Search results for " Cooling"
showing 10 items of 278 documents
Conceptual design of the main Ancillary Systems of the ITER Water Cooled Lithium Lead Test Blanket System
2021
Abstract The Water Cooled Lithium Lead Test Blanket System (WCLL TBS) is one of the EU Test Blanket Systems candidate for being installed and operated in ITER. In view of its Conceptual Design Review by F4E and ITER Organization (IO), planned for mid-September 2020, several technical activities have been performed in the areas of WCLL TBS Ancillary Systems design. In this article the outcomes of the conceptual design phase of the four main Ancillary Systems of WCLL TBS, namely the Water Cooling System (WCS), the Coolant Purification System (CPS), the PbLi loop and the Tritium Extraction System (TES), are reported and critically discussed. In particular, for each Ancillary System hereafter a…
On the numerical assessment of the thermal-hydraulic operating map of the DEMO Divertor Plasma Facing Components cooling circuit
2020
Abstract Within the framework of the Work Package DIV 1 - “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by University of Palermo and ENEA to investigate the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system, focussing the attention on the 2018 configuration of the Plasma Facing Components (PFCs) circuit consistent with the DEMO baseline 2017. The research campaign has been carried out following a theoretical-computational approach based on the finite volume method and adopting the commercial Computational Fluid-Dynamic (CFD) code ANSYS CFX. A steady-state CFD analysis has been carried out for the …
On the thermal-hydraulic optimization of DEMO divertor plasma facing components cooling circuit
2018
Abstract Within the framework of the Work Package Divertor, Subproject: Cassette Design and Integration (WPDIV-Cassette) of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by ENEA and University of Palermo to investigate the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system. Attention has been focussed on the divertor Plasma Facing Components (PFCs) cooling circuit and a parametric analysis has been carried out in order to assess the potential impact of proper layout changes on its thermal-hydraulic performances, mainly in terms of coolant total pressure drop, flow velocity distribution and margin against critical heat flux occurrence. The r…
Hydraulic assessment of an upgraded pipework arrangement for the DEMO divertor plasma facing components cooling circuit
2021
Abstract In the context of the Work Package DIVertor (WPDIV) of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been carried out by University of Palermo in cooperation with ENEA to assess the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cooling system, concentrating the attention on its 2019 Plasma Facing Components (PFCs) configuration, relevant to DEMO baseline 2017. The research activity has been performed following a theoretical-numerical technique based on the finite volume method and adopting the well-known ANSYS CFX CFD code. The PFCs cooling circuit thermal-hydraulic performances under nominal steady-state conditions, assessed mainly in terms of coolant total pressure drop, c…
Unpolarized and polarized beam sources
1991
The cross sections of photon-induced nuclear processes were usually studied with the aid of a bremsstrahlung beam produced by fast electrons hitting a suitable radiator. Such bremsstrahlung radiation contains photons of all energies from zero up to the kinetic energy of the incoming electrons and so the desired cross section had to be deduced from the integral yield by taking the bremsstrahlung spectrum of the photon beam from the theory. In this section we shall show that this method can produce significant systematic errors in the absolute value of the cross sections due to the lack of a precise knowledge of the bremsstrahlung spectrum.
Neutron-rich nuclei and fission; recent developments and future aspects
2002
Production and studies of neutron-rich nuclei produced in fission are reviewed. Some recent experiments performed with the ISOL technique at the IGISOL and the ISOLDE facilities are reviewed. The manipulation of neutron-rich nuclei is discussed with a special focus on radioactive ion cooling and trapping techniques under construction worldwide. Perspectives of obtaining intense post accelarated beams of fission products are discussed.
Influence of parametric four-wave mixing effects on stimulated Raman scattering in bimodal optical fibers.
2007
We analyze stimulated Raman scattering in normally dispersive bimodal fibers under single-frequency pumping conditions. Experiments show that whenever the interacting nonlinear waves propagate in the LP(01) and LP(11) modes, a parametric four-wave mixing enters unavoidably into play in the wave-coupling behavior, which causes qualitatively different phenomena compared with the ordinary process of Raman scattering, such as the parametric suppression of the first-order Raman Stokes radiation.
Precision spectroscopy at heavy ion ring accelerator SIS300
2007
Unique spectroscopic possibilities open up if a laser beam interacts with relativistic lithium-like ions stored in the heavy ion ring accelerator SIS300 at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany. At a relativistic factor gamma = 36 the 2P 1/2 level can be excited from the 2S 1/2 ground state for any element with frequency doubled dye-lasers in collinear geometry. Precise transition energy measurements can be performed if the fluorescence photons, boosted in forward direction into the X-ray region, are energetically analyzed with a single crystal monochromator. The hyperfine structure can be investigated at the 2P 1/2 - 2S 1/2 transition for all elemen…
Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of a novel hybrid solar-geothermal polygeneration system producing energy and water
2016
Abstract A dynamic simulation model of a novel solar–geothermal polygeneration system and the related exergetic and exergoeconomic analyses are presented in this paper. The plant is designed in order to supply electrical, thermal and cooling energy and fresh water for a small community, connected to a district heating and cooling network. The hybrid system is equipped with an Organic Rankine Cycle fueled by medium-enthalpy geothermal energy and by a Parabolic Trough Collector solar field. Geothermal brine is also used for space heating and cooling purposes. Finally, geothermal fluid supplies heat to a Multi-Effect Distillation unit, producing also desalinized water from seawater. Dynamic si…
Air movement representation as a tool for urban and architectural environmental quality
2017
Air movement is a measurable physical phenomenon that produces indirectly measurable effects on people and on the environment. It is an essential prerequisite for the comfort and the hygiene of the built environment and it is highly relevant to the passive cooling strategies. The relationships between air movement and built environment have to be analysed under a multi-scale vision. They fall within the field of urban and architectural design because they can be influenced by artificial expedients, although they are always caused by natural factors. This paper discusses the need for a complete and objective representation of different kinds of air movement, to improve the urban and architec…