Search results for " Distance"

showing 10 items of 696 documents

Computational Models That Matter During a Global Pandemic Outbreak

2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a dramatic loss of lives worldwide, challenging the sustainability of our health care systems, threatening economic meltdown, and putting pressure on the mental health of individuals (due to social distancing and lock-down measures). The pandemic is also posing severe challenges to the scientific community, with scholars under pressure to respond to policymakers’ demands for advice despite the absence of adequate, trusted data. Understanding the pandemic requires fine-grained data representing specific local conditions and the social reactions of individuals. While experts have built simulation models to estimate disease trajectories that may be enough to gu…

DYNAMICSComputer and Information SciencesAgent-based modelIMPACT010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesRigourModelling03 medical and health sciencesPolitical scienceHealth carePandemicComputer Science (miscellaneous)Pandemic Disease0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAgent-based modelDatabusiness.industry030503 health policy & servicesSocial distanceSOCIAL-SCIENCESGeneral Social SciencesCOVID-19Social complexityPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and EpidemiologyData- och informationsvetenskapPublic relationsVDP::Social science: 200Transparency (behavior)Call to actionAgent-Based ModelsFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologiPandemic diseasePolicyVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 2000305 other medical sciencebusinessJASSS - The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
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A Novel Self-organizing Neural Technique for Wind Speed Mapping

2009

Systems with high nonlinearities are, in general, very difficult to model. This is particularly true in geostatistics, where the problem of the estimation of a regionalized variable (RV) given only a small amount of measurement stations and a complex terrain surface is very challenging. This paper introduces a novel strategy, which couples the Curvilinear Component Analysis (CCA) and the Generalized Mapping Regressor (GMR). CCA, which is a nonlinear projector of a data manifold, is here used in order to find the intrinsic dimension of the data manifold, just giving an insight on the nonlinearities of the problem. This analysis drives the pre-processing of the data set used for the training …

Data setNonlinear systemDiscontinuity (linguistics)Artificial neural networkComputer scienceInverse distance weightingTerrainIntrinsic dimensionAlgorithmWind speed
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Online Density Estimation of Heterogeneous Data Streams in Higher Dimensions

2016

The joint density of a data stream is suitable for performing data mining tasks without having access to the original data. However, the methods proposed so far only target a small to medium number of variables, since their estimates rely on representing all the interdependencies between the variables of the data. High-dimensional data streams, which are becoming more and more frequent due to increasing numbers of interconnected devices, are, therefore, pushing these methods to their limits. To mitigate these limitations, we present an approach that projects the original data stream into a vector space and uses a set of representatives to provide an estimate. Due to the structure of the est…

Data streamMahalanobis distanceComputer scienceData stream miningbusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyDensity estimationcomputer.software_genreSet (abstract data type)Software020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingData miningbusinesscomputerCurse of dimensionalityVector space
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Convolutional Neural Network With Shape Prior Applied to Cardiac MRI Segmentation.

2019

In this paper, we present a novel convolutional neural network architecture to segment images from a series of short-axis cardiac magnetic resonance slices (CMRI). The proposed model is an extension of the U-net that embeds a cardiac shape prior and involves a loss function tailored to the cardiac anatomy. Since the shape prior is computed offline only once, the execution of our model is not limited by its calculation. Our system takes as input raw magnetic resonance images, requires no manual preprocessing or image cropping and is trained to segment the endocardium and epicardium of the left ventricle, the endocardium of the right ventricle, as well as the center of the left ventricle. Wit…

Databases FactualComputer scienceHealth InformaticsImage processingConvolutional neural network030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth Information ManagementSørensen–Dice coefficientImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansElectrical and Electronic EngineeringArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryMedical image computingCenter (category theory)Pattern recognitionHeartImage segmentationMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science ApplicationsCardiac Imaging TechniquesHausdorff distancecardiovascular systemArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks Computerbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryIEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics
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User-Centred Design with a Remote Approach: Experiences from the Chronic Pain Project

2020

User-centred design involves end-users or user groups during all the parts of the development process. The research project Chronic Pain aims to develop a shared decision making application for patients and physicians, addressing individually adapted pain treatment. The project employs a user-centred design process, and in middle of it, Covid-19 pandemic social distancing restrictions were imposed. This paper presents how the user-centred design process together with a patient organisation was transformed to a digital approach and the experiences from performing a remote co-creation user workshop. The digital approximation had a satisfactory result and the main contribution lies in the shar…

Decision support systemTelemedicineProcess management020205 medical informaticsComputer scienceProcess (engineering)Social distanceChronic pain02 engineering and technologyPain managementmedicine.diseasePeer review0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineDesign processDesign methods
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New lower bounds for the minimum distance of generalized algebraic geometry codes

2013

Abstract In this paper, we give a new lower bound for generalized algebraic geometry codes with which we are able to construct some new linear codes having better parameters compared with the ones known in the literature. Moreover, we give a relationship between a family of generalized algebraic geometry codes and algebraic geometry codes. Finally, we propose a decoding algorithm for such a family.

Discrete mathematicsAlgebraic cycleBlock codeAlgebraic function field generalized algebraic geometry codes minimum distanceAlgebra and Number TheoryDerived algebraic geometryFunction field of an algebraic varietyAlgebraic surfaceReal algebraic geometryDimension of an algebraic varietySettore MAT/03 - GeometriaLinear codeMathematicsJournal of Pure and Applied Algebra
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MMD codes in a more general sense

2002

Summary form only given. The author deals with the characterisation of maximum minimum distance (MMD) codes in a more general sense, which has been completed in a joint work with Olsson. As in the m=1 case the weight distribution of an MMD code /spl Cscr/ is uniquely determined by its parameters [n,k,d]/sub q/.

Discrete mathematicsCombinatoricsCode (set theory)Minimum distanceWeight distributionSense (electronics)Linear codeMathematics1998 Information Theory Workshop (Cat. No.98EX131)
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NP-completeness of the hamming salesman problem

1985

It is shown that the traveling salesman problem, where cities are bit strings with Hamming distances, is NP-complete.

Discrete mathematicsComputer Networks and CommunicationsApplied MathematicsComputer Science::Neural and Evolutionary ComputationHamming distanceComputer Science::Computational ComplexityTravelling salesman problemCombinatoricsHigh Energy Physics::TheoryComputational MathematicsCompleteness (order theory)Computer Science::Data Structures and AlgorithmsNP-completeBottleneck traveling salesman problemHamming codeSoftwareComputer Science::Information TheoryMathematicsBIT
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Toward computability of trace distance discord

2014

It is known that a reliable geometric quantifier of discord-like correlations can be built by employing the so-called trace distance. This is used to measure how far the state under investigation is from the closest "classical-quantum" one. To date, the explicit calculation of this indicator for two qubits was accomplished only for states such that the reduced density matrix of the measured party is maximally mixed, a class that includes Bell-diagonal states. Here, we first reduce the required optimization for a general two-qubit state to the minimization of an explicit two-variable function. Using this framework, we show next that the minimum can be analytically worked out in a number of r…

Discrete mathematicsDYNAMICSBell-diagonal statesquantum statesQuantum Physicse trace distance discordComputabilityPhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesClass (philosophy)Function (mathematics)State (functional analysis)Expression (computer science)Measure (mathematics)X-STATESX-STATES; QUANTUM; ENTANGLEMENT; DYNAMICSQubitquantum information quantum correlationsTrace distanceQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QUANTUMENTANGLEMENTtrace distanceMathematics
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The mixed general routing polyhedron

2003

[EN] In Arc Routing Problems, ARPs, the aim is to find on a graph a minimum cost traversal satisfying some conditions related to the links of the graph. Due to restrictions to traverse some streets in a specified way, most applications of ARPs must be modeled with a mixed graph. Although several exact algorithms have been proposed, no polyhedral investigations have been done for ARPs on a mixed graph. In this paper we deal with the Mixed General Routing Problem which consists of finding a minimum cost traversal of a given link subset and a given vertex subset of a mixed graph. A formulation is given that uses only one variable for each link (edge or arc) of the graph. Some properties of the…

Discrete mathematicsGeneral MathematicsArc RoutingMixed graphFacetsPolyhedral combinatoricsRural Postman Problemlaw.inventionGeneral Routing ProblemCombinatoricsTree traversalMixed Chinese Postman ProblemlawroutingGraph traversalGraph (abstract data type)Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routingMATEMATICA APLICADACircle graphArc routingSoftwareMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSMathematicsPolyhedral graph
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