Search results for " DESIGN."

Methods to determine saddle height in cycling and implications of changes in saddle height in performance and injury risk: A systematic review

2021

The objective of this systematic review was to assess the methods to determine bicycle saddle height and the effects of saddle height on cycling performance and injury risk outcomes. The key motivator of this review was to update and expand the finding reported by a previous narrative review published in 2011. The literature search included all documents from the following databases: Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, OVID and Google Scholar. Studies were screened against the Appraisal tool for Cross-sectional Studies to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. After screening the initial 29,398 articles identified, full-text screening was performed on 66 studies with 41 of these included in t…

The relevance for Public Health of the mid-term and interim analyses of seasonal influenza vaccination effectiveness

2019

Worldwide, influenza is commonly recognized as a respiratory virus that causes a high number of deaths every year, especially among elderly adults and people with chronic illnesses. In order to reduce morbidity and mortality, many countries have implemented, in the last decades, universal influenza vaccination programs with special attention on groups at increased risk of developing the disease, such as pregnant women, children aged 6–59 months, elderly adults and individuals with specific chronic medical conditions. In real-world conditions, observational (nonrandomized) studies on vaccine effectiveness (VE) could measure,the risk reduction of contracting a disease and are considered the g…

Franz Kuhn, his contribution to anaesthesia and emergency medicine.

2001

Franz Kuhn (1866-1929), a German surgeon, made a significant practical and scientific contribution towards the development of modern anaesthesia and emergency medicine. He developed modern, scientifically based concepts in close correlation to practical inventions for every day use. All of his studies and developments were patient orientated and led to remarkable improvements in patient safety. Kuhn was a major protagonist of endotracheal intubation, perfected his flexo-metallic endotracheal tubes, worked on different techniques of intubating the trachea, applied positive pressure to the lungs during thoracic surgery and developed anaesthesia machines. In the early 20th century, he wrote se…

Lasso Technique for Retrieval of a Dislocated and Impacted Esophageal Stent

2004

Effects of a Vibro-Tactile P300 Based Brain-Computer Interface on the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness

2020

Persons diagnosed with disorders of consciousness (DOC) typically suffer from motor and cognitive disabilities. Recent research has shown that non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help assess these patients’ cognitive functions and command following abilities. 20 DOC patients participated in the study and performed 10 vibro-tactile P300 BCI sessions over 10 days with 8–12 runs each day. Vibrotactile tactors were placed on the each patient’s left and right wrists and one foot. Patients were instructed, via earbuds, to concentrate and silently count vibrotactile pulses on either their left or right wrist that presented a target stimulus and to ignore …

Test-retest reliability of adolescents' self-reported physical activity item in two consecutive surveys.

2019

Background National monitoring of school-aged physical activity (PA) behaviours is necessary to inform policy makers. The Finnish School-aged Physical Activity (FSPA – LIITU in Finnish) is a physical activity monitoring study, collecting data from young adolescents aged 11 to 15 years through a nationally representative sample. This study included a single self-reported item question on moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) from the preceding seven days. The question is used widely in the WHO Collaborative Cross-National Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study as a measure of meeting international PA recommendations. This study evaluated the test-retest relia…

Lens implant selection with absence of capsular support.

2001

If contact lens or spectacle correction is not viable, little debate exists that the secondary placement of an intra-ocular lens (IOL) is the method of choice in the absence of capsular support. The choice of IOL mainly depends on the preoperative status of the eye (eg, aphakia in children) and the selected location for the implant. Theoretically, there are several IOL implantation approaches in cases without capsular support: an angle-supported anterior chamber (AC) IOL, an iris-fixated ACIOL, an iris-sutured or iris-fixated posterior chamber (PC) IOL and a transsclerally sutured PCIOL. No consensus exists, however, on the indications as well as on the relative safety and efficacy of these…

New Forceps and Spatula for Easy Retropupillary Implantation of Iris Claw Lenses in Aphakia: Experience in 4 Years of Use

2008

PURPOSE. Retropupillary implantation of an iris claw lens offers a rapid and atraumatic approach for rehabilitation of aphakic eyes. The difficulty in the implantation process arises because of the possibility of losing the intraocular lens (IOL) into the vitreous cavity and the need to change the hand holding the forceps during the enclavation. M ETHODS. The new forceps design radically changes the method of grasping an IOL. It contains an extendable supporting plate with a hook-like end. The instrument achieves a horizontal three-point fixation at the edge of the implant in the 6 and 12 o’clock position in order to prevent slippage into the vitreous cavity during the inclination. The supp…

First-Episode Psychotic Patients Showed Longitudinal Brain Changes Using fMRI With an Emotional Auditory Paradigm

2020

[EN] Most previous longitudinal studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) using cognitive paradigm task found an increased activation after antipsychotic medications. We designed an emotional auditory paradigm to explore brain activation during emotional and nonemotional word processing. This study aimed to analyze if longitudinal changes in brain fMRI BOLD activation is present in patients vs. healthy controls. A group of FEP patients (n = 34) received clinical assessment and had a fMRI scan at baseline and follow-up (average, 25-month interval). During the fMRI scan, both emotional and nonemotional words were presented as a block design. Resu…

Long-Term Effects of Mind-Body Exercises on the Physical Fitness and Quality of Life of Individuals With Substance Use Disorder—A Randomized Trial

2020

Background: Mind-body exercises (MBE) are sequences of low to medium-intensity activities that benefit healthy performers physically and mentally. In contrast to the unmodified application of traditional tai chi, qi gong, or yoga in the healthy population, MBEs are typically tailored for individuals with substance abuse disorder (SUD). Despite numerous applications in practice, the detailed effects of tailor-made MBEs for SUD are unclear.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze and compare changes in the physical fitness and quality of life of individuals with SUD that underwent conventional or tailor-made MBEs.Methods: A total of 100 subjects obtained from the Shanghai Mandatory Detoxificat…