Search results for " DISORDERS"
showing 10 items of 4492 documents
Epidemiological and molecular associations between central nervous system disorders and cancer
2021
The study of comorbidity is becoming a key topic in biomedical research, which is especially relevant in the context of population ageing. Comorbidity has profound implications for individuals, practitioners, and health care systems. As a consequence, increasing efforts are being made by the scientific community to characterize better how disorders relate to each other and to identify the factors producing these associations. Cancer and central nervous system (CNS) disorders are among the top leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. In recent decades direct and inverse patterns of association between CNS disorders and cancer have been reported. However, observational studies ha…
Efficacy of an internet-based psychological intervention for problem gambling and gambling disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
2021
Gambling Disorder is a prevalent non-substance use disorder, which contrasts with the low number of people requesting treatment. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) could help to enhance the dissemination of evidence-based treatments and considerably reduce the costs. The current study seeks to assess the efficacy of an online psychological intervention for people suffering from gambling problems in Spain. The proposed study will be a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. A total of 134 participants (problem and pathological gamblers) will be randomly allocated to a waiting list control group (N = 67) or an intervention group (N = 67). The intervention program i…
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Renin–Angiotensin System Blockade in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review with Network Met…
2016
Background Medications aimed at inhibiting the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) have been used extensively for preventing cardiovascular and renal complications in patients with diabetes, but data that compare their clinical effectiveness are limited. We aimed to compare the effects of classes of RAS blockers on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in adults with diabetes. Methods and Findings Eligible trials were identified by electronic searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1 January 2004 to 17 July 2014). Interventions of interest were angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and direct renin (DR) inhibitors. T…
Specifications and validation of the ACMG/AMP criteria for clinical interpretation of sequence variants in collagen genes associated with joint hyper…
2023
Deleterious variants in collagen genes are the most common cause of hereditary connective tissue disorders (HCTD). Adaptations of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) criteria are still lacking. A multidisciplinary team was set up for developing specifications of the ACMG/AMP criteria for COL1A1, COL1A2, COL2A1, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL5A2, COL11A1, COL11A2 and COL12A1, associated with various forms of HCTD featuring joint hypermobility, which is becoming one of the most common reasons of referral for molecular testing in this field. Such specifications were validated against 209 variants, and resulted effective for classifying as p…
Down-regulation of Endogenous Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing due to Cellular Aging
2005
Processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a well acknowledged central pathogenic mechanism in Alzheimer disease. However, influences of age-associated cellular alterations on the biochemistry of APP processing have not been studied in molecular detail so far. Here, we report that processing of endogenous APP is down-regulated during the aging of normal human fibroblasts (IMR-90). The generation of intracellular APP cleavage products C99, C83, and AICD gradually declines with increasing life span and is accompanied by a reduced secretion of soluble APP (sAPP) and sAPPalpha. Further, the maturation of APP was reduced in senescent cells, which has been shown to be directly mediated by a…
Addictive neurons
2017
Since the reward center is considered to be the area tegmentalis ventralis of the hypothalamus, logically its neurons could mainly be responsible for addiction. However, the literature asserts that almost any neurons of CNS can respond to one or another addictive compound. Obviously not only addictive nicotine, but also alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, heroin and morphine may influence dopaminergic cells alone in VTA. Moreover, paradoxically some of these drugs ameliorate symptoms, counterbalance syndromes, cure diseases and improve health, not only those related to the CNS and in adults, but also almost all other organs and in children, e.g. epilepsy.
Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and me…
2017
PubMed: 28779882
Anorectal malformations and pregnancy-related disorders: a registry-based case-control study in 17 European regions
2013
Objective To identify pregnancy-related risk factors for different manifestations of congenital anorectal malformations (ARMs).Design A population-based case-control study.Setting Seventeen EUROCAT (European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies) registries, 1980-2008.Population The study population consisted of 1417 cases with ARM, including 648 cases of isolated ARM, 601 cases of ARM with additional congenital anomalies, and 168 cases of ARM-VACTERL (vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheo-esophageal, renal, and limb defects), along with 13371 controls with recognised syndromes or chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios …
Epidemiology of eating disorders in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2016
Purpose of reviewEating disorders are currently not considered to be limited to Western culture. We systematically reviewed the existing literature on the prevalence of eating disorders in Latin America.Recent findingsOf 1583 records screened, 17 studies from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela were included in the analysis. Most studies reported point-prevalence rates and only three studies provided lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates. We found a mean point-prevalence rate of 0.1% for anorexia nervosa, 1.16% for bulimia nervosa, and 3.53% for binge-eating disorder (BED) in the general population. Heterogeneity for bulimia nervosa and BED was large. This meta-analys…
Coronavirus Disease 2019–Associated Coagulopathy
2021
Patients with the severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been frequently found to suffer from both arterial and venous thrombotic events due to the perpetuation of a hypercoagulable state. This phenomenon, termed COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CC), is now considered a major component of the pathophysiology of this novel infectious disease, leading to widespread thrombosis. While at first, the vascular insults may be limited to the pulmonary microvasculature, as the disease progresses, systemic involvement occurs, culminating in distant organ thrombosis and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. In this review article, we discuss recent insights into the pathophysiologic mecha…