Search results for " Capital"
showing 10 items of 1008 documents
Between a ‘student abroad’ and ‘being from Latvia’: inequalities of access, prestige, and foreign-earned cultural capital
2017
This paper visualises tertiary-level students who study abroad as simultaneously both international students and members of an emerging diaspora. Coming from a country (Latvia) which is peripheral and relatively poor by European standards, students go abroad for multiple reasons not necessarily directly connected with study (e.g. family reasons, labour migration); yet their evolving diasporic status is instrumentalised by the Latvian government which wants them to return and contribute to the country’s development. Based on 27 in-depth interviews with Latvian students and graduates who have studied abroad, our analysis focuses on three interlinked dimensions of inequality: access to educati…
Social class and university graduates’ overqualification: testing two mediated relationships
2018
[EN] University graduates’ overqualification (i.e., having more education, qualification and/or skills than one’s job requires) has important negative consequences. However, much less is known about its antecedents. This represents an important gap in the literature. In order to fill this gap, the goal of this study is to test a mediational model on the antecedents of university graduates’ overqualification (OQ). We posit that social class is negatively related to OQ through two mediational links: a) via social capital, and b) via social capital and tolerance towards OQ. The results obtained in a sample of 144 university graduates provided support for the second mediational link, so that so…
Are Universities Ready to Face the Knowledge-Based Economy?
2002
It is generally agreed that the two main functions of universities are to transmit high level knowledge and to produce new knowledge. For centuries, these two functions were performed in a context in which only a small share of the relevant age cohort attended higher education institutions. After the Second World War, this context changed radically and higher education began to face more or less continuous growth. This has led to the situation that, in the developed economies, more than 40 per cent of the younger generation now attend third-level institutions (cf. Teichler, 2000).
Rethinking the Finance of Post-Compulsory Education
2010
Throughout the world, the finance of education is in serious crisis. The crisis of educational finance is not limited to the problem of meeting the obligations of societies to provide some minimum amount of compulsory education for their students. This minimum does not assure the preparation of an appropriately trained labour force in a world that is increasingly technicological and in which a competitive economy requires the remplacement of traditional production processes with others based on sophisticated labour and capital. The rapid growth of post-compulsory systems of education is no longer a luxury, but a necessity for industrialization and economic development.
Participation in job-related lifelong learning among well-educated employees in the Nordic countries
2016
The purpose of this study was to explore participation in job-related lifelong learning (LLL) among well-educated mature workers and compare it across four Nordic countries. Although this group generally is very active in LLL, the centrality of knowledge work in society, rapid pace of skills-renewal and rising learning demands for all qualifications levels, necessitates a better understanding of the patterns and factors affecting their skill development. The paper builds on theories of learning motivation, human capital and workplace learning. Data from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) by the OECD were used. In addition to high participation rates, systematic level differences in particip…
Getting support in polarized societies: Income, social networks, and socioeconomic context
2013
AbstractThis paper explores how unequal resources and social and economic polarization affects the size of social networks and their use to access resources. We argue that individual resource position generates divergent expectations with regard to the impact of polarization on the size of networks on one hand, and their usefulness for accessing resources on the other. Social and economic polarization encourages reliance on informal networks, but those at the bottom of the social structure are forced to rely on more extensive networks than the wealthy to compensate for their isolated and underprivileged position. At the same time, social and economic polarization limits the resources the po…
The Role of Culture in Regional Development Work — Changes and Tensions
2015
A worldwide trend in the integration of culture into regional development strategies has been taking place since the 1990s. This is a trend in which towns and cities have adopted culture-led development strategies in the hope of strengthening their competitive position (Miles and Paddison, 2005: 833–839). In China culture has even been regarded as a significant resource in village development strategies (Oakes, 2006: 13–37). The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) report Culture and Local Development (2005) recommends the strengthening of communities’ cultural capital through education and work practice, as this is believed to have a beneficial effect on local and r…
Towards E-Government in a Sub-Saharan African Country
2006
ABSTRACT The use of information communication technologies (ICT) in governance is growing rapidly in many parts of the world. Developing countries in Africa are also making efforts to harness the new technology. In this paper, we provide useful insights regarding the impediments and initiatives of e-government in Nigeria, a Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country. The main problems facing the emergence of e-government in Nigeria have their roots in socioeconomic inadequacies that have plagued several countries in the SSA region. Some of the problems discussed include poor organizational skills, attitudinal problems, inadequate infrastructural support, and poor or unavailable human capital resourc…
Labour insertion of Italian Professionals in Valencia: Between Emerging and Traditional Professions
2021
This paper presents the first results of a case study of Italian professionals’ mobility to the city of Valencia (Spain), highlighting the heterogeneity of the labor insertion paths within and between groups of emerging and traditional professionals. A qualitative method was used: 25 in-depth interviews and a two-year observation in virtual and real communities were carried out. According to our analysis, the heterogeneity of the labor insertion itineraries, revealed by the migrants’ narratives, can be understood by taking account of the various combinations of social, economic, and cultural capital with which the Italian professionals were endowed.
Potential Emigration of Latvian Labour Force After Joining the EU and its Impact on Latvian Labour Market
2003
This paper uses empirical evidence from several sources to shed light on patterns of mobility of Latvian labour force during the transition period as well as in the years to come. Updated inter-regional migration rates show that Latvian population is relatively mobile compared to some other European nations. Other things equal, during the transition period people were more likely to leave districts with low wage levels and to enter the ones where earnings are higher, despite many countervailing factors; outflow rates tended to be larger from high unemployment regions. Analysis of individual migration decisions made in 1989-1999 and migration plans for 1999-2002 confirms significance of econ…