Search results for " Color"

showing 10 items of 770 documents

Polychromatic, continuous-wave mirrorless lasing from monochromatic pumping of cesium vapor

2019

We report on studies of simultaneous continuous-wave mirrorless lasing on multiple optical transitions, realized by pumping hot cesium vapor with laser light resonant with the 6$S_{1/2}\rightarrow 8$P$_{3/2}$ transition. The multiplicity of decay paths for the excited atoms to their ground state is responsible for the emergence of lasing in a number of transitions, observed here in at least seven wavelengths in the infrared (IR), and at two wavelengths in the blue. We study the properties of the fields generated in the cesium vapor, such as optical power, directionality and optical linewidth.

Materials scienceInfraredAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsOptical power02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticsLaser linewidthOptics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWavelengthExcited stateContinuous waveMonochromatic color0210 nano-technologybusinessLasing thresholdOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Smartphone snapshot mapping of skin chromophores under triple-wavelength laser illumination

2017

Abstract Chromophore distribution maps are useful tools for skin malformation severity assessment and for monitoring of skin recovery after burns, surgeries, and other interactions. The chromophore maps can be obtained by processing several spectral images of skin, e.g., captured by hyperspectral or multispectral cameras during seconds or even minutes. To avoid motion artifacts and simplify the procedure, a single-snapshot technique for mapping melanin, oxyhemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin of in-vivo skin by a smartphone under simultaneous three-wavelength (448–532–659 nm) laser illumination is proposed and examined. Three monochromatic spectral images related to the illumination wavelengths …

Materials scienceLightMonte Carlo methodMultispectral imageBiomedical Engineeringsmartphone applicationsImage processing02 engineering and technologyDermatologylaser illumination design01 natural sciencesSkin Diseaseslaw.invention010309 opticsBiomaterialsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesmultispectral imagingHumansLightingSkinbusiness.industryLasersHyperspectral imagingskin chromophore mappingChromophore021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRGB color modelMonochromatic colorSmartphone0210 nano-technologybusiness
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One-Step Anionic Copolymerization Enables Formation of Linear Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Block Copolymer Films Featuring Vivid Structural Colors in t…

2018

Ultrahigh-molecular-weight (UHMW) tapered block copolymers (BCPs) consisting of polyisoprene-block-poly(4-methylstyrene) featuring overall molar masses in the range of 1101–2033 kg mol–1 (Mw) are synthesized via a convenient one-step anionic copolymerization protocol. The obtained UHMW BCPs are investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, size exclusion chromatography, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Microphase separation for the UHMW BCPs in the bulk state is investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing well-ordered lamellar and spherical domains with large domain sizes in the range of 100–200 nm. Excellent order and p…

Materials scienceMolar massScanning electron microscope02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesDifferential scanning calorimetryChemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopyCopolymerGeneral Materials ScienceLamellar structureSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologyStructural colorationACS applied materialsinterfaces
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Snapshot RGB mapping of skin melanin and hemoglobin.

2015

The concept of snapshot red-green-blue (RGB) multispectral imaging was applied for skin chromophore mapping. Three monochromatic spectral images have been extracted from a single RGB image dataset at simultaneous illumination of skin by 473-, 532-, and 659-nm laser lines. The spectral images were further transformed into distribution maps of skin melanin, oxyhemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin, related to pigmented and vascular skin malformations. The performance and clinical potential of the proposed technique are discussed

Materials scienceMultispectral imageBiomedical EngineeringImage processingDermoscopySensitivity and SpecificitySkin DiseasesBiomaterialsMelaninHemoglobinsOpticsHumansComputer visionTissue DistributionImage sensorSkinMelaninsintegumentary systembusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsImage segmentationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular ImagingRGB color modelSnapshot (computer storage)ColorimetryMonochromatic colorArtificial intelligencebusinessBiomarkersJournal of biomedical optics
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Use of RGB digital video analysis to study electrochemical processes involving color changes

2017

Color changes on an electrode surface during the course of electrochemical processes were monitored by in situ digital video recording. The evolution of standard red, green and blue (sRGB) intensity channels extracted from digital images showed a close relationship with the electrochemical processes taking place. In particular, the derivative of the sRGB mean intensity with respect to time (dI−/dt) gave useful insights into the electrochemical mechanism. The standard deviation (std) of the sRGB intensity provided information about the color homogeneity of the studied region on the electrode surface. We selected poly(o-toluidine) electrochromism on a transparent electrode and anodic copper d…

Materials scienceOpacitybusiness.industrysRGB02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectrochromic devices01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAnodelcsh:ChemistryDigital imageOpticslcsh:Industrial electrochemistrylcsh:QD1-999ElectrochromismElectrodeElectrochemistryRGB color model0210 nano-technologybusinesslcsh:TP250-261Electrochemistry Communications
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Advances in solution-processed near-infrared light-emitting diodes

2021

A summary of recent advances in the near-infrared light-emitting diodes that are fabricated by solution-processed means, with coverage of devices based on organic semiconductors, halide perovskites and colloidal quantum dots.

Materials scienceOptical communicationPhysics::Opticsquantum dotsNanotechnologyelectroluminescenceamplified spontaneous emissionCondensed Matter::Materials SciencenanocrystalsNight visionluminescenceMaterialsperovskiteDiodecomplexesNear infrared lightbusiness.industrydiffusionCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolution processedOrganic semiconductorImproved performanceSemiconductorhighly efficientLàsers de colorantsbusinessdevices
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RGB imaging system for mapping and monitoring of hemoglobin distribution in skin

2011

A prototype R-G-B imaging system for mapping of skin hemoglobin distribution has been designed and tested. Device basically consists of a commercial RGB sensor (CMOS, max. frame rate 87 fps for VGA resolution), RGB LED ringlight illuminator and orthogonally orientated polarizers for reducing specular reflectance. The system was examined for monitoring of hemoglobin concentration changes during specific provocations - arterial/venous occlusions and heat test. Hemoglobin distribution maps of several skin malformations were obtained, as well.

Materials scienceVideo Graphics Arraybusiness.industryPolarizerFrame rateReflectivitylaw.inventionOpticslawRGB color modelComputer visionHemoglobinSpecular reflectionArtificial intelligencebusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Service Life of Cementitious Photocatalytic Paints Newly Formulated

2013

The use of photocatalytic products for surface coating of buildings contributes to the sustainability of building interventions, due to the reduction of some atmospheric pollutants and self-cleaning attitude. The world market produces a wide range of coatings, applied in limited thickness, transparent and opaque, high initial performance, although data on their durability are still missing. The knowledge of the performance over time of such innovative products is necessary according to the new EU Regulation No. 305/2011, which introduced for construction works, the seventh requirement on their sustainability and particularly their durability. The study concerns the evaluation of the durabil…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringEnvironmental engineeringSettore ICAR/11 - Produzione EdiliziaAccelerated agingDurabilitySurface coatingISO 15686Durability Photocatalityc paint Color NOxService lifeAtmospheric pollutantsPhotocatalysisCementitiousProcess engineeringbusiness
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Experimental evaluation of the durability of innovative cementitious coatings: photocatalytic activity and colour

2012

Today, in a world context characterized by high pollution levels and increasingly limited natural resources, even in the building sector, focusing on environmental issues, through energy saving and a more rational use of these resources, both during construction and management, is fundamental. An important contribution in this direction is given by the knowledge of the durability of products and building components, especially when innovative products are applied and no information are available on the reliability and service life. The research concerns the evaluation of the durability of cement-based photocatalytic coatings ("rasanti" in the Italian diction), containing different types of …

Materials sciencebusiness.industrySettore ICAR/11 - Produzione EdiliziaContext (language use)Structural engineeringDurabilityISO 15686Service lifePhotocatalysisSustainability durability photocatalysis cementitious coatings color.CementitiousProcess engineeringbusinessReliability (statistics)Building envelope
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Hybrid Inorganic‐Organic White Light Emitting Diodes

2020

This chapter reviews the state of the art of materials, technologies, characterizations, process and challenges concerning hybrid white light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, for a “hybrid LED” we mean a device based on a layer of organic phosphors (or a mix of inorganic and organic ones) pumped by a high‐energy inorganic LED. Light is emitted by a frequency down‐conversion (sometimes simply named color‐conversion) process. Benefits and weak spots of this technology are investigated with a special attention for the materials involved into the process of frequency down‐conversion, in order to envisage the future impact of the hybrid lighting technology among the well‐established inorganic ones.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryWhite lightOptoelectronicsMetal-organic frameworkInorganic organicbusinessHybrid Inorganic-Organic White Light Emitting Diodes (HWLEDs) Frequency-down conversion Luminescent polymers and molecular dyes Biomaterials and biomolecules Metal-Organic Frameworks Carbon dots Color tuning and rendering of HWLEDs Stability of HWLEDsSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaDiode
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