Search results for " Cycles"
showing 6 items of 116 documents
Trends and cycles in U.S. job mobility
2021
Recent studies document a decline in U.S. labor-market fluidity from as early as the 1970s on. Making use of the Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS), I uncover a pronounced increase in job-to-job mobility from the 1970s to the 1990s, i.e., the annual share of continuously employed job-to-job movers rises from 5.9 percent of the labor force in 1975–1979 to 8.8 percent in 1995–1999. Job-to-job mobility exhibits a downward trend only since the turn of the millennium. In order to provide a formal economic interpretation, I additionally estimate the parameters of the random on-the-job search model. Furthermore, I document that job-to-job mobility h…
Data from: Demographic responses of a site-faithful and territorial predator to its fluctuating prey: long-tailed skuas and arctic lemmings
2013
1. Environmental variability, through interannual variation in food availability or climatic variables, is usually detrimental to population growth. It can even select for constancy in key life-history traits, though some exceptions are known. Changes in the level of environmental variability are therefore important to predict population growth or life-history evolution. Recently, several cyclic vole and lemming populations have shown large dynamical changes, that might affect rodent predator demography or life histories. 2. Skuas constitute an important case study among rodent predators, because of their strongly saturating breeding productivity (they lay only two eggs) and high degree of …
Data from: Predator–vole interactions in northern Europe: the role of small mustelids revised
2014
The cyclic population dynamics of vole and predator communities is a key phenomenon in northern ecosystems, and it appears to be influenced by climate change. Reports of collapsing rodent cycles have attributed the changes to warmer winters, which weaken the interaction between voles and their specialist subnivean predators. Using population data collected throughout Finland during 1986–2011, we analyse the spatio-temporal variation in the interactions between populations of voles and specialist, generalist and avian predators, and investigate by simulations the roles of the different predators in the vole cycle. We test the hypothesis that vole population cyclicity is dependent on predator…
The predatory role of white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) in seasonal declines of subtidal macrobenthos
2009
The overall purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative model to assess the influence of L. setiferus predation on subtidal macrobenthic abundance cycles in an estuarine creek system. Subtidal macrobenthic populations in temperate marine soft-bottom environments are known to undergo seasonal abundance cycles. Although the factors responsible for driving these seasonal shifts in abundance are difficult to identify, both environmental and biological factors have received credit. Juvenile white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) are seasonally abundant epibenthic predators in the North Inlet estuary that have significant influence upon estuarine macrobenthic densities. Data generated from …
Essays on labour market institutions and macroeconomic dynamics
2019
Labour market reforms play an important role in the public debate and policy recommendations. This thesis aims to find evidence on how labour market institutions are related to economic dynamics and adjustment. The thesis contains an introductory chapter and three essays. The first essay uses data of OECD countries to study whether differences in labour market institutions explain the differences in business cycle dynamics across OECD countries. The second and third essays use theoretical models to study centralized wage-setting and wage-setting coordination. The results of the first essay suggest that labour market institution variables have explanatory power for the heterogeneity in the v…
Diffusion of Software Technology Innovations in the Global Context
2002
This study examines how software businesses are acquiring new software technology innovations (STIs) in rapidly changing globalized business environment characterized by rapidly shortening software technology life cycles, changing customer demands, and intense competition. It was executed through both theoretical and empirical investigations and analyses. It describes one case company as an example of the diffusion of STI and develops a framework for the diffusion of software technology innovation. The research findings are useful for both further research and industrial settings. peerReviewed