Search results for " DEGRADATION"

showing 10 items of 510 documents

Effect of stress and temperature on the thermomechanical degradation of a PE-LD/OMMT nanocomposites

2014

Thermomechanical degradation of nanocomposites is a topical issue that has not been fully investigated as demonstrated by the low number of papers available in the literature regarding this spe- cific aspect. In particular, with regards to low density polyethylene/clay nanocomposites, the degrada- tion behavior is very complex since it involves the degradation paths of both the polymer matrix and the organomodified nanoclay. In the present work, the effects of mechanical stress and temperature on the thermomechanical behavior of PE-LD/organomodified clay nanocomposites and the degradation paths were investigated by rheological, FT-IR and mechanical methods. The results have shown that the t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceNanocompositePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringRecrystallization (metallurgy)PolymerBranching (polymer chemistry)nanocomposites thermomechanical degradation melt flow rate rheology mechanical propertiesLow-density polyethylenechemistryRheologyMaterials ChemistryPolymer blendComposite materialMelt flow indexPolimery
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A Fractional-Order Model of Biopolyester Containing Naturally Occurring Compounds for Soil Stabilization

2019

Currently, the use of polymers and biopolymers as soil-stabilizer additives for control of the soil degradation, deterioration, and desertification and for improving the arid and semiarid soils has been expanded significantly in the agricultural sector. This research was conducted to determine the effect of naturally occurring compounds, such as quercetin (Q) and sodium montmorillonite (NaMMt) at different weight ratios, in biopolyester, such as polylactic acid (PLA), aiming to formulate ecosustainable materials to control the soil degradation and to protect the environment. As known, the use of sophisticated analytical tools to describe the material rheology and melting properties is nowad…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymer scienceArticle Subjectfractional-order model biopolyester naturally occurring compoundsRelaxation (NMR)General Engineering02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMontmorillonitechemistryPolylactic acidRheologySoil retrogression and degradationSoil stabilizationSoil waterlcsh:TA401-492lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyAdvances in Materials Science and Engineering
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Improvement of the mechanical properties of photo-oxidized films after recycling

2002

Mechanical recycling of post-consumer plastics gives rise, in most cases, to secondary materials with mechanical properties worse than those of the reclaimed polymer. This is mostly due to the thermomechanical treatment undergone during the melt reprocessing operations. In this work, low density polyethylene films have been photo-oxidized in artificial accelerated ageing conditions and then the brittle films have been melt reprocessed. It is shown that the secondary material, after reprocessing, shows mechanical properties, in particular elongation at break, better than those of the photo-oxidized films. This behaviour has been attributed to the fact that the melt reprocessing has the effec…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOxidative degradationPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsMolten stateLow-density polyethyleneBrittlenesschemistryMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistryPhotochemical degradationComposite materialElongationOxygen starvationPolymer Degradation and Stability
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Time-resolved rheology as a tool to monitor the progress of polymer degradation in the melt state - Part I: Thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation …

2015

Abstract Thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of polyamide 11 (PA11) in the melt state (T = 215 °C) are studied by resorting to time-resolved mechanical spectroscopy. Such an approach allows to elude the changes in the rheological properties occurring while testing, thus enabling the rigorous study of polymer degradation in the melt state. Different concurrent degradation reactions in oxidative (air) and non-oxidative (N2) environment are promptly guessed by studying the time evolutions of rheological functions. In particular, changes in the zero-frequency complex viscosity reflects changes in the average molecular weight, while the appearance of a yield stress in the complex viscosity …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsRheometryOrganic ChemistrySize-exclusion chromatographyPolymerSECSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiPolymer degradationChemical engineeringRheologychemistryMALDI- TOF-MSPolyamideThermal degradationThermo-oxidative degradationMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryDegradation (geology)Molar mass distributionRheologyPolyamide 11
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[1] Neoglycoproteins from synthetic glycopeptides

1994

Publisher Summary Saccharide side chains of glycoproteins influence the physicochemical properties of the biomacromolecules and their stability against proteolytic degradation. Saccharide side chains of glycoproteins also play important roles as ligands in biological recognition and in the organized distribution of these compounds within multicellular organisms. Carbohydrate-lectin interactions are important, for example, in viral infections and for the recruitment and invasion of leukocytes into injured tissues. Although in a number of processes carbohydrates were revealed to be decisive recognition labels, in other biological selections peptide sequences proved to be the recognized areas.…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMulticellular organismBiochemistrychemistryCarbohydrate chemistryProteolytic degradationPeptideBiologyGlycoproteinPeptide sequenceEpitopeGlycopeptide
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Anti-/Pro-Oxidant Behavior of Naturally Occurring Molecules in Polymers and Biopolymers: A Brief Review

2019

Polymers and biopolymers are continuously subjected to the action of different stress factors, such as oxygen, heat, UV light, mechanical stress, humidity, etc., during their processing and service life, undergoing overall oxidative degradation, that causes performance and property deterioration. To improve the resistance at high temperatures and long-term weatherability of the polymers and biopolymers, usually, during their manufacturing, synthetic antioxidants and UV-light stabilizers are added. In the past decade, several concerns related to the impact of the synthetic stabilizers have emerged, and to reduce their negative effect on human health and the environment, their replacement wit…

chemistry.chemical_classificationOxidative degradationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymerSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPolyphenols Vitamins Carotenoids Oxidative degradation Polymer and biopolymer protection Melt stabilization Durability Pro-oxidant activity010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPro-oxidant01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesHuman healthSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiChemical engineeringEnvironmental ChemistryMolecule0210 nano-technology
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On new chemical reactions of polymers

1968

Three major areas of work present themselves to a chemist who is concerned with polymer materials namely: synthesis and degradation of polymers; structure analysis of natural and synthetic polymers; and chemical transformations of polymers. Although these three fields are very closely related, I wish to concern myself only with the last of them.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymer degradationOrganic reactionPolymer scienceStructure analysisChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringChemical changeGeneral ChemistryPolymerChemical reactionPure and Applied Chemistry
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1987

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismPolymer degradationchemistryShear (geology)MineralogyLaminar flowPolymerComposite materialDie Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications
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The effect of silica nanoparticles on the morphology, mechanical properties and thermal degradation kinetics of PMMA

2012

Abstract Silica–PMMA nanocomposites with different silica quantities were prepared by a melt compounding method. The effect of silica amount, in the range 1–5 wt.%, on the morphology, mechanical properties and thermal degradation kinetics of PMMA was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 13 C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C{ 1 H} CP-MAS NMR) and measures of proton spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame ( T 1 ρ ( H )), in the laboratory frame ( T 1 ( H )) a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationThermogravimetric analysisNanocompositeMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPMMA Silica 13C{1H} CP-MAS NMR Degradation kineticsInfrared spectroscopyNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyDynamic mechanical analysisPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsAmorphous solidChemical engineeringchemistryMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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A new equipment to measure the combined effect of humidity, temperature, mechanical stress and UV exposure on the creep behaviour of polymers

2008

To be able to study and predict the physical properties of a polymeric material under different environmental conditions is very important. Moisture, UV irradiation, thermal and mechanical stresses can dramatically change the characteristics of the material and hinder some specific applications. In this work, a new equipment able to perform creep tests under different environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, stress) is presented. Some preliminary results are also presented using a sample of polyamide 6. As this polymer is sensitive to all these variables, it is appropriate to verify the effectiveness of the new instrument.

chemistry.chemical_classificationWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMoistureOrganic ChemistryHumidityPolymerAgeing New equipment Photo degradation Creep UV exposure Humidity effectsStress (mechanics)chemistryCreepThermalIrradiationComposite material
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