Search results for " Central"
showing 10 items of 560 documents
A rare case of sepsis due to Corynebacterium macginleyi from central venous catheter in an elderly woman
2011
Corynebacterium macginleyi is a gram positive rod that causes especially ocular infections: since now only six elderly cases of extraocular infection are described. A 76 years old bedridden woman with a central venous catheter was hospitalized for 10 days of persistent fever. She was treated before with vancomicin and then with imipenem. The clinical conditions improved and the patient was discharged after two weeks of hospitalization. Among recognised risk factors for this infection the advanced age, indwelling devices and immunosuppression seem the most important. On the other hand, the antibiotics of choice are glycopeptides while the association of another antibiotic is recommended in o…
Umbilical venous catheters placement evaluation on frontal radiogram: application of a simplified flow-chart for radiology residents
2017
Background: Umbilical Venous Catheter (UVC) are commonly used in neonatal period; they can be not correctly positioned and could be associated with complications. The purpose of this article is to suggest a flow-chart to evaluate the placement of UVC, testing it in young radiologists-in-training. Method: We developed a simple flow-chart to asses, steps by step, UVC placement considering its course and tip location (ideally placed in the atriocaval junction). We tested the flow-chart impact asking to 20 residents to evaluate the placement of 10 UVC before and after they familiarized with the flow-chart and the anatomical findings of a newborn. The agreement among the 20 students was evaluate…
A quality improvement study on the reduction of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections by use of self-disinfecting venous access c…
2020
Background Contamination of the catheter hub is an important source of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI); catheter hub caps incorporating a 70% isopropyl alcohol aim are designed to reduce contamination and hence CLABSI rates. Supporting data in high-risk hematological and oncological patients on the clinical effectiveness of this approach are sparse. Methods We conducted a before-after single center study accompanying the introduction of such caps at our department. Retrospective data from the year prior to the introduction were compared to 1 year of prospective data. Results The control and antiseptic barrier cap (ABC) groups consisted of 309 and 289 patients present…
Comparison of central venous catheterization with and without ultrasound guide
2003
Purpose: To compare the effectiveness, safety and time needed to perform central venous catheterization (CVC) in the presence or absence of an ultrasound (US) guide. Methods: Between January 1999 and February 2002 we performed CVCs in 196 patients: 105 patients received US guided CVC (group I) and 91 patients had CVC without US guide (group II). Results: The average time to perform CVC was shorter with US guide (4 vs 7min). The utilization of the US guide was also associated with improved success (98.09% vs 91.2%, p < 0.025) and lack of major complications (0% vs 9.8%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: US-guided CVC affords an easier, safer and more rapid cannulation of a central vein. It is especia…
Natural Course, Clinical Profile, and Treatment Strategies for Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
2022
A large body of evidence has suggested that the natural biology for symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) is dynamic. These lesions exhibit a temporal clustering epiphenomenon and usually manifest with multispectral clinical patterns, the most relevant being hemorrhagic and seizurogenic events. Most patients with cerebral cavernous malformations are asymptomatic, and the lesions are detected as incidentalomas. However, association with the CCM3 gene, Zabramski type I and II lesions, and brainstem location have the propensity to increase the bleeding events. The rebleeding risk is 20%/year per lesion, which supports the need for surgical strategies for brainstem cavernous malfo…
Brain and Cancer: The Protective Role of Erythropoietin
2005
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a pleiotropic agent, that is to say, it can act on several cell types in different ways. An independent system Epo/Epo receptor (EpoR) was detected in brain, leading to the hypothesis that this hormone could be involved in cerebral functions. Epo/EpoR expression changes during ontogenesis, thus indicating the importance of this system in neurodevelopment. Moreover, the hypoxia-induced production of Epo in the adult brain suggests that it could exert a neurotrophic and neuroprotective effect in case of brain injury. Epo could also influence neuro- transmission, inducing neurotransmitters (NT) release. Epo therapy in anemic cancer patients is still a controversial issu…
Influence of resin cement shade on the color and translucency of zirconia crowns
2020
Background Zirconia crowns are highly attractive for clinicians, although have poor translucency when used as single restorations, in addition to unknown effect of resin cement shade on final cemented crown shade. This study aimed to assess effect of resin cement opacity on color replication potential of different zirconia frameworks with target tooth color, in addition to different zirconia crowns translucency evaluation. Material and methods Twenty-four zirconia crown restorations were fabricated to restore single central maxillary incisor for 8 patients, divided into 3 groups according to color and type of zirconia used (white Zr core, colored Zr core and monolithic HT Zrcowns). Each gro…
Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil and Linalool Counteract Social Aversion Induced by Social Defeat
2018
Many vegetable extracts, essential oils, and their main constituents are active on the Central Nervous System (CNS). In fact, they have been used as sedatives, hypnotics, or tranquilizers for their activity in treating CNS disorders. In this research, we studied the possible activities of Lavandula angustifolia (LA) essential oil and of its main constituent, linalool, as anti-stress compounds on anxiety and social interaction and their in vitro effects on proteins (pERK and PKA) involved in the transmission of the signal. An acute intraperitoneal injection of linalool (100 mg/kg) and of LA essential oil (200 mg/kg) reduced motor activity without any anxiolytic effect, but significantly incr…
Vascular Malformation of the Central Nervous System
2022
Healthcare-associated central nervous system infections.
2022
Purpose of review The aim of this review is to provide a practical and updated summary on healthcare-associated central nervous system infections and their management. Recent findings The term ‘healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis’ has recently been coined and clinical practical guidelines have been published on the management of these nosocomial infections. Many aspects have still to be further investigated (e.g. cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, indications for novel antibiotics, intrathecal antimicrobial regimens). Summary Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for healthcare-associated central nervous system infections in patients with specific risk factors (i.…