Search results for " Cognitive sciences"
showing 10 items of 5190 documents
Zum spezifischen Versorgungsbeitrag psychosozialer Krebsberatungsstellen – Sichtweisen der Ratsuchenden und Zuweisenden
2021
Ziel Ziel der Studie ist es, den spezifischen Versorgungsbeitrag von Krebsberatungsstellen (KBS) sowohl aus Sicht der Ratsuchenden wie aus Sicht der Zuweisenden in den Blick zu nehmen. Methodik Qualitatives Design mittels leitfadengestutzter face-to-face-Interviews mit Krebspatient/innen/Angehorigen und telefonischer Einzelinterviews mit Zuweisenden. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 43 Ratsuchende und 30 Zuweisende befragt. In Bezug auf die Beratungsinhalte werden die psychoonkologische Begleitung und Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe in Kombination mit einer sozialrechtlichen Aufklarung uber zusatzliche Unterstutzungsleistungen als zentrale Merkmale wahrgenommen. In der Gruppe der Zuweisenden scheint jedoc…
Olfaction, émotions et comportements
2015
International audience; Le nez a ses raisons que la raison ignore. Les émotions olfactives sont souvent inconscientes et vont pourtant diriger nombreux de nos comportements. Ce lien étroit entre émotion et olfaction est dû au fait que certaines régions cérébrales sont à la fois impliquées dans les processus olfactifs et émotionnels (cortex frontal et amygdale). Dans les pathologies neurodégénératives, dont la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA), ces structures vont être atteintes à des stades plus ou moins sévères de la maladie. Au-delà d’une aide au diagnostic précoce, nous avons montré que l’utilisation d’odorants pourrait aider au diagnostic différentiel entre certains troubles de l’humeur et la ma…
EL PAPEL DE LA AUTOESTIMA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DEL VIH DE JÓVENES ESPAÑOLES
2017
Abstract.THE ROLE OF SELF-ESTEEM IN HIV PREVENTION AMONG SPANISH YOUNG PEOPLE SELF-ESTEEM INFLUENCES ON SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT AND RELATIONSHIPS OF YOUNG PEOPLE.Aims to examine the effects of the self-esteem on HIV prevention, 467 young people from the Valencian Community (Mage = 20.62; SD = 2.14) completed the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Aids Prevention Questionnaire by Ballester et al. (2007). Results showed statistically significant positive correlation between self-esteem and self-efficacy in condom use (p = .000), perceived competence (p = .041) or number of sexual partners (p = .001). On the other hand, statistically significant negative correlation were found between solidarity t…
Pediatric Psychology
2021
The attention and the intervention of psychology in the field of pediatrics, especially regarding mothers and childcare, whether in a hospital or not, is extremely longstanding [...]
Positive Controls in Adults and Children Support That Very Few, If Any, New Neurons Are Born in the Adult Human Hippocampus.
2020
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was originally discovered in rodents. Subsequent studies identified the adult neural stem cells and found important links between adult neurogenesis and plasticity, behavior, and disease. However, whether new neurons are produced in the human dentate gyrus (DG) during healthy aging is still debated. We and others readily observe proliferating neural progenitors in the infant hippocampus near immature cells expressing doublecortin (DCX), but the number of such cells decreases in children and few, if any, are present in adults. Recent investigations using dual antigen retrieval find many cells stained by DCX antibodies in adult human DG. This has been interprete…
Are the Motives for Food Choices Different in Orthorexia Nervosa and Healthy Orthorexia?
2019
Recent research points to the bidimensional nature of orthorexia, with one dimension related to interest in healthy eating (healthy orthorexia) and another dimension related to a pathological preoccupation with eating healthily (orthorexia nervosa). Research was needed to provide further support for this differentiation. We examined the food-choice motives related to both aspects of orthorexia. Participants were 460 students from a Spanish university who completed the Teruel Orthorexia Scale and the Food Choice Questionnaire. By means of structural equation modeling, we analyzed the relationship between orthorexia, food-choice motives, gender, body mass index, and age. The motives predictin…
Measuring Orthorexia Nervosa: Psychometric Limitations of the ORTO-15.
2017
AbstractOrthorexia nervosa has recently been defined as excessive preoccupation with healthy eating, causing significant nutritional deficiencies and social and personal impairments. The ORTO-15 is the most widely used instrument to evaluate orthorexia nervosa, although previous studies obtained inconsistent results about its psychometric properties, and there are no data on the Spanish version. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the ORTO-15. In order to cross-validate the results, two independent samples were used (Sample 1: n = 807, 74.1% women; Sample 2: n = 242, 63.2% women). The results did not support t…
Is harsh caregiving effective in toddlers with low inhibitory control? An experimental study in the food domain
2016
International audience; The aim of our study is to evaluate the validity of the "Caregiving x Temperament Paradigm" in the food domain. In this study, two prototypes of caregiving,control have been contrasted: Harsh (forceful measures to curve the child's behavior) versus Gentle control (supportive measures to direct the child's behavior). In food domain, the most effective control to help a child to overcome initial dislike is repeated exposure. Our first objective was to test whether the repeated exposure displayed in a gentle context has a more benefical effect on dislike shifting than the one displayed in a harsh context. Our second objective was to assess whether this effect was modera…
Quantum field inspired model of decision making: Asymptotic stabilization of belief state via interaction with surrounding mental environment
2018
This paper is devoted to justification of quantum-like models of the process of decision making based on the theory of open quantum systems, i.e. decision making is considered as decoherence. This process is modeled as interaction of a decision maker, Alice, with a mental (information) environment ${\cal R}$ surrounding her. Such an interaction generates "dissipation of uncertainty" from Alice's belief-state $\rho(t)$ into ${\cal R}$ and asymptotic stabilization of $\rho(t)$ to a steady belief-state. The latter is treated as the decision state. Mathematically the problem under study is about finding constraints on ${\cal R}$ guaranteeing such stabilization. We found a partial solution of th…
Demo
2017
We present an innovative smartphone-centric tracking system for indoor and outdoor environments, based on the joint utilization of dead-reckoning and computer vision (CV) techniques. The system is explicitly designed for visually impaired people (although it could be easily generalized to other users) and it is built under the assumption that special reference signals, such as painted lines, colored tapes or tactile pavings are deployed in the environment for guiding visually impaired users along pre-defined paths. Thanks to highly optimized software, we are able to execute the CV and sensor-fusion algorithms in run-time on low power hardware such as a normal smartphone, precisely tracking …