Search results for " Cavity"

showing 10 items of 472 documents

Photon localization versus population trapping in a coupled-cavity array

2014

We consider a coupled-cavity array (CCA), where one cavity interacts with a two-level atom under the rotating-wave approximation. We investigate the excitation transport dynamics across the array, which arises in the atom's emission process into the CCA vacuum. Due to the known formation of atom-photon bound states, partial field localization and atomic population trapping in general take place. We study the functional dependance on the coupling strength of these two phenomena and show that the threshold values beyond which they become significant are different. As the coupling strength grows from zero, field localization is exhibited first.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum Physicscavity array quantum transport open quantum systems cavity QEDPhotonQuantum decoherenceField (physics)PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesTrappingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomBound stateAtomic physicseducationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Excitation
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Cross-Kerr nonlinearity: a stability analysis

2015

We analyse the combined effect of the radiation-pressure and cross-Kerr nonlinearity on the stationary solution of the dynamics of a nanomechanical resonator interacting with an electromagnetic cavity. Within this setup, we show how the optical bistability picture induced by the radiation-pressure force is modified by the presence of the cross-Kerr interaction term. More specifically, we show how the optically bistable region, characterising the pure radiation-pressure case, is reduced by the presence of a cross-Kerr coupling term. At the same time, the upper unstable branch is extended by the presence of a moderate cross-Kerr term, while it is reduced for larger values of the cross-Kerr co…

Physicsradiation-pressureQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsBistabilitylcsh:MathematicsDynamics (mechanics)Physics::OpticsFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:QA1-939Stability (probability)Molecular physicsOptical bistabilityTerm (time)mesoscale and nanoscale physicsNonlinear systemCoupling (physics)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology42.50.Wk 81.07.Oj 05.45.-aElectromagnetic cavitycross-Kerr nonlinearityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)kvanttifysiikkaQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Microbiome in Embryonic Implantation and Implantation Failure

2017

The latest advances in microbial detection with next-generation sequencing have enabled the study of low biomass microbiomes of tissues and organs previously considered sterile, such as the endometrium. Most recently an abnormal endometrial microbiota has been associated with implantation failure, pregnancy loss, as well as other gynecological and obstetrical conditions. Further investigation of the reproductive tract microbiome in physiological and pathological conditions will allow researchers to unravel the role of bacterial communities and its function in the uterine cavity before, during, and after pregnancy. As knowledge of the reproductive tract microbiome evolves, there are data whi…

Pregnancymedicine.anatomical_structureImplantation failureReproductive tractmedicinePhysiologyUterine cavityMicrobiomeBiologymedicine.diseaseEndometriumUterine microbiomeEmbryonic stem cell
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Systematic review of chewing simulators : reality and reproducibility of in vitro studies

2020

Background The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the types of human chewing simulator described in scientific literature. Material and Methods An electronic search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy included 10 search terms: “in vitro”; “dental materials”; “shear strength”; “fatigue fracture”; “bite force”; “prosthetic materials”; “chewing simulator”; “chewing machine”; “simulated mastication”; and “dental wear simulator.” Two researchers worked independently to assess the titles and abstracts of the articles. The quality of the in vitro trials selected was evaluated by means of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials scale. Resul…

Prosthetic DentistryComputer scienceScale (chemistry)Dental WearConsolidated Standards of Reporting TrialsReviewScientific literatureOral cavityForce sensorstomatognathic diseasesSearch termsstomatognathic systemHuman–computer interactionGeneral DentistryMasticationUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS
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Oral enzymatic detoxification system: Insights obtained from proteome analysis to understand its potential impact on aroma metabolization

2021

The oral cavity is an entry path into the body, enabling the intake of nutrients but also leading to the ingestion of harmful substances. Thus, saliva and oral tissues contain enzyme systems that enable the early neutralization of xenobiotics as soon as they enter the body. Based on recently published oral proteomic data from several research groups, this review identifies and compiles the primary detoxification enzymes (also known as xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes) present in saliva and the oral epithelium. The functions and the metabolic activity of these enzymes are presented. Then, the activity of these enzymes in saliva, which is an extracellular fluid, is discussed with regard to the…

ProteomicsSalivaProteomeContext (language use)03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDetoxificationdetoxification enzymesAroma030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classificationMouth0303 health sciencessalivabiologyChemistryfood and beveragesMetabolismbiology.organism_classification3. Good healthstomatognathic diseasesEnzymeBiochemistryaroma030220 oncology & carcinogenesisOdorantsProteomeoral cavityXenobioticmetabolism[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood Science
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The use of video-assisted thoracic surgery in the management of Pancoast tumours

2010

We describe our experience using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) as an adjunct to the surgical management of Pancoast tumors. Between March 2004 and November 2009, 13 patients with Pancoast tumors were included in this study. Surgery was performed by positioning the patient to allow either an anterior or a posterior thoracotomy. VATS was employed to explore the pleural cavity, to optimize the surgical access and as an assistance during surgical resection. Three patients with pleural carcinosis at thoracoscopy did not undergo further surgery. Seven lobectomies and three wedge resections were performed with an en bloc chest-wall resection and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. The surgical a…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCarcinosismedicine.medical_treatmentBlood Loss SurgicalGeneral thoracic surgerySuperior sulcus tumorsPatient PositioningGeneral thoracic surgery; Lung cancer; Superior sulcus tumorsPancoast tumorPneumonectomymedicineThoracoscopyHumansThoracotomyPneumonectomyAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryThoracic Surgery Video-AssistedMediastinumPancoast SyndromePleural cavityLength of StayMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNeoadjuvant TherapySurgerySettore MED/18 - Chirurgia Generalemedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeItalyThoracotomyCardiothoracic surgeryChemotherapy AdjuvantLymph Node ExcisionSurgeryFemaleRadiotherapy AdjuvantRadiologyLung cancerCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness
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A comparative analysis of Pancoast tumour resection performed via video-assisted thoracic surgery versus standard open approaches.

2014

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present paper was to conduct a comparative analysis of outcomes after thoracoscopic resection versus standard thoracotomy approach in the treatment of Pancoast tumours. METHODS: All consecutive patients with Pancoast tumours undergoing surgical treatment from March 2000 to November 2012 were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether a thoracoscopic or standard thoracotomy approach was adopted. In addition to morbidity and mortality, (i) intensity of pain; (ii) respiratory function focusing on the postoperative value and its variation with respect to the predicted value (Delta); (iii) analgesic consumption at different times during the post…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyVital capacityTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentSettore MED/21 - Chirurgia ToracicaKaplan-Meier EstimatePreoperative carePancoast tumour; Superior sulcus tumour; Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection; Surgery; ThoracotomyPancoast tumorRisk FactorsmedicineHumansRespiratory functionNeoplasm InvasivenessThoracotomyLung cancerPneumonectomySurvival rateAgedNeoplasm StagingPain MeasurementRetrospective StudiesAnalgesicsPain Postoperativebusiness.industryThoracic Surgery Video-AssistedSuperior sulcus tumourPancoast SyndromeRecovery of FunctionPleural cavityMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgerySettore MED/18 - Chirurgia Generalemedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeItalyThoracotomyAnesthesiaPancoast tumourVideo-assisted thoracoscopic resectionSurgeryFemaleLung cancerCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessInteractive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
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Rhinomanometry: point of care test (POCT) for allergic rhinitis in children?

2021

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem: its prevalence is 23% in Europe, although it is underestimated because as many as 45% of the cases remain undiagnosed. Globally, almost 500 million people suffer from AR, which shows its increasing incidences. The diagnostic course of AR is based on clinical history, supported by anterior rhinoscopy. This inspects the anterior part of the nasal cavity accompanied by allergic sensitivity tests (cutaneous allergic skin tests or specific immunoglobulin E levels). The availability of standardised diagnostic proceduresis able to provide objective evaluations of inflammatory situation, and the degree of nasal obstruction may give an advantage in …

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineNasal cavitymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testSpecific immunoglobulin Ebusiness.industryPoint-of-care testingImmunologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureClinical historymedicineImmunology and AllergyNarrative reviewIn patientObjective evaluationRhinomanometryIntensive care medicinebusinessAllergologia et Immunopathologia
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Sub-200-kHz single soliton generation in a long ring Er-fiber laser with strict polarization control by using twisted fiber

2020

Abstract In the present work we demonstrate a novel single-soliton ultra-low pulse repetition frequency passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. We mitigate the residual linear birefringence of fiber by fiber twist to achieve a strict control of polarization. For mode-locking the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) was used. Special technique was applied to reduce the overdriving of NPR that allows the generation of single soliton in ultra-long cavity. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propagating in the cavity and the regimes of generation. A 192.12-kHz train of soliton pulses was obtained with pulse duration o…

Pulse repetition frequencyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Fiber laser0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsolitonsultra-long laser cavityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTwistmode-locked fiber lasersPhysicsbusiness.industrynonlinear opticsUNESCO::FÍSICAPulse durationNonlinear opticsNonlinear polarizationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsoverdriving nonlinear effectsSolitonbusiness
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Optomechanical Two-Photon Hopping

2023

The hopping mechanism plays a key role in collective phenomena emerging in many-body physics. The ability to create and control systems that display this feature is important for next generation quantum technologies. Here we study two cavities separated by a vibrating two-sided perfect mirror and show that, within currently available experimental parameters, this system displays photon-pair hopping between the two electromagnetic resonators. In particular, the two-photon hopping is not due to tunneling, but rather to higher order resonant processes. Starting from the classical problem, where the vibrating mirror perfectly separates the two sides of the cavity, we quantize the system and the…

Quantum PhysicsMicromechanical &ampnanomechanical oscillatorGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhoton hoppingOptomechanicQuantum cavityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia
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