Search results for " DNA"

showing 10 items of 2475 documents

Shedding Light on the Dark Ages: Sketching Potential Trade Relationships in Early Medieval Romania through Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Sheep Remains

2021

Southeast Europe has played an important role in shaping the genetic diversity of sheep due to its proximity to the Danubian route of transport from the Near East into Europe, as well as its possible role as a post-domestication migration network and long tradition of sheep breeding. The history of Romania and, in particular, the historical province of Dobruja, located on the shore of the Black Sea, has been influenced by its geographical position at the intersection between the great powers of the Near East and mainland Europe, with the Middle Ages being an especially animated time in terms of trade, migration, and conflict. In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial control region of fi…

QH301-705.5media_common.quotation_subject<i>Ovis aries</i>law.invention03 medical and health scienceslawMiddle AgesRadiocarbon datingBiology (General)ancient DNAmitochondrial control region030304 developmental biologyNature and Landscape Conservationmedia_commonmtDNA control region0303 health sciencesMiddle EastEcologyradiocarbon datingEcological Modeling0402 animal and dairy sciencepopulation geneticsEmpiregenetic diversity04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040201 dairy & animal scienceAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)GeographyAncient DNAEthnologyMainlandByzantine architectureDiversity
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Diet of the insectivorous bat 'Pipistrellus nathusii' during autumn migration and summer residence

2013

Migration is widespread among vertebrates, yet bat migration has received little attention and only in the recent decades has a better understanding of it been gained. Migration can cause significant changes in behaviour and physiology, due to increasing energy demands and aerodynamic constraints. Dietary shifts, for example, have been shown to occur in birds before onset of migration. For bats, it is not known if a change in diet occurs during migration, although breeding season–related dietary preference has been documented. It is known that a diet rich in fats and the accumulation of fat deposits do increase the flight range of migratory bats. Some bat species can be regarded as long-dis…

QLInsectabiologyEcologyRange (biology)High-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingInsectivoreSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationLatviaPredationDietLepidoptera genitaliaPipistrellus nathusiiHabitatChiropteraGeneticsSeasonal breederAnimalsAnimal MigrationSeasonsOrnithologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcosystem
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Statistical guidelines for quality control of next-generation sequencing techniques.

2021

Condition-specific statistical guidelines and accurate classification trees for quality control of functional genomics NGS files (RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and DNase-seq) have been generated using thousands of reference files from the ENCODE project and made available to the community.

Quality ControlComputer scienceHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectControl (management)genetic processes26Plant ScienceBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)HumansQuality (business)Statistical analysisRelevance (information retrieval)natural sciencesResearch Articlesmedia_commonEcologyScope (project management)Genome HumanComputational BiologyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing15Sequence Analysis DNA11Data scienceComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESSoftwareResearch ArticleLife science alliance
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The EDNAP mitochondrial DNA population database (EMPOP) collaborative exercises: organisation, results and perspectives.

2003

This paper presents an overview of the organisation and the results of the collaborative exercises (CE) of the European DNA Profiling (EDNAP) Group's mitochondrial DNA population database project (EMPOP). The aim of the collaborative exercises was to determine whether uniformity of mtDNA sequencing results could be achieved among different laboratories. These were asked to sequence either the complete mtDNA control region or the two hypervariable regions HVI (16024-16365) and HVII (73-340) from DNA extracts, buccal swabs or bloodstains, proceeding in accordance with the protocol and strategies used in each individual laboratory. The results of the collaborative exercises were employed to id…

Quality ControlMitochondrial DNAPopulationContext (language use)Biologycomputer.software_genreDNA MitochondrialPolymerase Chain ReactionPathology and Forensic MedicinePopulation DatabaseHumansCooperative BehavioreducationDNA PrimersmtDNA control regionGeneticsProtocol (science)education.field_of_studybusiness.industryClinical Laboratory TechniquesSequence Analysis DNAForensic MedicineHypervariable regionGenetics PopulationDNA profilingArtificial intelligencebusinessDatabases Nucleic AcidLawcomputerNatural language processingForensic science international
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RabbitQC: high-speed scalable quality control for sequencing data

2019

Abstract Motivation Modern sequencing technologies continue to revolutionize many areas of biology and medicine. Since the generated datasets are error-prone, downstream applications usually require quality control methods to pre-process FASTQ files. However, existing tools for this task are currently not able to fully exploit the capabilities of computing platforms leading to slow runtimes. Results We present RabbitQC, an extremely fast integrated quality control tool for FASTQ files, which can take full advantage of modern hardware. It includes a variety of operations and supports different sequencing technologies (Illumina, Oxford Nanopore and PacBio). RabbitQC achieves speedups between …

Quality ControlStatistics and ProbabilityFASTQ formatDownstream (software development)Exploitmedia_common.quotation_subjectBiochemistryNanopores03 medical and health sciencesSoftwareQuality (business)Molecular Biology030304 developmental biologymedia_common0303 health sciencesbusiness.industry030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingSequence Analysis DNAComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsTask (computing)Computational Theory and MathematicsComputer architectureScalabilityNanopore sequencingbusinessSoftwareBioinformatics
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A nanodosimetric model of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage yields

2010

International audience; We present a nanodosimetric model for predicting the yield of double strand breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB clustered damages induced in irradiated DNA. The model uses experimental ionization cluster size distributions measured in a gas model by an ion counting nanodosimeter or, alternatively, distributions simulated by a Monte Carlo track structure code developed to simulate the nanodosimeter. The model is based on a straightforward combinatorial approach translating ionizations, as measured or simulated in a sensitive gas volume, to lesions in a DNA segment of one-two helical turns considered equivalent to the sensitive volume of the nanodosimeter. The two model paramete…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAlgorithms Computer Simulation DNA/*radiation effects DNA Breaks[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph]Genetic Monte Carlo Method Nanotechnology/instrumentation/*methods Plasmids/radiation effects Probability Protons/adverse effects Radiometry/instrumentation/*methods Reproducibility of Results Saccharomyces cerevisiae SoftwareDouble-Stranded/radiation effects DNA Damage/*radiation effects Helium/adverse effects *Models
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Aza-isoindolo and isoindolo-azaquinoxaline derivatives with antiproliferative activity

2015

Abstract Three new ring systems, pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrrolo[1,2- a ]quinoxalines, pyrido[3′,2′:3,4]pyrrolo[1,2- a ]quinoxalines and pyrido[2′,3′:5,6]pyrazino[2,1- a ]isoindoles, were synthesized through an aza-substitution on the already active isoindolo-quinoxaline system and in particular in the position 7 or 4 of the isoindole moiety and in position 5 of the quinoxaline portion. All new compounds were screened by the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, MD) against a panel of 60 human tumor cell lines. Biological results of the most active derivatives, with pGI 50 values between 7.09 and 7.27, confirmed the importance of the presence of methoxy substituents for biological activity. The ant…

QuinoxalineIsoindolesAzaisoindolo-quinoxalinesStereochemistryAntiproliferative activity; Apoptosis; Azaisoindolo-quinoxalines; DNA interaction; Isoindolo-azaquinoxalines; Quinoxalines; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Aza Compounds; Cell Line Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Screening Assays Antitumor; Humans; Isoindoles; Molecular Structure; Quinoxalines; Structure-Activity Relationship; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; Pharmacology; Medicine (all)ApoptosisAntineoplastic AgentsAntiproliferative activityIsoindolesRing (chemistry)Drug Screening AssaysCell LineDose-Response Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipQuinoxalineCell Line TumorQuinoxalinesDrug DiscoverymedicineMoietyHumansAntiproliferative activity; Apoptosis; Azaisoindolo-quinoxalines; DNA interaction; Isoindolo-azaquinoxalines; Quinoxalines; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; PharmacologyCell ProliferationPharmacologyAza CompoundsAzaisoindolo-quinoxalineTumorDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceMedicine (all)Organic ChemistryApoptosiBiological activityGeneral MedicineAntitumorCell cycleSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaDNA interactionSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMechanism of actionchemistryIsoindolo-azaquinoxalineDrug Screening Assays Antitumormedicine.symptomDrugIsoindoleIsoindolo-azaquinoxalines
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Non-coding RNAs at the Eukaryotic rDNA Locus: RNA–DNA Hybrids and Beyond

2019

The human ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus encodes a variety of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Among them, the canonical ribosomal RNAs that are the catalytic components of the ribosomes, as well as regulatory lncRNAs including promoter-associated RNAs (pRNA), stress-induced promoter and pre-rRNA antisense RNAs (PAPAS), and different intergenic spacer derived lncRNA species (IGSRNA). In addition, externally encoded lncRNAs are imported into the nucleolus, which orchestrate the complex regulation of the nucleolar state in normal and stress conditions via a plethora of molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on the triplex and R-loop formation aspects of lncRNAs at the rDNA locus in yeast and hu…

R-loopNucleolusBiologyDNA RibosomalRibosome03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineStructural BiologyTranscription (biology)YeastsHumansMolecular BiologyRibosomal DNA030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesRibosomal RNANon-coding RNAchemistryDNA IntergenicRNA Long NoncodingR-Loop StructuresCell Nucleolus030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDNADNA DamageJournal of Molecular Biology
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Use of selected autochthonous lactic acid bacteria for Spanish-style table olive fermentation

2012

The present work presents a successful attempt to achieve an enhanced and more predictable fermentation process in Spanish-style green olive technology by selection and use of autochthonous starter cultures. During the first phase of this work, two Spanish-like fermentations of green table olives of cultivar (cv) “Nocellara del Belice”, coming from irrigated and not irrigated fields, were monitored, in order to highlight the best agricultural conditions for drupe production and to isolate lactic acid bacteria strains with relevant technological properties. Among 88 identified isolates, one Lactobacillus pentosus strain showed remarkable biochemical features and high acidification rate in sy…

RAPD-PCRChemical PhenomenaFood HandlingPopulationColony Count MicrobialLactobacillus pentosusBiologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundStarterBriningOleaGreen table oliveFood scienceCultivareducationeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryLactobacillus pentosufood and beveragesHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationRandom Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueLactic acidBiotechnologySettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreechemistryLactobacillaceaeFermentationGreen tables oliveFood MicrobiologySaltsFermentationbusinessBacteriaSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood ScienceFood Microbiology
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MUTAZIONI: TIPI, ORIGINI, CONSEGUENZE

2013

RICOMBINAZIONE RIPARAZIONE DNAGENETICA MOLECOLARETECNOLOGIE GENETICHECARIOTIPO
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