Search results for " Combination"
showing 10 items of 923 documents
A model-based meta-analysis of sofosbuvir-based treatments in chronic hepatitis C patients.
2016
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of sofosbuvir-based treatments in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using a model-based meta-analysis (MBMA). A bibliographic search was performed to identify clinical trials involving sofosbuvir as a unique direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agent or together with daclatasvir, ledipasvir or simeprevir for the treatment of diagnosed HCV infection. The time course of the virological response (VR) was modelled to estimate the effect of treatment and the influence of population characteristics on the longitudinal efficacy profile. The model was validated and simulations of 10 different treatment schedules were performed. …
Evaluation of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a DTPa-HBV-IPV combination vaccine Co-administered with a hib conjugate vaccine either as a si…
2004
A combined DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine containing diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), acellular pertussis (Pa), hepatitis B (HBV) and types 1, 2 and 3 inactivated polioviruses (IPV) extemporaneously mixed with a conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine (Group 1) was compared to the DTPa-HBV-IPV and Hib vaccines (Group 2) administered separately at 3, 5 and 11 months of age (n = 440). A microneutralization assay was used to detect antibodies against the 3 polio virus types (cut-off 1:8 dil), RIA for anti-HBs antibodies (cut-off 10 mIU/ml) and ELISA for antibodies against all other vaccine antigens (cut-off: 0.1 IU/ml for anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria antibodies; 5 El.U/ml for antibodi…
Efficacy of posaconazole and amphotericin B in experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in dexamethasone immunosuppressed rats
2007
Objectives: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is associated with high mortality. To assess new antifungal therapy options, animal models have to be developed to assess, in an appropriate setting, the activity of new drugs. Methods: Male albino CD rats (125–150 g) were fed with a protein-free diet and received dexamethasone thrice weekly subcutaneously during the whole experiment. After 2 weeks, an inoculum of 10 6 conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus (H11-20) was injected intratracheally. Antifungal treatment was initiated and continued for a total of 7 days. Animals were grouped in numbers of 10. One group of animals served as untreated control, whereas the others were treated with amphotericin…
The cytotoxic evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate in the subcutaneous connective tissue of rats
2013
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic effects of ProRoot MTA and DiaRoot BA, a bioceramic nanoparticulate cement, on subcutaneous rat tissue. Study D esign: Fifty Sprouge Dawley rats were used in this study. Polyethylene tubes filled with ProRoot MTA and DiaRoot BioAggregate, along with a control group of empty, were implanted into dorsal connective tissue of rats for 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. After estimated time intervals the rats were sacrificed. The specimens were fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and then evaluated under a light microscope for inflammatory reactions and mineralization. Results: All groups evoked a severe to moderate …
Comparison of two histopathologic methods for evaluating subcutaneous reaction to mineral trioxide aggregate
2011
Objectives: One of the most important factors for suitable materials for pulp therapy is biocompatibility. Two histopathologic methods of Cox and Federation Dentaire International (FDI) were used to evaluate inflammation. In Cox method, density of inflammatory cells, tissue reactions like fibrosis, vascular responses like congestion and fibrin extravasation have been used to evaluate inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of pathologists’ interpretations using two different methods. Study design: Three pathologists observed the degree of inflammation in 225 histopathologic sections. These sections showed inflammation in subcutaneous connective tissue of ra…
Repair of bone defect by nano-modified white mineral trioxide aggregates in rabbit: a histopathological study
2014
Background: Many researchers have tried to enhance materials functions in different aspects of science using nano-modification method, and in many cases the results have been encouraging. To evaluate the histopathological responses of the micro-/nano-size cement-type biomaterials derived from calcium silicate-based composition with addition of nano tricalcium aluminate (3CaO.Al 2 O 3 ) on bone healing response. Material and Methods: Ninety mature male rabbits were anesthetized and a bone defect was created in the right mandible. The rabbits were divided into three groups, which were in turn subdivided into five subgroups with six animals each based on the defect filled by: white mineral tri…
Preemptive analgesic effectiveness of oral ketorolac plus local tramadol after impacted mandibular third molar surgery
2010
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare preemptive analgesia of oral ketorolac plus submucous local placebo with oral ketorolac plus submucous local tramadol after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Study design: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Patients were randomized into two treatment groups (n = 15 per group): group A, oral ketorolac 10 mg, 30 minutes before surgery plus submucous local placebo (1 mL saline solution); group B, oral ketorolac 10 mg, 30 minutes before surgery plus submucous local tramadol (50 mg diluted in 1 mL saline solution). We evaluated the intensity of pain, time for the first analgesic rescue medication, an…
Rosiglitazone evaluated for cardiovascular outcomes in oral agent combination therapy for type 2 diabetes (RECORD): a multicentre, randomised, open-l…
2009
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Jun-20 BACKGROUND: Rosiglitazone is an insulin sensitiser used in combination with metformin, a sulfonylurea, or both, for lowering blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed cardiovascular outcomes after addition of rosiglitazone to either metformin or sulfonylurea compared with the combination of the two over 5-7 years of follow-up. We also assessed comparative safety. METHODS: In a multicentre, open-label trial, 4447 patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy with mean haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) of 7.9% were randomly assigned to addition of rosiglitazone (n=2220) or to a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea (active con…
Personalized cost-effectiveness of boceprevir-based triple therapy for untreated patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C
2014
Abstract Background We assessed the cost-effectiveness of boceprevir-based triple therapy compared to peginterferon alpha and ribavirin dual therapy in untreated patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C; patients were discriminated according to the combination of baseline plus on-treatment predictors of boceprevir-based triple therapy. Methods Cost-effectiveness analysis performed according to data from the available published literature. The target population was composed of untreated Caucasian patients, aged 50 years, with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C, and these were evaluated over a lifetime horizon by Markov model. The study was carried out from the perspective of the Italian Nati…
Oxidative and nitrosative stress in acute pancreatitis. Modulation by pentoxifylline and oxypurinol
2011
Item does not contain fulltext Reactive oxygen species are considered mediators of the inflammatory response and tissue damage in acute pancreatitis. We previously found that the combined treatment with oxypurinol - as inhibitor of xanthine oxidase- and pentoxifylline - as inhibitor of TNF-alpha production-restrained local and systemic inflammatory response and decreased mortality in experimental acute pancreatitis. Our aims were (1) to determine the time-course of glutathione depletion and oxidation in necrotizing pancreatitis in rats and its modulation by oxypurinol and pentoxifylline; (2) to determine whether TNF-alpha is responsible for glutathione depletion in acute pancreatitis; and (…