Search results for " Colour"

Differences in Chromatic Sensitivity Estimated Using Static and Dynamic Colour Stimuli

2017

Abstract The current study reports on a novel computerised colour vision test employing static and dynamic stimuli. The aim of the study was to assess if static and dynamic stimuli result in comparable chromatic discrimination thresholds when participant’s age is taken into account. Participants (n = 20) were 21 to 77 years old, had normal colour vision and no history of any eye disease. They all participated in two sessions estimating chromatic sensitivity with static and dynamic stimuli, respectively, with six directions in colour space varying either along the red-green (RG) or yellow- blue (YB) directions. We found no significant differences in chromatic thresholds along a tritan axis o…

Konotacje nazw barw w toponimii i hydronimii śląskiej (czarny, biały, zielony)

2021

Kolory należą do podstawowych środków orientacji człowieka w świecie. Niosą informacje o wartościach wyznawanych przez dane społeczeństwo, są wyrazem tożsamości jednostkowej i zbiorowej, wywołują różne skojarzenia i emocje, odzwierciedlają sposób postrzegania otaczającej rzeczywistości. Przedmiotem artykułu są nazwy geograficzne Śląska zawierające element kolorystyczny: czarny, biały i zielony – najbardziej charakterystyczne barwy Śląska. Badaniu zostały poddane zarówno nazwy genetycznie polskie, jak i niemieckie, gdyż historia Śląska i naturalna symbioza językowo-kulturowa pozwalają traktować je na równi. Badania nazw kolorów w obu językach nie wykazują też większych różnic w konotacjach i…

Determination of reflectance spectra model of skin phototypes V

2012

In dermatology, skin is assessed for its response to UV light and is categorised under the Fitzpatrick skin type (FST). The FST is commonly applied as a predictor of skin cancer. The FST classification however is subjective. To enable an objective assessment, a pattern model of skin colour taken from normal subjects is required. In this paper, a model for skin phototype (SPT) V is developed and presented. We conducted an observational study involving 41 participants with FST V. The study analysed the reflectance spectra of facultative skin and constitutive skin which was captured using spectrophotometer and multispectral camera. Using piecewise linear regression, we modelled the reflectance…

Camouflage in arid environments: the case of Sahara-Sahel desert rodents

2020

Deserts and semi-deserts, such as the Sahara-Sahel region in North Africa, are exposed environments with restricted vegetation coverage. Due to limited physical surface structures, these open areas provide a promising ecosystem to understand selection for crypsis. Here, we review knowledge on camouflage adaptation in the Sahara-Sahel rodent community, which represents one of the best documented cases of phenotype-environment convergence comprising a marked taxonomic diversity. Through their evolutionary history, several rodent species from the Sahara-Sahel have repeatedly evolved an accurate background matching against visually-guided predators. Top-down selection by predators is therefore …

Colori dell'eros nelle Grecia antica

2020

L’articolo contiene una dettagliata indagine di alcuni termini di colore (poikìlos, chloròs, erythròs, pòrphyros e loro composti), di cui si esamina l’uso e i significati nel confronto tra lirica greca arcaica e letteratura medica, con particolare attenzione per i contesti erotici. In accordo con quanto già evidenziato da altri studiosi, emerge in generale l’estensione e l’innovazione, da parte di lirici e medici, del tradizionale ambito culturale e semantico di tali termini, a discapito del mero tratto coloristico. Specificamente, il confronto tra l’uso poetico e medico, specie ippocratico, dei termini di colore considerati mostra alcune corrispondenze nella rappresentazione e nell’immagin…

Validation of Murray sputum purulence scale in the Italian Registry of Bronchiectasis (IRIDE)

2018

Introduction: Murray sputum colour chart stratifies patients according to the presence of mucous (M), muco-purulent (MP) or purulent (P) sputum, and has not been validated in Bx yet. We aimed to validate this scale across a large Italian cohort of Bx patients. Methods: A secondary analysis of the IRIDE database was conducted including adults with Bx and daily sputum production enrolled across 13 Italian centres between 2014 and 2017. M vs. MP vs. P sputum producers were identified and clinical, functional and microbiological data were collected. Clinical outcomes during a two-year follow up period were evaluated in the Monza and Milan cohorts. A sensitivity analysis excluding COPD patients …

Chemical composition and microencapsulation suitability of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruit extract

2021

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.), a spice obtained by grinding whole sumac berries, is a complex natural product with a plethora of biological activities that can be favorably explored in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields. Sicilian sumac is herein chemically investigated by means of a combined NMR/HR MS-based profiling. A hydroalcoholic extract was prepared and its complexity unraveled following fractionation in an alcoholic and an aqueous fraction. The 1H-NMR spectrum of this latter fraction was dominated by the signals of gallic acid and its derivatives, whereas HR MS and HR MS/MS analyses highlighted the diversity in malic acid derivatives. Gallotannins and galloyl flavonol glycosides with…

Biało-czarny świat Ervina Goja

2011

The author takes up the language Ervin Goj’s poetry, a regional lachian poet who has written his poems between the years 1931-1977 under the pen name Óndra Łyhorsky. She analyses the meaning of two colours, namely white and black, which in the European culture symbolize the opposition light – dark, good – bad: white symbolizes innocence, truth, purity, simplicity, honesty, while black symbolizes evil, falsehood, nothingness, mourning, atonement. It is associated with everyday human experience which is reflected in the language and is connected with the following patternsprototypes: white – day (bílý den), black – night (černá noc), for example: bílá holubice, bílé světlo, bílá vrána, černé …

Investigation of coat colour affecting genes in several sheep breeds

2009

Improved camouflage through ontogenetic colour change confers reduced detection risk in shore crabs

2019

Abstract Animals from many taxa, from snakes and crabs to caterpillars and lobsters, change appearance with age, but the reasons why this occurs are rarely tested.We show the importance that ontogenetic changes in coloration have on the camouflage of the green shore crabs (Carcinus maenas), known for their remarkable phenotypic variation and plasticity in colour and pattern.In controlled conditions, we reared juvenile crabs of two shades, pale or dark, on two background types simulating different habitats for 10 weeks.In contrast to expectations for reversible colour change, crabs did not tune their background match to specific microhabitats, but instead, and regardless of treatment, all de…