Search results for " Decision making"

Imputazione e responsabilità delle decisioni automatizzate

2020

The paper deals with the problem of the imputation of the automated decision making of the public administration, with consequent liability. The idea is to use the theory of bodies of the public administration, and the principle of responsability (art. 97 Cost.), and the responsible for the procedure, who has to verify, among other things, the reasonableness of the solution that is reached through the automated procedure, in order to assume responsibility for the final decision.

Is more choice always worse? Age differences in the overchoice effect

2015

ABSTRACTCurrent research on the overchoice effect has been mainly conducted from an adult point of view and with adult subjects. This study investigates whether children, adolescents, and seniors suffer the same negative consequences as adults when facing an overabundance of choice. Findings showed that the overchoice effect did not equally extend to all age groups. While adolescents were affected by the phenomenon in a very similar way as adults, children and seniors suffered fewer negative consequences of an overabundance of choice. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Maximizing versus satisficing in the digital age: Disjoint scales and the case for “construct consensus”

2018

Abstract A question facing us today, in the new and rapidly evolving digital age, is whether searching for the best option – being a maximizer – leads to greater happiness and better outcomes than settling on the first good enough option found – or “satisficing.” Answers to this question inform behavioural insights to improve well-being and decision-making in policy and organizational settings. Yet, the answers to this fundamental question of measurement of the happiness of a maximizer versus a satisficer in the current psychological literature are: 1) conflicting; 2) anchored on the use of the first scale published to measure maximization as an individual-difference, and 3) unable to descr…

Happiness by personality traits: the mediating role of decision-making tendencies

Background: Prior work has shown that happiness is associated with high levels of extroversion and low levels of neuroticism; whereas conscientiousness and agreeableness have also been found to be moderately associated with subjective well-being and happiness.Nevertheless, the reasons why personality traits are linked to subjective well-being remain poorly interpreted. As a consequence, the identification of mediating variables could be strategic for better understanding of the reasons for well-being. One promising avenue has been the focus on individuals’ tendencies in decision-making which may alter happiness levels. The relationships between well-being and maximizing vs. satisficing tend…

The Decision Making Tendency Inventory: A new measure to assess maximizing, satisficing, and minimizing

2015

Abstract We introduce the Decision Making Tendency Inventory (DMTI), a new scale for measuring the decision-making tendencies to maximize, to satisfice, and to minimize. The scale has promising psychometric properties. Our findings show that the revealed tendencies are independent from each other and from the specific decision-making domain. Each factor is differently related to a set of indices of well-being and functioning, suggesting intriguing considerations regarding the distinctive characteristics of maximizing, satisficing, and minimizing. The DMTI extends previous research on maximizing and might contribute to explain the inconsistent results in the literature. Directions for future…

VALUE OF INFORMED CONSENT IN AESTHETIC DENTAL PROCEDURES

2020

In the last decade there have been an exponential increase in both the supply and demand for non invasive aesthetic procedures involving the face and the lips to contrast age changes in the perioral area. We briefly report the main non invasive aesthetics treatments in which dentists are involved and the professional liability related to the issues of informed consent. To avoid deontological and judiciary consequences the informed consent has to be obtained by the patient before any clinical procedure and documented in medical record. Recently Italian law no. 219/2017 highlighted the principle of autonomy and self-determination of patient and maximizes an optimal relationship between patien…

Democrazia e consultazione on line. Nuova edizione rivista e aggiornata

2023

Il volume è stato immaginato per gli studenti dei corsi di laurea in comunicazione, per gli studiosi e gli operatori della comunicazione pubblica. Integra infatti riflessioni su comunicazione e decisioni pubbliche, democrazia e media digitali, ripercorrendo il dibattito sulla consultazione elettronica attraverso discipline e settori differenti. Il testo, a partire da una riflessione teorica sulla democrazia deliberativa, esamina in modo critico la risposta tecnologica al declino della partecipazione politica a livello internazionale. Presenta le tecniche di consultazione pubblica on line, gli standard minimi, possibili strumenti di pianificazione (metodologica e comunicativa), in una prospe…

Social decision making on technology and the environment in Spain

1999

Abstract This paper outlines the current status of the direct participation of citizens and public interest groups in decision making, on issues related to technology and the environment in the context of one specific country, namely Spain. It presents the kind of public participation possible today in Spain, where participatory management of technology is still relatively limited. The article analyzes the causes for the current situation, based on several recent case studies, as well as views expressed by key actors. The cases described, encompass a wide range of modern technologies, and include genetic engineering, environmental information, forestry management, and also the environmental…

One-directional quantum mechanical dynamics and an application to decision making

2020

In recent works we have used quantum tools in the analysis of the time evolution of several macroscopic systems. The main ingredient in our approach is the self-adjoint Hamiltonian $H$ of the system $\Sc$. This Hamiltonian quite often, and in particular for systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom, gives rise to reversible and oscillatory dynamics. Sometimes this is not what physical reasons suggest. We discuss here how to use non self-adjoint Hamiltonians to overcome this difficulty: the time evolution we obtain out of them show a preferable arrow of time, and it is not reversible. Several applications are constructed, in particular in connection to information dynamics.

Reusing coffee ground waste in manufacture of novel sustainable product

2021

Coffee is one of the most important commodities in the world. Every year the coffee industry is responsible for generating a large amount of wastes, mainly Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs). The traditional disposal of this residue into the environment should be avoided due to its toxicity and organic character. Because of the decrease in nonrenewable natural resources, society has been making a huge effort to valorize and reuse several types of wastes in the production of novel sustainable products. In this regard, construction is considered one of the most energy-intensive sectors. As a consequence, the goals of sustainability and energy efficiency must be prosecuted to achieve the results expe…