Search results for " Criminology"

The institutionalisation of young offenders

1993

Types of Offense among the Cleckley Psychopaths

1994

The Cleckley psychopath is superficially charming and convincing in his behavior but also unreliable and callous. These personality characteristics imply that he/she may be prone to deceive and manipulate others. In the area of criminality, this may mean apropensity to fraud-like offenses. The present paper tested the argument by comparing types of offense committed by psychopaths and nonpsychopaths. The Psychopathy Checklist was used for psychopathy assessments. In a sample of 92 male offenders, the percentage of the Cleckley psychopaths convicted for fraud-like offenses was higher than among the other offenders. The results were discussed with respect to the problem of circular conclusio…

Changes in Violence and Clinical Distress Among Men in Individual Psychotherapy for Violence Against Their Female Partner: An Explorative Study

2021

Most interventions for men who have acted violently toward their partner have been conducted as group interventions within a criminal justice context. Therefore, few studies have examined individual psychotherapy and how such interventions may reduce partner violence. In this study, we aimed to describe changes in violence, and changes in clinical distress in men undergoing individual psychotherapy targeting their use of partner violence, at a clinic organized within a psychosocial health care context. This is a naturalistic prospective study of men voluntarily receiving individual psychotherapy for their use of violence against their female partner. Participants were 84 male clients, and d…

Commentary: Preliminary evaluation of an analog procedure to assess acceptability of intimate partner violence against women: the Partner Violence Ac…

2017

Acceptability of partner violence against women is a risk factor linked to its perpetration, and to public, professionals’ and victims’ responses to this behavior. Research on the acceptability of violence in intimate partner relationships is, however, limited by reliance solely on self-reports that often provide distorted or socially desirable accounts that may misrepresent respondents’ attitudes. This study presents data on the development and initial validation of a new analog task assessing respondents’ acceptability of physical violence toward women in intimate relationships: the Partner Violence Acceptability Movie Task (PVAM). This new analog task is intended to provide a more implic…

Authoritarian exclusion and laissez‐faire inclusion: Comparing the punishment of men convicted of sex offenses in England & Wales and Norway*

2021

Abstract: Comparative penologists have described neoliberal and social democratic jurisdictions as though they exist at opposite ends of a continuum of inclusion and exclusion, and as though neoliberal states are inactive and social democratic states are invasive. This article, which is based on more than 129 interviews with men convicted of sex offenses in England & Wales and Norway, uses Cohen's work on inclusion and McNeill's typology of rehabilitative forms to complicate this simplistic binary. It argues that the punishment of men convicted of sex offenses in England & Wales was demanding but exclusionary; it imposed strict legal restrictions on these men during and after their imprison…

The improvement of quality management system in a porcelain factory

2019

According to SR EN ISO 9000:2015, quality management system can be considered “a set of Policies, Procedures, Processes and resources used to achieve the organization objectives and desired results, by manages the interacting processes, resources required and inter-related parts of the business”. The requirements of a quality management system that need to be implemented by companies in order to produce high quality products and to achieve continual improvement are described in ISO 9001. The aim of this research is to improve the quality management system implemented in a porcelain factory, named S.C. APULUM S.A. The implementation of ISO 9001:2015 in the organization involves monitoring pr…

Perceived family cohesion, social support, and quality of life in patients undergoing treatment for substance use disorders compared with patients wi…

2021

Abstract Purpose Support from family and other social network elements can be important in helping patients to cope with practical and emotional consequences of diseases. The aim of the study was to examine perception of family and social support and quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). We compared them with patients in treatment for mental disorders (MDs) and physical disorders (PDs). Methods We used data from a national multicenter study that recruited patients (N  =  518) from three treatment domains; SUD treatment units, MD treatment units, and PD treatment units (severe neurological conditions or cancer). Data on family cohesion, so…

Criminologia Queer

2018

Il capitolo sottolinea i principali assunti di una criminologia queer — specificamente nel contesto anglo-americano — e considera alcune delle ragioni per le quali invece una criminologia queer ha incontrato ostacoli nel suo sviluppo nel contesto italiano, guardando in particolare alla genealogia biologista-positivista della disciplina e alle derive positivistiche di gran parte delle riflessioni del complesso sociocriminologico italiano. Comprende inoltre una ricognizione dei principali lavori di criminologia queer di produzione anglo-americana, delle (limitate) produzioni del contesto italiano e, per concludere, si esamineranno alcune delle critiche rilevanti che si sono sviluppate in risp…

Effect of treatment on sex offenders' recidivism: a meta-analysis

2017

Este meta-análisis tiene por objetivo medir el efecto del trata- miento en delincuentes sexuales. Tras una revisión sistemática de la litera- tura reciente, fueron seleccionados diecisiete estudios, contando con una muestra total de 6,681 delincuentes sexuales. Las tasas de reincidencia se- xual (13.12% vs. 17.94%), violenta –incluyendo la sexual– (25.5% vs. 29.1%) y general –cualquier tipo de reincidencia– (46.53% vs. 52.41%) de los delincuentes tratados fueron inferiores a las de los grupos control. Se evidenció la eficacia del tratamiento en la reducción de las tasas de reinci- dencia sexual (OR = .69; p< .05) y general (OR = .66; p < .05) de los sujetos tratados, pero no en las tasas de…

Links between adverse childhood experiences, psychopathological symptoms and recidivism risk in juvenile delinquents

2020

Research in the field of developmental psycho-criminology shows that conduct disorders and deviant behaviours are frequently associated with traumatic and adverse developmental experiences. Personality traits and psychopathological symptoms also increase the risk of criminality. However, the role of psychopathological symptoms in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and offending has rarely been researched. The present study was designed to throw further light on these issues by analysing risk factors in a group of adolescents and young adults in a juvenile detention centre in southern Italy. Results support the idea that the accumulation of risk factors is a major factor…