Search results for " Detectors"

showing 10 items of 2027 documents

Testing for new physics with low-energy anti-neutrino sources: LAMA as a case study

1998

Some electroweak models with extended neutral currents, such as those based on the $E_6$ group, lead to an increase of the $\bar{\nu}-e$ scattering cross section at energies below 100 keV. We propose to search for the heavy Z' boson contribution in an experiment with a high-activity artificial neutrino source and with a large-mass detector. We present the case for the LAMA experiment with a large NaI(Tl) detector located at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. The neutrino flux is known to within a one percent accuracy, in contrast to the reactor case and one can reach lower neutrino energies. Both features make our proposed experiment more sensitive to extended gauge models, such as the …

GAUGE BOSONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsVIOLATIONPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics beyond the Standard ModelFOS: Physical sciencesFluxMASSSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)GAUGE BOSONS; MASS; CONSTRAINTS; SCATTERING; VIOLATION; SEARCHSEARCHSCATTERINGSensitivity (control systems)BosonPhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectroweak interactionDetectorCONSTRAINTSFísicaGauge (firearms)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoNuclear Physics B
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Hadronic calibration of the ATLAS liquid argon end-cap calorimeter in the pseudorapidity region in beam tests

2004

Abstract A full azimuthal φ -wedge of the ATLAS liquid argon end-cap calorimeter has been exposed to beams of electrons, muons and pions in the energy range 6 GeV ⩽ E ⩽ 200 GeV at the CERN SPS. The angular region studied corresponds to the ATLAS impact position around the pseudorapidity interval 1.6 | η | 1.8 . The beam test setup is described. A detailed study of the performance is given as well as the related intercalibration constants obtained. Following the ATLAS hadronic calibration proposal, a first study of the hadron calibration using a weighting ansatz is presented. The results are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo simulations, based on GEANT 3 and GEANT 4 models.

GEANT-3PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsMonte Carlo methodHadron01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCalorimeterNuclear physicsmedicine.anatomical_structureAtlas (anatomy)Pseudorapidity0103 physical sciencesmedicineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsInstrumentationBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Test of the electric charge conservation law with Borexino detector

2015

International audience; The new limit on the electron lifetime is obtained from data of the Borexino experiment. The expected signal from the e → γν decay mode is a 256 keV photon detected in liquid scintillator. Because of the extremely low radioactive background level in the Borexino detector it was possible to improve the previous measurement by two orders of magnitude.

GRAN SASSOelectron --> photon neutrinoHistoryPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsscintillation counter: liquidElectronScintillator01 natural sciencesParticle detectorPhysics::GeophysicsEducationNuclear physicsSCINTILLATORPhysics and Astronomy (all)background: low0103 physical sciencescharge: conservation law[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]ddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsBorexinolifetimePhysicsCharge conservationSTABILITY010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorEXPERIMENTAL LIMITSComputer Science ApplicationsNeutrino detectorelectron: lifetimeBorexinoNeutrinoDECAYJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Equivalent detector models for the simulation of efficiency response of an HPGe detector with PENELOPE code

2019

Monte Carlo simulation of response of an HPGe detector is a widely used technique to evaluate counting efficiencies. It is particularly useful when calibration standards with the same shape and composition of the sample under examination are not available. The result of the simulation depends on the more or less detailed knowledge of the characteristics of the detector, able to define a "model" of the same detector. To highlight parts not well defined in the manufacturer's certification, a detector X-ray analysis is usually performed, except in cases when it is not possible to dismantle the shielding structure with the loss of previous calibration data. In this work, in absence of some data…

Gamma-ray spectrometry Monte Carlo HPGe detectors efficiency modelingSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleari
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Spatial Diagnostics of Hg/Ar and Hg/Xe Discharge Lamps by Means of Tomography

2011

In this work, the diagnostics using tomography in Hg/Xe and Hg/Ar capillary lamps is presented. First, the imaging of the lamps was performed using selected emission lines of mercury, argon and xenon in different operation conditions. Thus the tomographic reconstruction was made, to determine the spatial distribution of the emitting Hg and rare gas atoms. Significant differences of the distribution of the emitting atoms have been found in vertical and horizontal operation positions. The emitting mercury atoms in the state 73S1 were differently distributed within the lamp in the vertical and horizontal lamp positions. The radial profile has demonstrated a substantial depletion of the popula…

Gas-discharge lampArgonTomographic reconstructionPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryGeneral Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Physics and AstronomyMercury (element)law.inventionXenonlawAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsTomographyEmission spectrumAtomic physicsJapanese Journal of Applied Physics
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Novel diamond X-ray detectors with patterned reduced graphene oxide contacts

2015

A novel kind of detector based on polycrystalline grade diamond substrate and Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) contacts is presented. This detector combines some of the good qualities of diamond (i.e. radiation hardness and almost unique combination of electric, thermal and optical properties) with low- Z contacts. This characteristic together with the possibility of patterning the electrodes with standard lithographic techniques, make this detector particularly suitable for X-ray beam monitors where the intensity and the position of the photon beam needs to be measured with minimal effect on the beam itself (i.e. in-line and highly transmissive measurement). The steps needed to realize our nov…

Graphene Reduced Graphene Oxide X-ray detectors
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First narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in advanced detector data

2017

Spinning neutron stars asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis are potential sources of continuous gravitational waves for ground-based interferometric detectors. In the case of known pulsars a fully coherent search, based on matched filtering, which uses the position and rotational parameters obtained from electromagnetic observations, can be carried out. Matched filtering maximizes the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio, but a large sensitivity loss is expected in case of even a very small mismatch between the assumed and the true signal parameters. For this reason, {\it narrow-band} analyses methods have been developed, allowing a fully coherent search for gravitational waves from known …

Gravitational-wave observatoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Astronomy01 natural sciencesrotationneutron starsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologygravitational waves; LIGO; stochastic gravitational-waveLIGOneutron star010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)QCpulsarQBPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Gravitational Waves neutron stars advanced detectors narrow-band searchDetectorAmplitude[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaasymmetryCoherence (physics)young pulsarinterferometerneutron star: spinFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)proper motionadvanced detectorsGravitational wavesPulsar0103 physical sciencesddc:530Gravitational Waves010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational wavegravitational radiation530 PhysikLIGOgravitational radiation detectorComputational physicscoherencedetector: sensitivityNeutron starelectromagneticPhysics and AstronomyGravitational waves; Pulsarnarrow-band searchDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]discovery
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H$^{-}$ extraction systems for CERN’s Linac4 H$^{-}$ ion source

2018

Linac4 is a 160 MeV linear H accelerator at CERN. It is an essential part of the beam luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and will be the primary injector into the chain of circular accelerators. It aims at increasing the beam brightness by a factor of 2, when compared to the currently used 50 MeV linear proton accelerator, Linac2. Linac4’s ion source is a cesiated RF-plasma H ion source. Several beam extraction systems were designed for H beams of 45 keV energy, 50 mA intensity and an electron to H ratio smaller than 5. The goal was to extract a beam with an rms-emittance of mm mrad. One of the main challenges in designing an H extraction system is dumping of the co-extra…

H sourceH extraction systemLEBTIBSimuPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear Theorylinac4Physics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentlinear acceleratorNuclear ExperimentAccelerators and Storage Rings
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Tau neutrinos in the next decade: from GeV to EeV

2022

Tau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the standard model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop.

HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOSMAGNETIC-MOMENTAstrophysics and AstronomyNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRADIO PULSESPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorstau neutrinosFOS: Physical sciencesCHERENKOV LIGHT YIELDGeV530High Energy Physics - Experimenttau neutrino theorySubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)neutrino experimentsSubatomic Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]ddc:530Particle Physics - PhenomenologyAIR-SHOWERSLEPTON FLAVORastro-ph.HEHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)hep-exPhysicshep-phtau neutrinos; neutrino experiments; tau neutrino theorylandscapeCOSMIC-RAYSHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQUANTUM-GRAVITYCHARGED-PARTICLES[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]beam dumpPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLORENTZ VIOLATION[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaParticle Physics - Experiment
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The IceCube realtime alert system

2016

Following the detection of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in 2013, their origin is still unknown. Aiming for the identification of an electromagnetic counterpart of a rapidly fading source, we have implemented a realtime analysis framework for the IceCube neutrino observatory. Several analyses selecting neutrinos of astrophysical origin are now operating in realtime at the detector site in Antarctica and are producing alerts to the community to enable rapid follow-up observations. The goal of these observations is to locate the astrophysical objects responsible for these neutrino signals. This paper highlights the infrastructure in place both at the South Pole detector site and at IceC…

HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOSTELESCOPEAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMulti-messenger astronomy; Neutrino astronomy; Neutrino detectors; Transient sources; Astronomy and AstrophysicspoleFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesIceCubelaw.inventionIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryTelescopeSEARCHESCORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAElawObservatory0103 physical sciencesMulti-messenger astronomysiteNeutrino detectors010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsbackgroundEvent (computing)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsPERFORMANCEsensitivityTransient sourcesobservatoryIdentification (information)electromagneticPhysics and AstronomyNeutrino detectorNeutrino astronomyddc:540High Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoNeutrino astronomyAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOLLOW-UPAstroparticle Physics
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