Search results for " Detection"
showing 10 items of 1676 documents
Probabilistic graphical model identifies clusters of EEG patterns in recordings from neonates
2018
Abstract Objectives In this paper we introduce a novel method for the evaluation of neonatal brain function via multivariate EEG (electroencephalography) signal processing and embedding into a probabilistic graph, the so called Chow-Liu tree. Methods Using 28 EEG recordings of preterm and term neonate infants the complex features of the EEG signals were constructed in the form of a Chow-Liu tree. The trees were embedded into a 3 dimensional Euclidean space. Clustering of specific EEG patterns was done by complete linkage algorithm. Results Our analytic tool was able to build clusters of patients with pathological EEG findings. In particular, we were able to make a visual proof on a 3d multi…
Hippocampus responds to auditory change in rabbits
2010
Any change or novelty in the auditory environment is potentially important for survival. The cortex has been implicated in the detection of auditory change whereas the hippocampus has been associated with the detection of auditory novelty. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from the CA1 area of the hippocampus in waking rabbits. In the oddball condition, a rare tone of one frequency (deviant) randomly replaced a repeated tone of another frequency (standard). In the equal-probability condition, the standard was replaced by a set of tones of nine different frequencies in order to remove the repetitive auditory background of the deviant (now labelled as control-deviant) while preservi…
Association Between Chromosome 9p21 Variants and the Ankle-Brachial Index Identified by a Meta-Analysis of 21 Genome-Wide Association Studies
2012
Background— Genetic determinants of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remain largely unknown. To identify genetic variants associated with the ankle-brachial index (ABI), a noninvasive measure of PAD, we conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study data from 21 population-based cohorts. Methods and Results— Continuous ABI and PAD (ABI ≤0.9) phenotypes adjusted for age and sex were examined. Each study conducted genotyping and imputed data to the ≈2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HapMap. Linear and logistic regression models were used to test each SNP for association with ABI and PAD using additive genetic models. Study-specific data were combined using fi…
Socio-demographic, health-related, and individual correlates of diagnostic self-testing by lay people: Results from a representative survey in Germany
2017
Introduction A broad range of self-tests (testing for e.g. HIV, cancer, hepatitis B/C) have become available and can be conducted by lay consumers without the help of a health professional. The aims of this study were to (a) investigate the prevalence of self-testing, (b) identify the most frequently used self-tests, and (c) explore the associations between socio-demographic, health-related and individual factors with self-testing. Methods A face-to-face plus paper-pencil cross-sectional survey was conducted. The sample consisted of 2.527 respondents who were representative of the German population in terms of the age, sex, and residence. Basic descriptive statistics and univariate logistic…
Using transdermal iontophoresis to increase granisetron delivery across skin in vitro and in vivo: effect of experimental conditions and a comparison…
2010
The objectives of the study were (i) to investigate the effect of experimental parameters on the iontophoretic transport of granisetron, (ii) to identify the relative contributions of electromigration (EM) and electroosmosis (EO), (iii) to determine the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and (iv) to test the in vitro results in a simple animal model in vivo. Preliminary in vitro studies using aqueous granisetron formulations investigating the effect of drug concentration (5, 10, 20 and 40 mM) and current density (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mA cm(-2)) were performed using porcine ear skin. As expected, cumulative delivery in…
Applications of OralCDx ® methodology in the diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
2011
Objective: We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the brush biopsy technique using OralCDx ® (OralScan Laboratories Inc., Suffern, NY) as a new method for early diagnosis and control of a “potentially malignant disorder” such as oral leukoplakia. Design of the study: We performed a study in which samples were taken using OralCDx ® on 24 patients who visited the Master of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology of the University of Santiago de Compostela between February 2009 and May 2010. These patients presented clinical and histological lesions that were consistent with oral leukoplakia. We evaluated the relationship between the keratinization degree of the lesions and cell represen…
Estimation of Values below the Limit of Detection of a Contemporary Sensitive Troponin I Assay Improves Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
2015
Abstract BACKGROUND The limit of detection (LoD) is the minimal amount of a substance that can be consistently detected. In the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) many patients present with troponin concentrations below the LoD of contemporary sensitive cardiac troponin I (cs-cTnI) assays. These censored values below the LoD influence the diagnostic performance of these assays compared to highly sensitive cTnI (hs-cTnI) assays. Therefore we assessed the impact of a new approach for interpolation of the left-censored data of a cs-cTnI assay in the evaluation of patients with suspected AMI. METHODS Our posthoc analysis used a real world cohort of 1818 patients with suspected MI. D…
Long-term effect of faecal occult blood screening on incidence and mortality from colorectal cancer
2014
Abstract Background Several randomized trials have shown a reduction of colorectal cancer mortality by screening using guaiac-based faecal occult blood tests. However, little is known on the long-term effect of screening at the population level in everyday practice. Methods Small-sized geographic areas including a total of 91,199 individuals were allocated to either biennal screening using the Hemoccult-II test or no screening. The expected mortality and incidence in the cohort invited to screening was determined using mortality and incidence in the non-screened population. Results Colorectal cancer mortality was significantly lower in the population invited to screening than in the non-scr…
Delay in the Diagnosis of Breast and Colorectal Cancer in People With Severe Mental Disorders
2020
Background People with severe mental disorders have a worse cancer prognosis, with higher mortality rates than the general population, and this could be partially attributed to a later detection. Breast cancer and colorectal cancer have mass population screenings in Spain, but the influence in early diagnosis is unknown in persons with severe mental disorders. Objective To compare the severity of breast and colorectal cancers at diagnosis in people with and without mental disorders. Methods This was an observational, retrospective, case-control study with 1:2 matching performed in Eastern Spain. Data were retrieved for analysis from electronic medical records. Results The study included 111…
Editor's Choice – Occurrence and Classification of Proximal Type I Endoleaks After EndoVascular Aneurysm Sealing Using the Nellix™ Device
2017
Objective/Background Proximal type I endoleaks are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth and rupture and necessitate repair. The Nellix™ EndoVascular Aneurysm Sealing (EVAS) system is a unique approach to AAA repair, where the appearance and treatment of endoleaks is also different. This study aimed to analyse and categorise proximal endoleaks in an EVAS treated cohort. Methods All patients, treated from February 2013 to December 2015, in 15 experienced EVAS centres, presenting with proximal endoleak were included. Computed tomography scans were analysed by a core laboratory. A consensus meeting was organised to discuss and qualify each case for selection, technical aspects…