Search results for " Complement"

showing 10 items of 753 documents

Gene structure and hemocyanin isoform HtH2 from the mollusc Haliotis tuberculata indicate early and late intron hot spots.

2002

Abstract We have cloned and sequenced cDNAs coding for the complete primary structure of HtH2, the second hemocyanin isoform of the marine gastropod Haliotis tuberculata. The deduced protein sequence comprises 3399 amino acids, corresponding to a molecular mass of 392 kDa. It shares only 66% of structural identity with the previously analysed first isoform HtH1, and according to a molecular clock, the two isoforms of Haliotis hemocyanin separated ca. 320 million years ago. By genomic polymerase chain reaction and 5′ race, we have also sequenced the complete gene of HtH2 (18,598 bp), except of the 5′ region in front of the secreted protein. It encompasses 15 exons and 14 introns and shows se…

Gene isoformDNA ComplementaryTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentProtein subunitMolecular Sequence DataBiologyEvolution MolecularExonProtein sequencingGeneticsmedicineAnimalsProtein IsoformsAmino Acid SequenceGeneGeneticsBase SequenceSequence Homology Amino AcidProtein primary structureIntronHemocyaninGeneral MedicineDNAExonsSequence Analysis DNAIntronsGenesMolluscaHemocyaninsSequence AlignmentGene
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Cellular distribution in the rat telencephalon of mRNAs encoding for the alpha 3 and alpha 4 subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

1995

Pharmacological and electrophysiological studies provide evidence for the involvement of different nicotinic acetylcholine receptor isoforms in rat neocortical and hippocampal signal transduction. Yet, rather little is known on the cellular localization of these isoforms. With the availability of isoform specific nucleic acid probes and sensitive non-isotopic detection systems, nicotinic receptors can be studied on the mRNA level in individual neurons. In this way, we have paradigmatically studied the distribution of the alpha 3 and alpha 4 isoform mRNAs of the nicotinic receptor in the rat telencephalon. In the cerebral cortex, alpha 3 transcripts were mainly located in pyramidal neurons o…

Gene isoformMaleTelencephalonGene ExpressionBiologyReceptors NicotinicHippocampusRNA ComplementaryCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGanglion type nicotinic receptorAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarMolecular BiologyCellular localizationIn Situ HybridizationAcetylcholine receptorCerebral CortexDentate gyrusCell biologyRatsNicotinic acetylcholine receptorNicotinic agonistnervous systemAlpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptorNeuroscienceBrain research. Molecular brain research
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Potential Functional Significance of Brain-Type and Muscle-Type Nitric Oxide Synthase I Expressed in Adventitia and Media of Rat Aorta

1999

Abstract —Skeletal muscle and myocardium express μNOS I, an elongated splice variant of neuronal-type nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS I), and NOS III, endothelial-type NO synthase, respectively. This study was designed to elucidate whether vascular smooth muscle also contains a constitutively expressed NO synthase isoform. In the rat, μNOS I contains an insert of 102 nucleotides after nucleotide 2865 of the cDNA, yielding a protein of 164 kd. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with primers flanking this insert and with insert-specific primers indicated that endothelium-denuded rat aorta expresses both brain-type NOS I and μNOS I. RNase protection analyses with an antisense RNA…

Gene isoformPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyDNA ComplementaryVascular smooth muscleNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIBlotting WesternAorta ThoracicNitric Oxide Synthase Type INitroarginineGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicMuscle Smooth VascularMembrane PotentialsPotassium ChlorideNitric oxideImmunoenzyme TechniquesRats Sprague-DawleyNorepinephrinechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.arteryAdventitiamedicineAnimalsVasoconstrictor AgentsAorta AbdominalRNA MessengerMuscle SkeletalMessenger RNAAortabiologyBrainSkeletal muscleMolecular biologyRatsNitric oxide synthaseAntisense Elements (Genetics)medicine.anatomical_structurechemistryVasoconstrictionbiology.proteinCalciumFemaleNitric Oxide SynthaseTunica MediaCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineArteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
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Cultural transposition: Italian didactic experiences inspired by Chinese and Russian perspectives on whole number arithmetic

2019

The paper presents some reflections and activities developed by researchers and teachers involved in teacher education programs on cultural transposition. The construct of cultural transposition is presented as a condition for decentralizing the didactic practice of a specific cultural context through contact with other didactic practices of different cultural contexts. We discuss the background theoretical issues of this approach and also give an analysis of two examples of cultural transposition experiences carried out in Italy. In particular, by means of qualitative analysis of some excerpts, discussions, and interviews, we show that the contact with different perspectives coming from Ch…

General MathematicsCultural transposition05 social sciencesCultural contextCultural transposition; Early algebra; Whole number arithmetic050301 educationSettore MAT/04 - Matematiche ComplementariCultural transposition · Whole number arithmetic · Early algebraWhole number arithmeticTeacher educationEducationEarly algebraQualitative analysisMathematics (all)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesTransposition (logic)SociologyArithmeticAlgebra over a fieldConstruct (philosophy)Mathematics instruction0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologyZDM
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Cloning and Expression of the mRNA of Human Galectin-4, an S-type Lectin Down-Regulated in Colorectal Cancer

1997

We are interested in the characterization of genes whose expressions in the colon are modified during colorectal carcinogenesis. Our approach was to establish the phenotype of a colon tumor by partial sequencing of a large number of transcripts, then to select mRNAs of potential interest by differential screening with complex probes from normal or cancerous colon. In this paper, we report the cloning and sequencing of a mRNA strongly underexpressed in colorectal cancer. It corresponded to a protein comprising 323 amino acids, that appeared to be human galectin-4 on the basis of 76% and 79% amino acid identity to the rat and pig counterparts, respectively. Tissue distribution analysis showed…

Genetic MarkersDNA ComplementaryColorectal cancerGalectin 4Molecular Sequence DataDown-RegulationRectumBiologyBiochemistryLectinsBiomarkers TumorTumor Cells CulturedmedicineHumansAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerRNA NeoplasmCloning MolecularGeneCloningExpressed sequence tagMessenger RNABase SequenceSequence Homology Amino AcidDNA Neoplasmmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyPhenotypedigestive system diseasesGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticHemagglutininsmedicine.anatomical_structureCell cultureColorectal NeoplasmsEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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The gene encoding the transcriptional repressor BERF-1 maps to a region of conserved synteny on mouse chromosome 16 and human chromosome 3 and a rela…

1999

We have recently identified and characterized a Kruppel-like zinc finger protein (BERF-1), that functions as a repressor of β enolase gene transcription. By interspecific backcross analysis the gene encoding BERF-1 was localized 4.7 cM proximal to the <i>Mtv6</i> locus on mouse chromosome 16, and an isolated pseudogene was localized to mouse chromosome 8, about 5.3 cM distal to the D8Mit4 marker. Nucleotide sequence identity and chomosome location indicate that the gene encoding BERF-1 is the mouse homologue (<i>Zfp148</i>) of ZNF148 localized to human chromosome 3q21, a common translocation site in acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Genetic MarkersDNA ComplementaryTranscription GeneticKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsBiologyHybrid CellsPolymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicMiceChromosome 16GeneticsAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Conserved SequenceSyntenyDNA PrimersGeneticsBase SequenceYY1Chromosome MappingTAF9Zinc FingersTCF4DNA-Binding ProteinsRepressor ProteinsChromosome 3GATAD2BPhosphopyruvate Hydratasecardiovascular systemChromosomes Human Pair 3Chromosome 22PseudogenesTranscription FactorsCytogenetics and cell genetics
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Heart-targeted overexpression of caspase3 in mice increases infarct size and depresses cardiac function

2001

Up-regulation of proapoptotic genes has been reported in heart failure and myocardial infarction. To determine whether caspase genes can affect cardiac function, a transgenic mouse was generated. Cardiac tissue-specific overexpression of the proapoptotic gene Caspase3 was induced by using the rat promoter of α-myosin heavy chain, a model that may represent a unique tool for investigating new molecules and antiapoptotic therapeutic strategies. Cardiac-specific Caspase3 expression induced transient depression of cardiac function and abnormal nuclear and myofibrillar ultrastructural damage. When subjected to myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury, Caspase3 transgenic mice showed increased inf…

Genetically modified mouseCardiac function curveDNA ComplementaryTransgeneRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMyocardial InfarctionMyocardial IschemiaCaspase 3ApoptosisMice TransgenicMyocardial Reperfusion InjuryDNA FragmentationContractilityMiceVentricular Dysfunction LeftmedicineAnimalsHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMyocardial infarctionCaspaseMultidisciplinarybiologyCaspase 3MyocardiumBiological Sciencesmedicine.diseasePhenotypeGene Expression RegulationEchocardiographyOrgan SpecificityHeart failureCaspasesCancer researchbiology.proteincardiovascular system
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Cutting Edge: IL-6–Driven Immune Dysregulation Is Strictly Dependent on IL-6R α-Chain Expression

2020

Abstract IL-6 binds to the IL-6R α-chain (IL-6Rα) and signals via the signal transducer gp130. Recently, IL-6 was found to also bind to the cell surface glycoprotein CD5, which would then engage gp130 in the absence of IL-6Rα. However, the biological relevance of this alternative pathway is under debate. In this study, we developed a mouse model, in which murine IL-6 is overexpressed in a CD11c-Cre–dependent manner. Transgenic mice developed a lethal immune dysregulation syndrome with increased numbers of Ly-6G+ neutrophils and Ly-6Chi monocytes/macrophages. IL-6 overexpression promoted activation of CD4+ T cells while suppressing CD5+ B-1a cell development. However, additional ablation of …

Genetically modified mouseImmunologyInflammationMice Transgenicmedicine.disease_cause03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineRare DiseasesmedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimals2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsInflammatory and Immune SystemReceptorSTAT3biologyCell growthChemistryInterleukin-6Immune dysregulationGlycoprotein 130Receptors Interleukin-6Cell biologybiology.proteinAlternative complement pathwaymedicine.symptom030215 immunologySignal TransductionThe Journal of Immunology
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C1q acts in the tumour microenvironment as a cancer-promoting factor independently of complement activation

2015

Complement C1q is the activator of the classical pathway. However, it is now recognized that C1q can exert functions unrelated to complement activation. Here we show that C1q, but not C4, is expressed in the stroma and vascular endothelium of several human malignant tumours. Compared with wild-type (WT) or C3- or C5-deficient mice, C1q-deficient (C1qa−/−) mice bearing a syngeneic B16 melanoma exhibit a slower tumour growth and prolonged survival. This effect is not attributable to differences in the tumour-infiltrating immune cells. Tumours developing in WT mice display early deposition of C1q, higher vascular density and an increase in the number of lung metastases compared with C1qa−/− mi…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)0301 basic medicinePROTEINGeneral Physics and AstronomyMELANOMAApoptosisInbred C57BLBiochemistryDISEASEAnimals; Apoptosis; Cell Line Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Complement Activation; Complement C1q; Complement C3; Complement C5; Humans; Mice; Mice Inbred C57BL; Mice Knockout; Neoplasms; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Chemistry (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)Micefluids and secretionsCell Movementimmune system diseasesNeoplasmsIMMUNE-RESPONSEskin and connective tissue diseasesComplement ActivationComplement C1qMice KnockoutComplement component 5TumorMultidisciplinaryQChemistry (all)Complement C5Complement C33. Good healthCell biologyMultidisciplinary SciencesDEFICIENCYmedicine.anatomical_structureScience & Technology - Other TopicsHumanKnockoutSciencechemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBiologyArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyTROPHOBLAST INVASIONMECHANISMSCell LinePhysics and Astronomy (all)03 medical and health sciencesClassical complement pathwayImmune systemINFLAMMATIONCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansCell ProliferationScience & TechnologyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)AnimalCell growthEFFECTOR SYSTEMComplement C1qApoptosiGeneral ChemistryComplement systemMice Inbred C57BL030104 developmental biologyCancer cellNeoplasmBone marrowANTIBODY THERAPYNature Communications
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Molecular analysis of METTL1, a novel human methyltransferase-like gene with a high degree of phylogenetic conservation.

1999

A novel human gene, METTL1, has been identified by its sequence similarity to the yeast ORF YDL201w. The human cDNA and the genomic structure of METTL1 have been analyzed. The transcript contains 1292 nucleotides and codes for a protein of 276 amino acids. The gene consists of seven exons and extends over 3.5 kb. The six introns vary in length between 93 and 1137 nucleotides. The gene is transcribed in a large variety of organs and tissues and shows differential splicing of two exons, giving rise to at least three different transcripts. The METTL1 gene was assigned to chromosome 12q13 by radiation hybrid mapping. The METTL1 gene product shows high sequence similarities to putative proteins …

GeneticsDNA ComplementaryBase SequenceSequence Homology Amino AcidMolecular Sequence DataNucleic acid sequenceIntronMethyltransferasesBiologyHomology (biology)Gene productExonMiceGene clusterRNA splicingGeneticsAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceGenePhylogenyGenomics
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