Search results for " Character"

showing 10 items of 1756 documents

Self-assembled multivalent (SAMul) ligand systems with enhanced stability in the presence of human serum

2019

Self-assembled cationic micelles are an attractive platform for binding biologically-relevant polyanions such as heparin. This has potential applications in coagulation control, where a synthetic heparin rescue agent could be a useful replacement for protamine, which is in current clinical use. However, micelles can have low stability in human serum and unacceptable toxicity profiles. This paper reports the optimi- sation of self-assembled multivalent (SAMul) arrays of amphiphilic ligands to bind heparin in competitive conditions. Specifically, modification of the hydrophobic unit kinetically stabilises the self-assembled nanostructures, preventing loss of binding ability in the presence of…

02 engineering and technologyheparinLigands01 natural sciencesMicelleGeneral Materials ScienceMicellesnanomaterialsMolecular StructurenanotechnologybiologyChemistrybiomaterialself-assemblyHeparinsimulation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCholesterolhydrolysisThermodynamics0210 nano-technologyHydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactionsbiomaterialsmedicine.drugBiocompatibilityCell Survivalmicellesexperimental characterizationserum albuminBiomedical EngineeringSerum albuminself-assembly; nanotechnology; biomaterials; simulation; experimental characterization010402 general chemistrySurface-Active Agentsthermodynamicsbiocompatibilitytoxicity testingAmphiphilemedicineHumansMTT assaycoagulationhydrophobicityHeparinLigandligandscholesteroltoxicitybinding capacityProtaminemolecular dynamicsNanostructures0104 chemical sciencesKineticsblood serumbiology.proteinBiophysicshuman cell linesanions
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A numerical model for pre-monitoring design of historical colonnade courtyards: The case study of chiaramonte palace in palermo

2016

This paper proposes a numerical model that can be used for theoretical and experimental dynamic characterization of historical colonnade courtyards. Such an architectural element appears often in buildings of historical heritage and, especially under seismic excitation, it represents the most vulnerable structural part. Therefore, it is very important to have reliable as well as simple models available for vulnerability analysis, to evaluate different reinforcing systems if needed, or to plan dynamic characterization tests or monitoring campaigns, as in the present case. Chiaramonte Palace, a wonderful example of the historical heritage of Palermo, is investigated as case study. Firstly, a …

0211 other engineering and technologiesDynamic characterization02 engineering and technologyBuilding and ConstructionHistorical heritageArchaeologyCourtyards codelingFinite element modellingCalibration procedure020303 mechanical engineering & transportsSignal analysis0203 mechanical engineering021105 building & constructionColonnadeHistorical heritageGeology
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Comparison of fully non-stationary artificial accelerogram generation methods in reproducing seismicity at a given site

2020

Abstract Seismic input modelling is a crucial step when Non-Linear Time-History Analyses (NLTHAs) are performed, the seismic response of structures being highly responsive to the input employed. When natural accelerograms able to represent local seismicity are not available, the use of generated accelerograms is an efficient solution for input modelling. The aim of the present paper is to compare four methods for generating fully non-stationary artificial accelerograms on the basis of a target spectrum, identified using seven recorded accelerograms registered in the neighbourhood of the construction site during a single event, assumed as target accelerograms. For each method, seven accelero…

0211 other engineering and technologiesSoil Science020101 civil engineeringSpectrum-compatible02 engineering and technologyInduced seismicity0201 civil engineeringSet (abstract data type)Intensity measure parametermedicinePoint (geometry)Seismic site characteristic021101 geological & geomatics engineeringCivil and Structural EngineeringEvent (probability theory)Basis (linear algebra)business.industryFully non-stationaryStiffnessStructural engineeringGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologySettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniArtificial accelerogrammedicine.symptombusinessEnergy (signal processing)GeologySoil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
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Two-qubit entanglement dynamics for two different non-Markovian environments

2009

We study the time behavior of entanglement between two noninteracting qubits each immersed in its own environment for two different non-Markovian conditions: a high-$Q$ cavity slightly off-resonant with the qubit transition frequency and a nonperfect photonic band-gap, respectively. We find that revivals and retardation of entanglement loss may occur by adjusting the cavity-qubit detuning, in the first case, while partial entanglement trapping occurs in non-ideal photonic-band gap.

03.67.Mn Entanglement measures witnesses and other characterizationCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum Physicsbusiness.industryDynamics (mechanics)FOS: Physical sciencesMarkov process03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox Bell's inequalities GHZ states etc.)Quantum PhysicsTrappingQuantum entanglementCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiasymbols.namesake03.67.Mn Entanglement measures witnesses and other characterizations; 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox Bell's inequalities GHZ states etc.); 03.67.Lx Quantum computation architectures and implementationsQuantum mechanicsQubitsymbolsPhotonicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)business03.67.Lx Quantum computation architectures and implementationsMathematical Physics
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Chestnuts and by-products as source of natural antioxidants in meat and meat products: A review

2018

Abstract Background Chestnuts have traditionally been used for both human and animal consumption due to their nutritional properties. During chestnut industrial processing, several by-products are generated, like chestnut wood, flowers, leaves, shells, barks and burs. These by-products constitute an important source of antioxidant compounds, which can be used as food additives to be incorporated in other food products such as meat in order to improve nutritional and quality characteristics as well as to delay oxidation processes. Scope and approach This systematic literature review evaluated the main antioxidant compounds of chestnuts by-products, including total content and profile. Moreov…

0301 basic medicine030109 nutrition & dieteticsfood.ingredientAntioxidantFood additivemedicine.medical_treatment04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesBiology040401 food scienceMicrobial inactivation03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodFood productsmedicineFood scienceQuality characteristicsBeneficial effectsFood ScienceBiotechnologyTrends in Food Science & Technology
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The torso integration hypothesis revisited in Homo sapiens: Contributions to the understanding of hominin body shape evolution.

2018

Objectives: Lower thoracic widths and curvatures track upper pelvic widths and iliac blades curvatures in hominins and other primates (torso integration hypothesis). However, recent studies suggest that sexual dimorphism could challenge this assumption in Homo sapiens. We test the torso integration hypothesis in two modern human populations, both considering and excluding the effect of sexual dimorphism. We further assess covariation patterns between different thoracic and pelvic levels, and we explore the allometric effects on torso shape variation. Material and Methods: A sex-balanced sample of 50 anatomically connected torsos (25 Mediterraneans, 25 Sub-Saharan Africans) was segmented fro…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleBlack PeopleComputed tomographyBiologyModels BiologicalWhite PeopleAnthropology Physical03 medical and health sciencesSexual dimorphismImaging Three-DimensionalmedicineBody SizeHumans0601 history and archaeologyMorphometricsGeometric morphometricsAllometrySex Characteristics060101 anthropologymedicine.diagnostic_testintegumentary systemAnthropometryTorso06 humanities and the artsAnatomyTorsoBiological EvolutionSexual dimorphismbody regions030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureBody shapeHomo sapiensAnthropologyFemaleAllometryAnatomyTomography X-Ray ComputedAmerican journal of physical anthropology
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Thermosensory mapping of skin wetness sensitivity across the body of young males and females at rest and following maximal incremental running

2019

Key points: Humans lack skin receptors for wetness (i.e. hygroreceptors), yet we present a remarkable wetness sensitivity. Afferent inputs from skin cold-sensitive thermoreceptors are key for sensing wetness; yet, it is unknown whether males and females differ in their wetness sensitivity across their body and whether high intensity exercise modulates this sensitivity. We mapped sensitivity to cold, neutral and warm wetness across five body regions and show that females are more sensitive to skin wetness than males, and that this difference is greater for cold than warm wetness sensitivity. We also show that a single bout of maximal exercise reduced the sensitivity to skin wetness (i.e. hyg…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleHot TemperaturePhysiologyRestSensationPhysiologySensory systemBiologyWetnessRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCutaneous receptorPhysical StimulationSkin Physiological PhenomenaSensationHumansThermosensingSensitivity (control systems)Skin wetnessExerciseSkinBody surface areaSex CharacteristicsFootThermoreceptorsCold Temperature030104 developmental biologyTouch PerceptionTouchThermoreceptorBody regionFemaleSexSkin Temperature030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBody Temperature Regulation
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Characterisation of a household norovirus outbreak occurred in Valencia (Spain)

2016

Background Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the main cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Several studies have linked human susceptibility to NoVs with the expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). In January 2012, a NoV gastroenteritis outbreak affected a household in Valencia, Spain, and the personal susceptibility to NoV was investigated. Methods To reach this aim 8 members of the affected household were recruited for this study and their secretor status, ABO and Lewis antigens were determined. NoV-specific saliva IgA and serum IgG antibody titers were analyzed. Their capacity to block viral binding to saliva receptors was analyzed, using virus-like particles (VLPs) of t…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleSalivaGenotypeIgGFUT2030106 microbiologyHisto-blood group antigensBiologymedicine.disease_causeDisease Outbreaks03 medical and health sciencesSecretorFecesfluids and secretionsstomatognathic systemABO blood group systemGenotypemedicineHumansChildSalivaCaliciviridae InfectionsBlood typeBinding assayFamily CharacteristicsNorovirusAntibody titerOutbreakVirus-like particlesMiddle AgedVirologyGastroenteritis030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesSusceptibilitySpainImmunologybiology.proteinNorovirusFemaleAntibodyIgAResearch ArticleBMC Infectious Diseases
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The close link between the fetal programming imprinting and neurodegeneration in adulthood: The key role of “hemogenic endothelium” programming

2021

The research on neurodegenerative diseases (NeuroDegD) has been traditionally focused on later life stages. There is now an increasing evidence, that they may be programmed during early development. Here, we propose that NeuroDegD are the result of the complex process of imprinting on fetal hemogenic endothelium, from which the microglial cells make to origin. The central role of placenta and epigenetic mechanisms (methylation of DNA, histone modifications and regulation by non-coding RNAs) in mediating the short and long-term effects has been also described. Precisely, it reports their role in impacting plasticity and memory of microglial cells. In addition, we also underline the necessity…

0301 basic medicineAgingHemangioblastsCell PlasticityRisk AssessmentEpigenesis GeneticFetal DevelopmentMolecular Imprinting03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEpigenetic factors as biomarkers Sex dimorphism Fetal developmental programming Hemogenic endothelium Microglia plasticity and memory Neurodegenerative diseasesmedicineHumansSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaEpigeneticsFetal programmingImprinting (organizational theory)Hemogenic endotheliumSex CharacteristicsBiological Variation Individualbiologybusiness.industryNeurodegenerationGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalNeurodegenerative Diseasesmedicine.diseaseLife stage030104 developmental biologyHistonePrenatal stressbiology.proteinMicrogliabusinessNeuroscienceBiomarkers030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDevelopmental BiologyMechanisms of Ageing and Development
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Effects of Study Population, Labeling and Training on Glaucoma Detection Using Deep Learning Algorithms

2020

Author(s): Christopher, Mark; Nakahara, Kenichi; Bowd, Christopher; Proudfoot, James A; Belghith, Akram; Goldbaum, Michael H; Rezapour, Jasmin; Weinreb, Robert N; Fazio, Massimo A; Girkin, Christopher A; Liebmann, Jeffrey M; De Moraes, Gustavo; Murata, Hiroshi; Tokumo, Kana; Shibata, Naoto; Fujino, Yuri; Matsuura, Masato; Kiuchi, Yoshiaki; Tanito, Masaki; Asaoka, Ryo; Zangwill, Linda M | Abstract: PurposeTo compare performance of independently developed deep learning algorithms for detecting glaucoma from fundus photographs and to evaluate strategies for incorporating new data into models.MethodsTwo fundus photograph datasets from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study/African Descent…

0301 basic medicineAginggenetic structuresFundus OculiAfrican descentPopulationBiomedical EngineeringGlaucomaPrimary careNeurodegenerativeoptic disc03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDeep LearningOpthalmology and OptometryArtificial IntelligencemedicineHumanseducationMild diseaseeducation.field_of_studyReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industrySpecial IssueDeep learningimagingartificial intelligencemedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmology030104 developmental biologyglaucomamachine learning030221 ophthalmology & optometryPopulation studyArtificial intelligencebusinessPsychologyAlgorithmAlgorithmsTranslational Vision Science & Technology
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