Search results for " Cost"
showing 10 items of 3966 documents
Il potere estero delle Regioni nel nuovo Titolo V della Costituzione. Impostazioni teoriche e problemi attuativi.
2007
Lo scritto tende ad approfondire le problematiche sottese alla configurazione del potere estero delle Regioni. In particolare, esso ha riguardo alla giurisprudenza costituzionale successiva alla revisione del 2001, che ha avuto ad oggetto le disposizioni costituzionali in materia e la relativa disciplina attuativa, nonché alla realtà effettuale dell'attività negoziale con enti stranieri posta in essere dalle Regioni a statuto ordinario e dalle Regioni a statuto speciale.
Obiektowy rachunek kosztów usług pasażerskiego transportu samochodowego na przykładzie PKS SA
2018
W dobie silnej konkurencji, dynamicznie zmieniających się warunków rynkowych rachunek kosztów odgrywa ważną rolę, bowiem generuje informacje do podejmowania racjonalnych decyzji. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie możliwości wykorzystania obiektowego rachunku kosztów w działalności usługowej pasażerskiego transportu samochodowego. Zmierzając do osiągnięcia celu, omówiono istotę obiektowego rachunku kosztów oraz korzyści wynikające z jego stosowania. Przedstawiono informacje o spółce – specyfikę przedmiotu działalności, strukturę organizacyjną, bowiem wpływają one na kształt rachunku kosztów. Do rozwiązania przedstawionego problemu badawczego wykorzystano metodę analizy literatury przedmiot…
Ražošanas izmaksas un faktori, kas tās ietekmē, galvenokārt naftas un gāzes uzņēmumos Uzbekistānā
2021
Produkta cenu veidošanās ķēdē vissvarīgākā un būtiskākā loma ir ražošanas izmaksām, tas ir sākumpunkts, kur sākas produkta cenas veidošanās, kas cenu noteikšanā iet cauri tālākiem posmiem, līdz nonāk nonācēju rokās. klients vai patērētājs. Kā tādu nevar uzsvērt nozīmi, kāda ir ražošanas izmaksām un faktoriem, kas tās ietekmē. Uzņēmumi ražošanas izmaksu aprēķināšanai izmanto dažādus modeļus atkarībā no nozares, uzņēmuma lieluma, ieguldījumiem un vēlamajiem rezultātiem. Tā kā naftas un gāzes nozare ir ļoti specializēta un reti korelē ar citām nozarēm, šis pētījums izvirzīja mērķi izpētīt ražošanas izmaksu veidošanas veidu, izmantojot vienu no naftas un gāzes uzņēmumiem. Šajā darbā tika veikts…
Vecchie e nuove minoranze: definizioni e strumenti di tutela
2018
This papers studies different issues related to minorities rights. After trying to define what should be intended as minorities in contemporary West societies and exploring if it is possible to make a difference between old and new minorities, the research focuses on the main issues that are at stake. In particular, the paper aims at discovering which are the rights involved and how such rights can be categorised, as human, cultural, individual or community rights. The research will show how new minorities are in need of having their own identities recognised and protected by our West societies. This requires the achievement of a real process of integration to be carried out through two com…
Hydrological simulation using a bivariate approach based on copulas for the assessment of inundation risk scenarios down-stream of flood control rese…
2021
Aim of this study was to assess operational reservoir rules for evaluating flood risk scenarios using a MonteCarlo bivariate framework. It involves a stochastic procedure to calculate flood hydrographs and, then, flood inundation area evaluation through a 2D hydraulic model to estimate the inundation risk and, as consequence, the relative damage evaluation, under different operation strategies of an upstream reservoir. The entire procedure can be summarised as follows: single synthetic stochastic rainfall events have been derived using a Monte Carlo proce-dure through a bivariate copulas analysis; synthetic bivariate stochastic inflow hydrographs have been derived by using a conceptual full…
Operating leverage and the cost of debt in European agri-food firms
2020
Aim of study: To analyse the effect that operating leverage exerts on the cost of debt of agri-food firms in Europe, both in isolation and indirectly through its other risk factors.Area of study: We used panel data made up of 18,360 European firms from 2009 to 2016 (146,880 observations).Material and methods: The data were extracted from the ORBIS database and EUROSTAT. The econometric approach was estimated by the Generalized Method of Moments.Main results: The results obtained confirm that operating leverage or cost structure, in addition to affecting the cost of debt, also affects the relationship between that cost and other sources of risk. More specifically, indebtedness, size, specifi…
Organizational Learning from Cybersecurity Performance: Effects on Cybersecurity Investment Decisions
2023
AbstractIS literature has identified various economic, performance, and environmental factors affecting cybersecurity investment decisions. However, economic modeling approaches dominate, and research on cybersecurity performance as an antecedent to investments has taken a backseat. Neglecting the role of performance indicators ignores real-world concerns driving actual cybersecurity investment decision-making. We investigate two critical aspects of cybersecurity performance: breach costs and breach identification source, as antecedents to cybersecurity investment decisions. We use organizational learning to theorize how performance feedback from these two aspects of cybersecurity breaches …
The Recovery of the Optimal Damping Constant by the MRF Damper
2009
In this paper was studied a method to analyze the recovering of optimal damping constant because of temperature increasing in a shock absorber. The increasing on temperature leads to decreasing that constant by mean dynamic viscosity such to modify the dynamic behavior of a 2DOF system built-up by sprung and unsprung mass. A MagnetoRheological damper was designed according with the desired optimal damping constant once fixed temperature design. It was seen that the increasing of temperature this constant is lost. As MagnetoRheological-Fluids allows us to increase the viscosity, we use a control signal by a state feedback of reduced order to create a such magnetic induction field to recover …
Dynamic shakedown design of structures under repeated seismic loads
2013
The paper is devoted to the formulation of an optimal design (minimum volume) problem of elastic perfectly plastic structures subjected to suitable combinations of static (fixed) and dynamic (seismic) loads. The structure is constrained to simultaneously respect two different safety criteria; actually, it must exhibit an elastic shakedown behaviour for the combination of loads characterizing the serviceability conditions and it must prevent the instantaneous collapse for the highest expected load condition (combination of loads characterized by the presence of fixed loads and maximum expected intensity of seismic action). The shakedown limit behaviour for the optimal structure will be impos…
Comparison between unrestricted dynamic shakedown design and a new probabilistic approach for structures under seismic loadings
2014
The paper concerns a study related to the comparison between two different approaches utilized for the formulation of an optimal shakedown design problem for elastic plastic frame structures subjected to a combination of fixed and seismic loading. The first formulation utilizes the unrestricted dynamic shakedown theory, while the second one is based on a new probabilistic approach. The comparison is effected in terms of mathematical formulations, in terms of adopted loading models and in terms of numerical results. The performed applications are related to plane steel frames.