Search results for " Conditioning"

showing 10 items of 400 documents

Differential effects of bupropion on acquisition and performance of an active avoidance task in male mice.

2015

Bupropion is an antidepressant drug that is known to aid smoking cessation, although little experimental evidence exists about its actions on active avoidance learning tasks. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of this drug on two-way active avoidance conditioning. In this study, NMRI mice received bupropion (10, 20 and 40mg/kg) or saline before a daily training session (learning phase, days 1-4) in the active avoidance task. Performance was evaluated on the fifth day (retention phase): in each bupropion-treated group half of the mice continued with the same dose of bupropion, and the other half received saline. Among the vehicle-treated mice, different sub-groups were challenged with diffe…

Malemedicine.medical_treatmentConditioning ClassicalMale miceMice Inbred StrainsPharmacology03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral NeuroscienceMice0302 clinical medicineAvoidance learningMemoryhealth services administrationmental disordersTask Performance and AnalysismedicineAvoidance LearningReaction TimeAnimalsSalineBupropionBupropionAvoidance ConditioningRetention PsychologyGeneral MedicineDifferential effects030227 psychiatryAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivitybehavior and behavior mechanismsAntidepressantSmoking cessationAnimal Science and ZoologyPsychologypsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugBehavioural processes
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Training Load and Energy Expenditure during Military Basic Training Period

2019

Purpose: To compare training load and energy expenditure during an 8-week military BT period among individuals having different fitness level using objective measurements in an authentic environment. Methods: Thirty-four voluntary male conscripts (age 19.1±0.3 years) were divided into three training groups (inactive, moderate, active) by their reported physical activity (PA) level evaluated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) prior to military service. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and heart rate (HR) were determined by maximal treadmill test in the beginning and after 4 and 7 weeks of BT. During BT, HR monitors and accelerometers were used to measure PA and energy …

Malemilitary tasksykemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescenteducationphysical activityheart rate monitoringsotilaskoulutusPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesOxygen Consumption0302 clinical medicineHeart RateAccelerometryHumansMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTreadmillTraining loadTraining periodtraining impulsebiologyAthletesbusiness.industrymittausVO2 maxCardiorespiratory fitness030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationfyysinen kuormittavuusharjoitusvasteaccelerometerMilitary PersonnelCardiorespiratory FitnessEnergy expenditureTurnoverExercise TestPhysical therapyEnergy Metabolismbusinessfyysinen aktiivisuusenergiankulutus (aineenvaihdunta)Physical Conditioning HumanMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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Recovery of Damaged Skeletal Muscle in mdx Mice through Low-intensity Endurance Exercise

2013

The lack of dystrophin in mdx mice leads to cycles of muscle degeneration and regeneration processes. Various strategies have been proposed in order to reduce the muscle-wasting component of muscular dystrophy, including implementation of an exercise programme. The aim of this study was to examine how low-intensity endurance exercise affects the degeneration-regeneration process in dystrophic muscle of male mdx mice. Mice were subjected to low-intensity endurance exercise by running on a motorized Rota-Rod for 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Histomorphological analysis showed a signifi cant reduction of measured inflammatory-necrotic areas in both gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle of exercised m…

Malemusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyBlotting WesternConnexinPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationDegeneration (medical)Settore BIO/09 - FisiologiaConnexinsMiceRandom Allocationdystrophic muscle muscle regeneration muscle injury connexin connexin 39 muscle strengthEndurance trainingPhysical Conditioning AnimalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRegenerationOrthopedics and Sports MedicineMuscle StrengthMuscular dystrophyMuscle SkeletalbiologyMuscle fatiguebusiness.industrySkeletal muscleAnatomyMuscular Dystrophy Animalmedicine.diseaseExercise TherapyMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyMuscle FatigueMice Inbred mdxPhysical Endurancebiology.proteinmedicine.symptomDystrophinbusinessBiomarkersMuscle ContractionMuscle contraction
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Neuromuscular Performance and Hormonal Profile During Military Training and Subsequent Recovery Period.

2018

INTRODUCTION Military training loads may induce different physiological responses in garrison and field training and only a little is known about how short-time recovery, lasting a few days, affects neuromuscular fitness and hormonal profile. This study aimed to investigate the effects of garrison and field military service on neuromuscular performance and hormonal profile and to evaluate the effects of a 3-day recovery on those factors. METHODS Twenty healthy male soldiers (20 ± 1 years) participated in the study, which consisted of 4 days of garrison training [days (D) 1-4] and 7 days of military field training (Days 5-12) followed by a 3-day recovery period (Day 15). Serum hormone concen…

Maleneuromuscular performanceTime FactorsHydrocortisonepalautuminensubsequent recovery period0211 other engineering and technologiessotilaskoulutus02 engineering and technologyIsometric exerciseElectromyography03 medical and health sciencesRecovery periodYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineSex hormone-binding globulinAnimal scienceSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinMedicineHumansTestosterone030212 general & internal medicineMuscle Strengthta315military traininghormonaaliset vaikutuksetsuorituskyky021110 strategic defence & security studiesAnalysis of VariancebiologyKnee extensorsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryhormonal profileSignificant differencePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineField trainingHormonesThyroxineMilitary Personnelbiology.proteinPhysical EnduranceNeuromuscular MonitoringbusinessEnergy MetabolismlihasvoimaHormonePhysical Conditioning HumanMilitary medicine
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Training-induced changes in daily energy expenditure: Methodological evaluation using wrist-worn accelerometer, heart rate monitor, and doubly labele…

2019

IntroductionWrist-mounted motion sensors can quantify the volume and intensity of physical activities, but little is known about their long-term validity. Our aim was to validate a wrist motion sensor in estimating daily energy expenditure, including any change induced by long-term participation in endurance and strength training. Supplemental heart rate monitoring during weekly exercise was also investigated.MethodsA 13-day doubly labeled water (DLW) measurement of total energy expenditure (TEE) was performed twice in healthy male subjects: during two last weeks of a 12-week Control period (n = 15) and during two last weeks of a 12-week combined strength and aerobic Training period (n = 13…

MalesykeFITNESSPhysiologyACCURACYphysical activityliikuntabioenergeticsAccelerometerBiochemistryFatsDAILY PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY0302 clinical medicineHeart Rateenergy metabolismAccelerometryheart ratestrength trainingMedicine and Health SciencesPublic and Occupational Health030212 general & internal medicineaineenvaihduntarasvatMultidisciplinaryexerciseQRWristLipidsSports ScienceTIMEINSIGHTSPhysiological ParametersStrength TrainingMedicinesykemittaritvoimaharjoittelufyysinen aktiivisuusResearch ArticlePhysical Conditioning HumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyfatsBODY-COMPOSITIONStrength trainingScienceCardiologyDrinkingDoubly labeled waterBioenergeticsbody weightWearable Electronic DevicesYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesPhysical medicine and rehabilitationHeart ratemedicineHumansAerobic exerciseResting energy expenditureVALIDITYSports and Exercise MedicineDeuterium OxideExerciseLife StylebioenergetiikkaMonitoring PhysiologicINTENSITYbusiness.industryBody WeightHeart rate monitorBiology and Life SciencesWaterPhysical Activity030229 sport sciencesIntensity (physics)MetabolismPhysical FitnessPhysical EnduranceEnergy MetabolismPhysiological ProcessesbusinessPLOS ONE
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Improving bleeding detector features for electron intraoperative radiotherapy

2019

Abstract Purpose The aim of this work is to improve the potential bleeding detection during intraoperative radiotherapy with linac polymethyl methacrylate applicators (PMMA), based on one previously developed. The improvements carried out have been focused on: i) minimizing the impact of the detector on the visual through the plastic applicators and ii) avoiding the asymmetry in the detection capability when the applicator is tilted. Methods Simulations have been made to select the geometry that provides a reduced visual impact on the applicator as well as allowing an independent response with the tilting angle of the applicator. A low-noise circuit for signal conditioning has been develope…

Materials scienceRadiotherapybusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)Capacitive sensingDetectorBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsHemorrhageGeneral MedicineElectronLinear particle accelerator030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIntraoperative Period03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingParticle AcceleratorsbusinessIntraoperative radiotherapyQuality assuranceSignal conditioningPhysica Medica
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A Time-to-Event Model for Acute Kidney Injury after Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Stem Cell Transplantation Using a Tacrolimus- and Sirolimus-based …

2017

There is a paucity of data evaluating acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence and its relationship with the tacrolimus-sirolimus (Tac-Sir) concentrations in the setting of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This multicenter retrospective study evaluated risk factors of AKI defined by 2 classification systems, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) score and "Grade 0-3 staging," in 186 consecutive RIC allo-HSCT recipients with Tac-Sir as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. Conditioning regimens consisted of fludarabine and busulfan (n = 53); melphalan (n = 83); or a combination of thiotepa, fludarabine, and busulfan (n = 50). …

MelphalanAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTransplantation ConditioningUrologyReduced intensity conditioningGraft vs Host DiseaseThioTEPAurologic and male genital diseasesTacrolimus03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineParametric modeling of time-to-event dataRisk Factorshemic and lymphatic diseasesTime-to-event analysisMedicineHumansCumulative incidenceAgedRetrospective StudiesSirolimusTransplantationbusiness.industryAcute kidney injuryHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationHematologyAcute Kidney InjuryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFludarabineSurgeryAcute kidney injuryAllogeneic stem cell transplantationTransplantationsurgical procedures operative030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemalebusinessBusulfan030215 immunologymedicine.drugKidney disease
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A Dopaminergic Basis for Fear Extinction.

2019

It is a joyous relief when an event we dread fails to materialize. In fear extinction, the appetitive nature of an omitted aversive event is not a mere epiphenomenon but drives the reduction of fear responses and the formation of long-term extinction memories. Dopamine emerges as key neurobiological mediator of these related processes.

Memory Long-TermCognitive NeuroscienceEvent (relativity)Mean squared prediction errorDopamine05 social sciencesDopaminergicExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyEpiphenomenonsocial sciencesExtinction (psychology)Fearhumanities050105 experimental psychologyExtinction Psychological03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyAnimalsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesFear conditioningPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTrends in cognitive sciences
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Ground Coupled Heat Pumps in Mixed Climate Areas: Design, Characterization and Optimization

2010

This contribution reviews the research work developed by the authors on the design, characterization and optimization of ground coupled heat pumps in mixed climates areas. The design of a ground coupled heat pump HVAC system starts with the estimation of the thermal loads that the air-conditioned area demands. The capacity of the ground source airconditioning system is determined from this thermal load estimation. With this value and a proper estimation of the ground thermal properties, the characteristics of the water to water heat pump and the required length and layout of the borehole heat exchangers are estimated. Determining ground thermal properties is crucial for an accurate design o…

Meteorologybusiness.industryMechanicsThermal conductionTemperature measurementlaw.inventionlawAir conditioningThermalHeat transferHeat exchangerHVACEnvironmental sciencebusinessHeat pump
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Role of Free Radicals and Antioxidant Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Health and Pathology

2009

Skeletal muscle contraction, growth, differentiation and adaptation are governed by complicated biological mechanisms still being studied intensively. Generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RS) is one of the most prominent events during contractile activity that could influence muscle function and health. While RS generation is known to cause oxidative stress, activate certain pathogenic pathways and aging, they also serve as useful signaling molecules to regulate gene expression of proteins and enzymes that play a vital role in the normal muscle function and defense against detrimental effects of RS. The purpose of the present review is two-fold: first, to provide an overview …

Microbiology (medical)Cell signalingmedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantFree Radicalsmedicine.medical_treatmentBiologymedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantsPhysical Conditioning AnimalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansMuscle SkeletalMyopathyExercisePharmacologyMechanism (biology)Skeletal muscleGeneral MedicineCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyMolecular Medicinemedicine.symptomSignal transductionOxidative stressFunction (biology)Signal TransductionInfectious Disorders - Drug Targets
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