Search results for " Capacity"

Classification of Solutions to the Minimum Energy Problem in One Dimensional Sensor Networks

2016

We classify of the minimum energy problem in one dimensional wireless sensor networks for the data transmission cost matrix which is a power function of the distance between transmitter and receiver with any real exponent. We show, how these solutions can be utilized to solve the minimum energy problem for the data transmission cost matrix which is a linear combination of two power functions. We define the minimum energy problem in terms of the sensors signal power, transmission time and capacities of transmission channels. We prove, that for the point-to-point data transmission method utilized by the sensors in the physical layer, when the transmitter adjust the power of its radio signal t…

Maximum Lifetime Problem in Sensor Networks with Limited Channel Capacity

2016

We analyze the maximum lifetime problem in sensor networks with limited channel capacity for multipoint-to-multipoint and broadcast data transmission services. For the transmission model in which the transmitter adjust the power of its radio signal to the distance to the receiver we propose a new Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio function and use it to modify the Shannon-Hartley channel capacity formula. We show, that in order to achieve an optimal data transmission regarding considered the maximum lifetime problem we cannot allow for any interference of signals. For considered transmission model and the modified capacity formula we solve the maximum lifetime problem in one dimensiona…

Aging of the musculoskeletal system: How the loss of estrogen impacts muscle strength.

2019

Skeletal muscle weakness occurs with aging and in females this is compounded by the loss of estrogen with ovarian failure. Estrogen deficiency mediates decrements in muscle strength from both inadequate preservation of skeletal muscle mass and decrements in the quality of the remaining skeletal muscle. Processes and components of skeletal muscle that are affected by estrogens are beginning to be identified. This review focuses on mechanisms that contribute to the loss of muscle force generation when estrogen is low in females, and conversely the maintenance of strength by estrogen. Evidence is accumulating that estrogen deficiency induces apoptosis in skeletal muscle contributing to loss of…

Effects of Exergaming in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Compared to Conventional Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

2022

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are used for improving prognosis and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nonetheless, adherence to these programs is low, and exercise-based CR programs based on virtual reality (i.e., exergaming) have been proposed as an alternative to conventional CR programs. However, whether exergaming programs are superior to conventional CR programs in patients with CVD is not known. Objective: This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to explore whether exergaming enhances exercise capacity, quality of life, mental health, motivation, and exercise adherence to a greater extent than conventional CR…

Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen fertilizer recovery in old and modern wheat genotypes grown in the presence or absence of interspecific competition

2015

Choosing genotypes with a high capacity for taking up nitrogen (N) from the soil and the ability to efficiently compete with weeds for this nutrient is essential to increasing the sustainability of cropping systems that are less dependent on auxiliary inputs. This research aimed to verify whether differences exist in N uptake and N fertilizer recovery capacity among wheat genotypes and, if so, whether these differences are related to a different competitive ability against weeds of wheat genotypes. To this end, 12 genotypes, varying widely in morphological traits and year of release, were grown in the presence or absence of interspecific competition (using Avena sativa L. as a surrogate wee…

Characterizing and Quantifying Frustration in Quantum Many-Body Systems

2011

We present a general scheme for the study of frustration in quantum systems. We introduce a universal measure of frustration for arbitrary quantum systems and we relate it to a class of entanglement monotones via an exact inequality. If all the (pure) ground states of a given Hamiltonian saturate the inequality, then the system is said to be inequality saturating. We introduce sufficient conditions for a quantum spin system to be inequality saturating and confirm them with extensive numerical tests. These conditions provide a generalization to the quantum domain of the Toulouse criteria for classical frustration-free systems. The models satisfying these conditions can be reasonably identifi…

A Logic Fuzzy Model for Evaluation of the Railway Station’s Practice Capacity in Safety Operating Conditions

2013

Abstract The practice capacity of a railway junction depends, in addition to the effective operation’s conditions, by the potential risk factors related to the design plan of the railway station. With the aim of an approach based on the “fuzzy sets” it is possible to determine the numeric value of the practice capacity by the logic - qualitative relations between the features of the railway junction and the potential risk factors. This methodology permits to try out the absolute value of a suitable vector β, (less then the unit) for the utilization of the theoretic capacity in conditions of maximum reliability of the system related to the aspect of safety (technique “fail safe”).

Physical disability in community-dwelling older people after hip fracture : randomized controlled trials with physical rehabilitation

2013

Entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria y la electroestimulación muscular funcional en el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca con función s…

2019

SEC 2017: Congreso de las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares Introducción y objetivos No se dispone de tratamientos farmacológicos que demuestren reducir la morbimortalidad asociada en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca y función sistólica conservada (IC-FEc). El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar si en pacientes con IC-FEc, el entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria (EMI), la electroestimulación muscular funcional (EMF) o la combinación de ambas (EMI + EMF) puede mejorar la capacidad funcional, calidad de vida, parámetros de disfunción diastólica o biomarcadores a las 12 y 24 semanas. Métodos Un total de 61 pacientes estables con IC-FEc (clase funcional de la New York Heart Associ…

Heat capacity and thermal conductivity of multiferroics Bi1-xPrxFeO3

2019

The heat capacity and thermal conductivity of multiferroics Bi1–xPrxFeO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.50) has been studied in the temperature range of 130–800 K. A slight substitution of praseodymium for bismuth is found to lead to a noticeable shift of the antiferromagnetic phase transition temperature whilst the heat capacity increases. The temperature dependences of the heat capacity and thermal conductivity exhibit additional anomalies during phase transitions. The experimental results suggest that the excess heat capacity can be attributed to the Schottky effect for three-level states. The basic mechanisms of the heat transfer of phonons are highlighted and the dependence of the mean free path on temper…