Search results for " Dose"

showing 10 items of 593 documents

Usefulness of Clopidogrel Loading in Patients Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (from the BRAVO-3 Randomized Trial)

2018

P2Y12-inhibitor initiation with clopidogrel using a loading dose (LD) versus no LD (NLD) provides more rapid inhibition of platelet activation and reduced risk of ischemic events after coronary stenting. Whether a similar beneficial effect is achieved in the setting of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is unknown. We evaluate the effects of preprocedural clopidogrel LD versus no NLD on 48-hour and 30-day clinical outcomes after TAVI. In the BRAVO-3 trial, 802 patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent transfemoral TAVI were randomized to intraprocedural anticoagulation with bivalirudin or unfractionated heparin. Administration of clopidogrel LD was left to the discretio…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factors030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk AssessmentLoading doseTranscatheter Aortic Valve Replacement03 medical and health sciencesPostoperative Complications0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsThromboembolismInternal medicinePreoperative CaremedicineHumansBivalirudinProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicinePlatelet activationMyocardial infarction610 Medicine & healthProspective cohort studyStrokeAged 80 and overDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryIncidenceAortic Valve Stenosismedicine.diseaseClopidogrelClopidogrelEuropeStenosisNorth AmericaPurinergic P2Y Receptor AntagonistsCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugThe American Journal of Cardiology
researchProduct

Short-term exposure to sublethal tebuconazole induces physiological impairment in male zebrafish (Danio rerio).

2010

Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the physiological response of male zebrafish Danio rerio to the fungicide tebuconazole and recovery in fungicide-free water. Acute toxicity tests were carried out and the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) from 24 to 96 h was calculated. The fish were exposed to a sublethal fungicide concentration of 230 μg/L for 7 or 14 days and allowed to recover for 7 or 14 more days, respectively. Whole-body levels of vitellogenins, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, lactate and proteins as well as the activities γ-glutamil transpeptidase (γ-GT), alanin aminotransferase (AlAT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed;…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBiologyLethal Dose 50chemistry.chemical_compoundVitellogeninVitellogeninsFish physiologyInternal medicineLactate dehydrogenasemedicineToxicity Tests AcuteAnimalsZebrafishTebuconazoleBody WeightPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineEnvironmental ExposureRecovery of FunctionTriazolesLipid MetabolismPollutionAcute toxicityEnzymesFungicides IndustrialEndocrinologyGlucosechemistryToxicitybiology.proteinLactatesAlkaline phosphataseVitellogeninsBiomarkersEcotoxicology and environmental safety
researchProduct

Improving pediatric radiation dose management using Agfa digital radiography DICOM header information

2007

Dose reduction in pediatric explorations is especially important because of children radiation sensitivity. According to this, with the aim of saving radiation exposure in future clinical practice, we have developed a technique to control delivered dose in pediatric radiographic exams. To that, a computer science program has been developed to calculate entrance skin dose (ESD) provided by AGFA radiology digital system, using the "lgM" parameter exported from Dicom files. ESD values are compared with dose limits established in regulations to detect if children are being exposed to excessive amounts of radiation during their explorations.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryRadiographyRadiation DosageRadiographic Image EnhancementRadiation exposureDICOMEntrance skin doseChild PreschoolHeaderHumansMedicineDosimetryFemaleDose reductionMedical physicsChildbusinessNuclear medicineSoftwareDigital radiography2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
researchProduct

Nonlinearities in amoxycillin pharmacokinetics. I. Disposition studies in the rat.

1992

Several features of amoxycillin pharmacokinetics in man are not well known in spite of the extensive clinical use of the antibiotic. In this paper it is demonstrated that amoxycillin disposition kinetics in rats is clearly nonlinear, and that this may be due mainly to its elimination mechanisms. At different intravenous bolus dose levels, and in steady-state perfusion studies, the most striking feature is an increased renal clearance as dose increases (from 3.5 to 7.0 mg kg-1 for intravenous bolus, and from 4.6 to 20.0 micrograms min-1 for intravenous perfusions). This phenomenon has been attributed to a saturation of the active renal tubular reabsorption of the antibiotic. When the intrave…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classAntibioticsPharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyModels BiologicalBolus (medicine)PharmacokineticsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsPharmacology (medical)PharmacologyIntravenous dosePlasma clearanceAnalysis of VarianceChemistryAmoxicillinRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicineDispositionRatsEndocrinologyPerfusionTubular secretionBiopharmaceuticsdrug disposition
researchProduct

Is high dose rate brachytherapy reliable and effective treatment for prostate cancer patients? A review of the literature.

2014

The intrinsic physical and radiobiological characteristics of High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (HDR-BT) are well suited to the treatment of prostate cancer. HDR-BT was initially used as a boost to external beam brachytherapy, but has subsequently been employed as the sole treatment, which is termed HDR monotherapy. This review summarizes the clinical outcomes and toxicity results of the principal studies and discusses the radiobiological basis supporting its use.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyProstate cancermedicineEffective treatmentHumansMedical physicsDose FractionationSalvage brachytherapySalvage TherapyProstate cancerbusiness.industryRadiobiologyProstatic NeoplasmsRadiotherapy DosageHDR-BTHematologymedicine.diseaseBrachytherapy boost; HDR-BT; High-dose rate brachytherapy; Prostate cancer; Radiobiology; Salvage brachytherapy; Dose Fractionation; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Salvage Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Brachytherapy; Radiotherapy Dosage; Hematology; Oncology; Geriatrics and GerontologyHigh-Dose Rate BrachytherapyBrachytherapy boostTreatment OutcomeOncologyRadiologyDose Fractionation RadiationGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessHigh-dose rate brachytherapySalvage brachytherapyCritical reviews in oncology/hematology
researchProduct

Assessment of nine candidate DTP-vaccines with reduced amount of antigen and/or without adjuvant as a fourth (booster-) dose in the second year of li…

2006

Abstract Background The incidence of local reactions to diphtheria-, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP-) vaccines in infants and toddlers increases with each subsequent dose, and entire thigh swellings (ETS) have been reported. Lowering the amount of antigen or of adjuvant may decrease the reactogenicity of DTaP while maintaining a protective immune response. Objectives Following priming with three doses of a DTaP vaccine during infancy, the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of nine different candidate DTaP-vaccines with reduced amounts of antigen and/or adjuvant given as fourth (booster) dose were evaluated. Methods Study participants were healthy infants aged 15–27 months at t…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentDose-Response Relationship ImmunologicImmunization SecondaryBooster doseDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis VaccinesAdjuvants ImmunologicDouble-Blind MethodAntigenInternal medicineHumansMedicineAntigens BacterialReactogenicityGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryTetanusImmunogenicityDiphtheriaPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfantmedicine.diseaseVaccinationInfectious DiseasesChild PreschoolImmunologyMolecular MedicineFemalebusinessAdjuvantVaccine
researchProduct

What is the preferred concentration of ethanolamine oleate for sclerotherapy of oral vascular anomalies?

2020

Background This study compared three different concentrations of EO (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) for the treatment of oral vascular anomalies (OVAs). Material and Methods This was a retrospective comparative analysis of patients with OVAs treated with EO. Anomalies smaller than 20 mm were included. The patients were treated with 1.25% (G1), 2.5% (G2), and 5% (G3) and clinical data were obtained. The number of sessions, the final volume and dose of EO were statistically analyzed to verify effectiveness and safety of the treatment. The different concentrations of EO were compared considering the number of sessions, the final volume and total dose of EO. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to eva…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentTreatment outcomeUrologyOleic Acids03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSclerotherapySclerotherapyHumansMedicineEthanolamine OleateGeneral DentistryRetrospective StudiesOral Medicine and Pathologybusiness.industryResearchRetrospective cohort study030206 dentistryMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Sclerosing SolutionsTreatment OutcomeOtorhinolaryngologyTotal doseUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASFemaleSurgerybusiness
researchProduct

Efficacy of switching between tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors in psoriasis: results from the Italian Psocare registry

2014

Background: Some studies have shown that switching patients from one tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alfa inhibitor to another may be beneficial when they have an inadequate response or an adverse event. Objective: We sought to assess the variables predicting the efficacy of the second TNF-alfa inhibitor in patients discontinuing the first TNF-alfa inhibitor. Methods: Data from all 5423 consecutive patients starting TNF-alfa inhibitor therapy for psoriasis between September 2005 and September 2010 who were included in the Italian Psocare registry were analyzed. Results: In 105 patients who switched to a second TNF-alfa inhibitor who had complete follow-up data, 75% improvement in the Psoriasis …

Maleprimary inefficacy75% improvement in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score; PASI; PASI 75; Psoriasis Area Severity Index; TNF; biologics; efficacy; primary inefficacy; psoriasis; secondary loss of efficacy; switching; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Antibodies Monoclonal; Antibodies Monoclonal Humanized; Cohort Studies; Confidence Intervals; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Predictive Value of Tests; Proportional Hazards Models; Psoriasis; Receptors Tumor Necrosis Factor; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young AdultSWITHCESefficacyTNFpsoriasis; psoriasis arthritis; pharmachological treatmentPASI 75Severity of Illness IndexReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorEtanerceptCohort StudiesMonoclonalReceptorsSettore MED/35 - Malattie Cutanee E VenereeRegistriesHumanizedtumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors.switchingHazard ratioAntibodies MonoclonalMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeItalyPredictive value of tests75% improvement in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index scoreFemaleDrugPsoriasis Area Severity IndexbiologicTNF-alphaAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytumor necrosis factorDermatology75% improvement in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score; PASI; PASI 75; Psoriasis Area Severity Index; TNF; biologics; efficacy; primary inefficacy; psoriasis; secondary loss of efficacy; switching; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitorsAntibodies Monoclonal Humanizedsecondary loss of efficacyRisk AssessmentAntibodiestumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitorsDrug Administration ScheduleDose-Response RelationshipYoung AdultSettore MED/35Predictive Value of TestsInternal medicinePsoriasisSeverity of illnessmedicineConfidence IntervalsHumansPsoriasisbiologicsAdverse effectPsoriasis; TNF-alphaProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective Studiespsoriasibiologics; efficacy; primary inefficacy; psoriasis; secondary loss of efficacy; switching; tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors; Adalimumab; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Antibodies Monoclonal; Antibodies Monoclonal Humanized; Cohort Studies; Confidence Intervals; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Etanercept; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Predictive Value of Tests; Proportional Hazards Models; Psoriasis; Receptors Tumor Necrosis Factor; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult; 2708Analysis of Variancepharmachological treatmentDose-Response Relationship DrugProportional hazards modelbusiness.industrytumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitorTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaPASIAdalimumabRetrospective cohort studypsoriasis arthritismedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalInfliximabSurgeryImmunoglobulin GMultivariate AnalysisANTI-TNFAbusiness2708Follow-Up Studies
researchProduct

Opioid switching in patients with advanced cancer followed at home. A retrospective analysis.

2013

Abstract CONTEXT: Opioid switching has been found to improve opioid responsiveness in different conditions. However, data on opioid switching performed at home are almost nonexistent, despite the fact that most patients are followed at home. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective survey was to determine frequency, indications, usefulness, and safety of opioid switching when treating advanced cancer-related pain in patients followed at home. METHODS: A retrospective review of data from patients with advanced cancer followed at home by three home care teams for a period of two years was performed. Patients who had their opioids switched were selected. Reasons for switching opioid doses and…

Maleretrospective studyComorbiditySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicataadvanced cancer patientNeoplasmsRetrospective analysisPrevalenceOpioid switching; advanced cancer patients; retrospective studyCancer painProspective cohort studyNursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous)General NursingAnalgesicsDrug SubstitutionHome Care ServicesAnalgesics OpioidCausalitySurvival RateTreatment OutcomeItalyFemaleDrugmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyAnalgesicPainContext (language use)OpioidDose-Response RelationshipmedicineHumansIn patientIntensive care medicineAgedRetrospective StudiesDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryAdvanced cancerSurvival AnalysisCancer pain; home care; opioid switching; Aged; Analgesics Opioid; Causality; Comorbidity; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Substitution; Female; Home Care Services; Humans; Italy; Male; Neoplasms; Pain; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Survival Analysis; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome; Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Neurology (clinical); Nursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous)Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineOpioidEmergency medicineMorphineOpioid switchingQuality of LifeNeurology (clinical)home carebusinessJournal of pain and symptom management
researchProduct

Equipotent doses to switch from high doses of opioids to transdermal buprenorphine.

2008

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the equianalgesic ratio of transdermal buprenorphine (TD BUP) with oral morphine and TD fentanyl in a sample of consecutive cancer patients receiving stable doses of 120-240 mg of oral morphine or 50-100 microg of TD fentanyl, reporting adequate pain and symptom control. MATERIALS, METHODS, AND RESULTS: Patients receiving daily stable doses of opioids for more than 6 days, with no more than two doses of oral morphine (20 and 40 mg, respectively) as needed, were switched to TD BUP using a fentanyl-BUP ratio of 0.6:0.8 and an oral morphine-BUP ratio of 70:1. Opioid doses, pain and symptom intensity, global satisfaction, and number of breakth…

Maletransdermal buprenorphinePainAdministration CutaneousFentanylNeoplasmsHigh dosesMedicineHumansSymptom controlProspective StudiesOral morphineAgedDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMiddle AgedEquianalgesicBuprenorphineAnalgesics OpioidFentanylOncologyPatient SatisfactionAnesthesiaFemaleTransdermal Buprenorphinehigh doses of opioidsbusinessCancer painmedicine.drugSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer
researchProduct