exercise intensity, could explain variation in endurance time. Theoretical exercise intensities corresponding to certain endurance times were also calculated. The hyperbolic and exponential functions between cycling time and relative work rate (WR[%]), as well as between cycling time and relative oxygen uptake (VO2[%]) were fitted to the pooled data (n = 45) of 17 subjects. The WR(%) and VO2(%) were expressed as a percentage of the subject's own AnT- and maximum-values. At WR corres…
Physical and psychosocial prerequisites of functioning in relation to work ability and general subjective well-being among office workers
2002
Objectives The purpose of the study was to investigate the physical and psychological prerequisites of functioning, as well as the social environment at work and personal factors, in relation to work ability and general subjective well-being in a group of office workers. Methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional investigation, using path analysis, of office workers. The subjects comprised 88 volunteers, 24 men and 64 women, from the same workplace [mean age 45.7 (SD 8.6) years]. The independent variables were measured using psychosocial and physical questionnaires and physical measurements. The first dependent variable, work ability, was measured by a work ability index. The secon…
Potent bronchoprotective effect of deep inspiration and its absence in asthma
2000
In the absence of deep inspirations, healthy individuals develop bronchoconstriction with methacholine inhalation. One hypothesis is that deep inspiration results in bronchodilation. In this study, we tested an alternative hypothesis, that deep inspiration acts as a bronchoprotector. Single-dose methacholine bronchoprovocations were performed after 20 min of deep breath inhibition, in nine healthy subjects and in eight asthmatics, to establish the dose that reduces forced expiratory volume in 1 s by >15%. The provocation was repeated with two and five deep inspirations preceding methacholine. Additional studies were carried out to assess optimization and reproducibility of the protocol …
Bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled adenosine 5′-monophosphate in subjects with allergic rhinitis
2001
Adenosine and its related nucleotide, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) induce bronchoconstriction in asthmatics, probably caused by histamine release from airway mast cells. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inhaled AMP on lung function in subjects with allergic rhinitis.A total of 52 adults (28 subjects with allergic rhinitis, 14 asthmatics and 10 healthy subjects) were challenged with increasing concentrations of AMP and methacholine. Airflow was assessed after each concentration and the response to each bronchoconstrictor agent was measured by the provocative concentration required to produce a 20% fall (PC20) in forced expired volume in one second (FEV1).All 14 …
Deep inspiration-induced changes in lung volume decrease with severity of asthma
2007
Summary We have previously reported that the magnitude of deep inspiration (DI)-induced bronchodilation is only slightly reduced in mild asthmatics, compared to healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether increased severity of asthma is associated with impairment in the ability of DI to induce changes in lung volume. Thirty-six consecutive asthmatics recruited from the Pulmonary and the Allergy Outpatient Clinics of the Institute of Respiratory Diseases of the University of Palermo were divided into 3 groups: Intermittent (I), Mild Persistent (MP) and Moderate–Severe (MS), based on GINA guidelines. Single dose methacholine (Mch) bronchoprovocations were performed in the …
Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Beneficial Effect of Deep Inspiration in Asthma
2005
Deep inspiration-induced bronchoprotection and bronchodilation are impaired in asthma. We evaluated the effect of inhaled glucocorticosteroids on these phenomena. Two groups of subjects with asthma, 9 with moderate/severe hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, and 12 with mild/borderline hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, received inhaled fluticasone (880 microg daily) for 12 weeks. Serial bronchoprovocations were performed at Weeks 0, 6, and 12. The impact of deep inspirations on the airway response to methacholine was evaluated on the basis of inspiratory vital capacity and FEV(1). Fluticasone produced a wide spectrum of changes in the beneficial effects of deep inspiration, but the mean …
The effect of challenge method on methacholine-induced changes in sensitivity and air trapping
2010
Summary Background The methacholine challenge test performed with the tidal breathing method induces a greater fall in FEV 1 than the dosimeter method; however, the effect of the challenge method on methacholine-induced fall in FVC has not been investigated. Objective To determine the influence of the challenge method on methacholine-induced changes in FEV 1 and FVC. Methods Airway responsiveness to methacholine was determined by dosimeter method and tidal breathing method in 37 subjects with suspected asthma. The dosimeter was modified to deliver an identical volume to that obtained with the tidal breathing method and the same nebulizer model was used for the two challenges. The response w…
Effect of QVA149 on lung volumes and exercise tolerance in COPD patients: The BRIGHT study
2014
Summary Introduction QVA149 is a novel, inhaled, once-daily dual bronchodilator containing a fixed-dose combination of the long-acting β 2 -agonist indacaterol and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237), for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study evaluated the effects of QVA149 on exercise tolerance, hyperinflation, lung function and lung volumes versus placebo and tiotropium. Methods Patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomized to QVA149 110/50 μg, placebo or tiotropium 18 μg once daily in a blinded, 3-period crossover study for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was exercise endurance time at Day 21 for QVA149 versus placebo. R…
Measurement of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide: Comparison of Three Different Analysers
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a surrogate marker for airway inflammation, supporting the diagnostic pathway and treatment decisions for asthma patients. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Aim of this study was to compare the new analyser Vivatmo pro (Bosch, BV) with NIOX VERO (Circassia, CN) and CLD (Ecomedics, EC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 100 asthmatics (median 53 years [range 20–87], 62% female, 86% on inhaled corticosteroids [mean 1,300 μg beclomethasone dipropionate or equivalent], 35% treated with biologics) 2 FeNO measurements per device were performed. Additionally, the success rate…
Serum low density lipoprotein subclasses in asthma
2013
Summary Background The levels of serum low-density lipoproteins (LDL) have been implicated in the inflammatory cascade in a murine model of asthma. Recent findings suggest that LDL may modulate the inflammatory state of the asthmatic airways in humans. Objective We explored whether LDL subclasses are associated with the occurrence and severity of asthma. Methods 24 asthmatics (M/F: 11/13) and 24 healthy individuals, with normal BMI and absence of metabolic syndrome, matched for age and gender. Serum concentrations of LDL subclasses were distributed as seven bands (LDL-1 and -2 defined as large, least pro-inflammatory LDL, and LDL-3 to −7 defined as small, most pro-inflammatory LDL), using t…