Search results for " Decision support System"
showing 9 items of 89 documents
Hume’s Guillotine in Designing Ethically Intelligent Technologies
2020
Intelligent machines can follow ethical rules in their behaviour. However, it is less clear whether intelligent systems can also create new ethical principles. The former position can be called weak ethical AI and the latter strong ethical AI. Hume’s guillotine which claims that one cannot derive values from facts appears to be a fundamental obstacle to strong ethical AI. The analysis of human ethical information processes provides clarity to the possibility of strong ethical AI. Human ethical information processing begins with positive of negative emotions associated to situations. Situations can be seen as consequences of actions and for this reason people can define rules about acceptabi…
Hume’s Guillotine Resolved
2020
According to Hume’s guillotine, one cannot derive values from facts. Since intelligent systems are fact processors, one can ask how ethical machines can be possible. However, ethics is a real-life process. People analyze actions and situations emotionally and cognitively. Thus they learn rules, such as “this situation feels good/bad.” The cognitive analysis of actions is associated with emotional analysis. The association of action, emotion and cognition can be termed a primary ethical schema. Through an ethical information process in which emotions and cognitions interact in social discourse, primary ethical schemas are refined into ethical norms. Each component of the process is different…
Bridging from research evidence to health policy and from health policy to clinical practice: the case of the Spanish strategy for mental health
2009
Introduction: In the last 30 years the Spanish NHS has evolved from a tightly centralized structure to seventeen autonomous regional health systems. As a result a number of benefits have been obtained but also important side-effects such as unjustified variation in clinical practice and a substantial loss of equity. Description: To deal with these unwanted developments the Spanish Inter-territorial Board of the NHS has recently approved and launched several health strategies on priority areas: diabetes, coronary ischemia, palliative care, cancer and mental health. The strategies are based on scientific evidence or consensus and they have been agreed on by all the regions. However, the degre…
Clinical Decision Support System To Prevent Toxicity In Patients Treated With Digoxin
2011
In this chapter, authors develop a system for prevention and detection of congestive heart failure and fibrillation. Due to its narrow therapeutic range more than 10% of the patients treated with DGX can suffer toxic effects, but it is estimated that half of the cases of digitalis toxicity could be prevented. Two multivariate models were developed to prevent digitalis toxicity.
Overvåking av vitale parametere i sykehus : En sammenligning av manuelle og elektroniske overvåkingssystemer
2018
Masteroppgave i helse- og sosialinformatikk HSI500 - Universitetet i Agder 2018 Adverse events can be avoided by timely recognition of derangements in vital signs. Sørlandet Hospital HF (SSHF) has implemented an Early Warning Score System named "TILT"; 2Early identification of life-threatening conditions”. In 2017 SSHF started a project that tested wireless sensors for continuous monitoring of vital signs on wards. Patients were monitored by sensors and vital signs were also measured by traditional means during the project period. The aim of this study was to examine compliance with the vital signs monitoring protocol, and to examine the benefits of an electronic system. The following quest…
Towards a New System for the Assessment of the Quality in Care Pathways: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.
2020
Clinical or care pathways are developed by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare practitioners, based on clinical evidence, and standardized processes. The evaluation of their framework/content quality is unclear. The aim of this study was to describe which tools and domains are able to critically evaluate the quality of clinical/care pathways. An overview of systematic reviews was conducted, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, from 2015 to 2020, and with snowballing methods. The quality of the reviews was assessed with Assessment the Methodology of Systemati…
how to increase ship real time operational capabilities by integration of CBM, reliability presdiction, mission tasks and DSS: an overview of the eol…
2009
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE METROPOLITAN AREAS USING A MULTI-SCALE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
2012
A sustainable and sustaining planning strategy is globally important for metropolitan areas. Sustainable planning addresses the development of strategies to reduce the use of resources, increase economic efficiency and improve integration of social aspects. In contrast, splinter development (e.g. urban sprawl) involves damage to nature and generation of an increasing volume of traffic (these are the main criticisms following a study by Newman and Kenworthy (1989) on the relationship between settlement density and energy consumption). Interestingly, the overly compact city also has this effect as it may generate traffic flows for accessing green and leisure areas, or changes of residence due…
An intelligent learning support system
2017
Fast-growing technologies are shaping many aspects of societies. Educational systems, in general, are still rather traditional: learner applies for school or university, chooses the subject, takes the courses, and finally graduates. The problem is that labor markets are constantly changing and the needed professional skills might not match with the curriculum of the educational program. It might be that it is not even possible to learn a combination of desired skills within one educational organization. For example, there are only a few universities that can provide high-quality teaching in several different areas. Therefore, learners may have to study specific modules and units somewhere e…