Search results for " Detector"

showing 10 items of 2719 documents

Vertical Beam Polarization at MAMI

2017

For the first time a vertically polarized electron beam has been used for physics experiments at MAMI in the energy range between 180 and 855 MeV. The beam-normal single-spin asymmetry $A_{\mathrm{n}}$, which is a direct probe of higher-order photon exchange beyond the first Born approximation, has been measured in the reaction $^{12}\mathrm C(\vec e,e')^{12}\mathrm C$. Vertical polarization orientation was necessary to measure this asymmetry with the existing experimental setup. In this paper we describe the procedure to orient the electron polarization vector vertically, and the concept of determining both its magnitude and orientation with the available setup. A sophisticated method has …

Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhotonmedia_common.quotation_subjectVertical polarization[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesElectron acceleratorElectronMott polarimeter01 natural sciencesAsymmetrylaw.inventionOpticsMøller polarimeterlaw0103 physical sciencesCompton polarimeter[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Born approximation010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Instrumentationmedia_commonPhysicsWien filter010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryParticle acceleratorPolarimeterInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Wien filterPolarization (waves)Electron accelerator ; Vertical polarization ; Wien filter ; Compton polarimeter ; Mott polarimeter ; Møller polarimeterPhysics - Accelerator Physicsbusiness
researchProduct

Transition-Edge Sensors for Particle Induced X-ray Emission Measurements

2013

In this paper we present a new measurement setup, where a transitionedge sensor detector array is used to detect X-rays in particle induced X-ray emission measurements with a 2 MeV proton beam. Transition-edge sensors offer orders of magnitude improvement in energy resolution compared to conventional silicon or germanium detectors, making it possible to recognize spectral lines in materials analysis that have previously been impossible to resolve, and to get chemical information from the elements. Our sensors are cooled to the operation temperature (65 mK) with a cryogen-free adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, which houses a specially designed X-ray snout that has a vacuum tight window…

Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMaterials scienceProtonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsOrders of magnitude (temperature)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumRadiationSpectral lineOpticsGeneral Materials Scienceparticle induced X-ray emission (PIXE)Emission spectrumbusiness.industryDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)transition-edge sensorCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFull width at half maximumchemistryPhysics - Accelerator PhysicsbusinessTESJournal of Low Temperature Physics
researchProduct

Characterization and Tuning of Ultra High Gradient Permanent Magnet Quadrupoles

2009

The application of quadrupole devices with high field gradients and small apertures requires precise control over higher order multipole field components. We present a new scheme for performance control and tuning, which allows the illumination of most of the quadrupole device aperture because of the reduction of higher order field components. Consequently, the size of the aperture can be minimized to match the beam size achieving field gradients of up to $500\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{T}\text{ }{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at good imaging quality. The characterization method based on a Hall probe measurement and a Fourier analysis was confirmed using the high quality electron beam at the M…

Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)electron beamNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorscompactmagneticlensPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)AperturemultipoleFOS: Physical sciencespermanenthalbachx-felNuclear magnetic resonancetuningquadrupolelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityQuadrupole magnetMicrotronPhysicsOrder (ring theory)Surfaces and InterfacesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)beam focusingComputational physicsMagnetQuadrupolelcsh:QC770-798Physics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics - Accelerator PhysicsMultipole expansion
researchProduct

Opportunities and limitations of in-gas-cell laser spectroscopy of the heaviest elements with RADRIS

2022

International audience; The radiation detection resonance ionization spectroscopy (RADRIS) technique enables laser spectroscopic investigations of the heaviest elements which are produced in atom-at-a-time quantities from fusion-evaporation reactions. To achieve a high efficiency, laser spectroscopy is performed in a buffer-gas environment used to thermalize and stop the high-energy evaporation residues behind the velocity filter SHIP. The required cyclic measurement procedure in combination with the applied filament collection for neutralization as well as confinement of the stopped ions and subsequent pulse-heat desorption constrains the applicability of the technique. Here, some of these…

Actinidesactinideslaser spectroscopygas celltutkimusmenetelmätSuper heavy elements[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Laser spectroscopy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]laserspektroskopiasuper heavy elementsGas cell
researchProduct

Developments towards in-gas-jet laser spectroscopy studies of actinium isotopes at LISOL

2015

To study exotic nuclides at the borders of stability with laser ionization and spectroscopy techniques, highest efficiencies in combination with a high spectral resolution are required. These usually opposing requirements are reconciled by applying the in-gas-laser ionization and spectroscopy (IGLIS) technique in the supersonic gas jet produced by a de Laval nozzle installed at the exit of the stopping gas cell. Carrying out laser ionization in the low-temperature and low density supersonic gas jet eliminates pressure broadening, which will significantly improve the spectral resolution. This article presents the required modifications at the Leuven Isotope Separator On-Line (LISOL) facility…

ActiniumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRocket engine nozzleSeparator (oil production)chemistry.chemical_elementactinium[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesResonance ionization spectroscopylaw.inventionAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationlawIonization0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationGas jetJet (fluid)ta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsChemistrygas cellLaserActiniumresonance ionization spectroscopygas jetAtomic physicsGas cellNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
researchProduct

Exposure assessment of fruits contaminated with pesticide residues from Valencia, 2001– 03

2006

A total of 634 samples of oranges, tangerines, peaches, nectarines, khakis and watermelons were collected from an Agricultural Valencia Community Cooperative during the May 2001 to April 2003 campaigns and they were analysed for 15 pesticides among those recommended for pest treatment. A conventional multiresidue analytical procedure based on ethyl acetate extraction was used followed by gas chromatography coupled to a nitrogen phosphorus detector for routine analysis; and mass spectrometry was performed for confirmation. Recovery studies with spiked samples at 0.5 mg kg-1 for each pesticide ranged from 52% for acephate to 87% for fenthion with a standard deviation20%. Limits of quantificat…

AdultAcceptable daily intakeHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisFood ContaminationToxicologyToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundHumansAcephateChromatographyNitrogen–phosphorus detectorFenthionPesticide residuePesticide ResiduesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthEnvironmental ExposureGeneral ChemistryPesticideDietchemistrySpainChemistry (miscellaneous)FruitMalathionMaximum Allowable ConcentrationGas chromatographyFood AnalysisFood ScienceFood Additives and Contaminants
researchProduct

Risk assessment of benzene in food samples of Iran's market

2018

Abstract The concentration of benzene in ninety-eight collected food and drink samples (carbonated beverage, fruit juice, pickle, lime juice, mayonnaise and salad dressing, 16 samples from each) from Iran local markets were investigated using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Moreover, the correlation of benzene concentration with sodium benzoate and ascorbic acid concentrations was assessed. Benzene concentration in carbonated beverages, fruit juices, pickle, lime juices, mayonnaise and salad dressing were 3.57 ± 1.70, 5.17 ± 3.63, 4.37 ± 2.24, 4.99 ± 0.54, 1.38 ± 0.87 and 1.47 ± 0.83 μg/L, respectively, being in all cases below the acceptable limit (10 μ…

AdultMaleAdolescentCarbonated BeveragesFood ContaminationAscorbic AcidIran010501 environmental sciencesengineering.materialToxicologyRisk Assessment01 natural sciencesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryWorld healthlaw.inventionYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologylawHumansFlame ionization detectorFood scienceBenzene0105 earth and related environmental sciencesLimeLime JuiceBenzene04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedAscorbic acid040401 food sciencechemistryengineeringSodium benzoateFemaleGas chromatographyFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
researchProduct

Probabilistic liver atlas construction

2017

Background Anatomical atlases are 3D volumes or shapes representing an organ or structure of the human body. They contain either the prototypical shape of the object of interest together with other shapes representing its statistical variations (statistical atlas) or a probability map of belonging to the object (probabilistic atlas). Probabilistic atlases are mostly built with simple estimations only involving the data at each spatial location. Results A new method for probabilistic atlas construction that uses a generalized linear model is proposed. This method aims to improve the estimation of the probability to be covered by the liver. Furthermore, all methods to build an atlas involve p…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceStatistics as TopicBiomedical EngineeringGeneralized linear modelcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)Coregistration methodImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProbabilistic atlasAgedProbabilityAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryAtlas (topology)ResearchProbabilistic logicPattern recognitionGeneral MedicineProbabilistic atlasMiddle AgedObject (computer science)Magnetic Resonance ImagingAnatomical atlasAtlas variabilityLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnatomical atlasFemaleArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBioMedical Engineering OnLine
researchProduct

A robust aerial image registration method using Gaussian mixture models

2014

Aerial image registration is one of the bases in many aerospace applications, such as aerial reconnaissance and aerial mapping. In this paper, we propose a novel aerial image registration algorithm which is based on Gaussian mixture models. First of all, considering the characters of the aerial images, the work uses a shape feature detector which computes the boundaries of regions with nearly the same gray-value to extract invariant feature. Then, a Gaussian mixture models (GMM) based image registration model is built and solved to estimate the transformation matrix between two aerial images. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied on real aerial images, and the results demonstrate the …

Aerial surveyComputer sciencebusiness.industryFeature detectorCognitive NeuroscienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage registrationComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMSPattern recognitionComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionMixture modelAerial images; Feature detector; Gaussian mixture models; Image registration; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Cognitive Neuroscience; Artificial IntelligenceComputer Science ApplicationsComputer Science::RoboticsComputer Science::Systems and ControlArtificial IntelligenceComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionAerial imagesComputer visionAerial reconnaissanceArtificial intelligenceGaussian mixture modelsbusinessAerial imageImage registration
researchProduct

Application of time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry for the online measurement of gaseous molecular iodine.

2012

Here we present a new application of a time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (TOF-AMS) for the measurement of atmospheric trace gases in real-time. Usually, TOF-AMS instruments are not sensitive to gas-phase species due to the aerodynamic particle focusing inlet system which reduces the gas phase species by a factor of about 10(7) relative to the particle phase. This efficient removal of the gas phase and the resulting high relative enrichment of particles is one reason for the very high sensitivity of TOF-AMS instruments for particle phase compounds (detection limits in the sub-μg/m(3)-range for online measurements with 1 min integration time), which allows application of the instrument…

Aerosolsalpha-CyclodextrinsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryAnalytical chemistryIodidesMass spectrometryPhaeophytaGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryTrace gasAerosolTime of flightOzonePhase (matter)ParticleAerosol mass spectrometryGasesGas chromatography–mass spectrometryAnalytical chemistry
researchProduct