Search results for " Drug"

Inhibitory effects of okadaic acid on rat uterine contractile responses to different spasmogens

1997

In the present study, we examined the effects of okadaic acid, a selective inhibitor of type I and 2A protein phosphatases, on the mechanical responses evoked by oxytocin, K + - and Na + -modified solutions and ouabain in estrogen-primed rat myometrium. Oxytocin elicited a rapid, phasic contraction followed by rhythmic oscillations. The phasic response was partially resistant to the absence of external Ca 2+ . Okadaic acid (1 μM) and the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine (1 μM) abolished the oscillatory component and reduced the initial, phasic response to about 80% of the control response. High K + (60 mM) solution, ouabain (1 mM), K + -free medium and low Na + (25 mM) solution ind…

Topical therapies for oral lichen planus management and their efficacy: a narrative review.

2012

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition implicating T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and involving oral mucosal surfaces. Several therapeutic regimens have been evaluated to treat OLP and pain related, but often without high level of evidence. Topical formulations are the favourite for the majority of cases; bioadhesive formulations have been considered very useful and practical for local drug delivery in oral mucosa, due to the increased residence time on the oral mucosa of the dosage forms and better therapeutic efficacy. In this narrative review, authors try to illustrate the current topical managements for OLP from the accessible literature on this topic. Steroids are …

Conversion ratios for opioid switching in the treatment of cancer pain: a systematic review

2011

In this paper we describe the results of a systematic search of the literature on conversion ratios during opioid switching. This is part of a project of the European Palliative Care Research Collaboration to update the European Association for Palliative Care recommendations for the use of opioid analgesics in the treatment of cancer pain. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they involved adult patients with chronic cancer pain, contained data on opioid conversion ratios, were prospective and were written in English. Thirty-one studies were identified and included. The majority of the studies had methodological flaws and were not designed to explore or demonstrate equianalgesic dose da…

Photobiomodulation laser therapy in a Lenvatinib-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A case report

2021

Background Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious adverse drug reaction often presenting as a post-surgery complication that may interfere in the quality of the patient's life. In the last decade, additionally to bisphosphonates, other drugs have been associated with MRONJ including other antiresorptive, antiangiogenic or multitarget drugs such as levantinib. The data on MRONJ associated to lenvatinib is scarce with no guidelines for best management option. Our aim is to report a case of MRONJ associated with lenvatinib and the useful of a non-invasive management using local photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with a 635nm diode laser. Material and methods A 61-year-o…

Proton conductance of human transient receptor potential-vanilloid type-1 expressed in oocytes of Xenopus laevis and in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

2004

Transient receptor potential-vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) is a ligand-gated cation channel with preference for divalent cations, especially Ca(2+) (sequence of conductances: Ca(2+)Mg(2+)Na(+) approximately/= K(+) approximately/= Cs(+)). In the present study, the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique was used on oocytes of Xenopus laevis expressing TRPV1 to evaluate whether human TRPV1 also conducts protons. In medium devoid of K(+), Na(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+), capsaicin 1 microM induced a significant inward current (62% of the current in physiological medium). The effects of capsaicin were abolished in the presence of capsazepine 3 microM. The capsaicin-induced currents in medium devoid of Na(+)…

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Technical Advances and Clinical Applications

2010

Since its introduction in 2004, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) has emerged as a valuable tool for gastrointestinal endoscopic imaging. Endomicroscopy enables the endoscopist to obtain real time in vivo histology during ongoing endoscopy thereby creating “optical biopsies.” To date, numerous studies have shown potential applications of endomicroscopy in the clinical setting, including in vivo diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Barrett’s esophagus, celiac disease, and colonic polyps. Moreover, recent data suggest the potential application of endomicroscopy in the field of molecular imaging. Additionally, in recent months new applications and developments in the field of con…

The concentration of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) for routine patch testing in a standard series needs to be redefined

2005

Natalizumab therapy of multiple sclerosis: recommendations of the Multiple Sclerosis Study Group-Italian Neurological Society

2011

Three years after the introduction of natalizumab (NA) therapy for the second line treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), Italian MS centers critically reviewed the scientific literature and their own clinical experience. Natalizumab was shown to be highly efficacious in the treatment of MS. However, the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was confirmed and defined better. This article summarizes the MS-SIN Study Group recommendations on the use of NA in MS, with particular reference to the appropriate selection and monitoring of patients as well as to the management of adverse events.

Utility of Intravascular Ultrasound in Percutaneous Revascularization of Chronic Total Occlusions

2016

Intravascular ultrasound has been used for >20 years to guide percutaneous coronary intervention in different subsets of coronary lesions. During the last decade, the interest in percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion (CTO) has increased dramatically, leading to high success rates. Failure of guidewire crossing is the most common reason for failed CTO attempts. Certain angiographic features, such as blunt proximal CTO cap, tortuosity, heavy calcification, and lack of visibility of path in the distal vessel, increase procedural difficulty. A better understanding of the behavior of the guidewire within the CTO segment may represent a key issue to achieve successful …

Antipsychotic drugs antagonize human serotonin type 3 receptor currents in a noncompetitive manner

2004

The serotonin type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptor is the only ligand-gated ion channel receptor for serotonin (5-HT). 5-HT(3) receptors play an important role in modulating the inhibitory action of dopamine in mesocorticolimbic brain regions. Neuroleptic drugs are commonly thought to exert their psychopharmacological action mainly through dopamine and serotonin type 2 (5-HT(2)) receptors. Except for clozapine, a direct pharmacological interaction of neuroleptics with 5-HT(3) receptors has not yet been described. Using the concentration-clamp technique, we investigated the effects of flupentixol, various phenothiazines, haloperidol, clozapine and risperidone on Na(+)-inward currents through 5-HT(3) re…