Search results for " Drug"
showing 10 items of 3138 documents
Public Opinion on Psychotropic Drugs: An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Acceptance or Rejection
1997
Widespread negative attitudes and irrational beliefs about psychotropic drugs held by the public affect patients' treatment compliance. This study was an attempt to identify factors influencing people's acceptance or rejection of psychotropic drugs. An opinion poll was taken by a representative group of 2,176 adults in Germany. In addition to their attitudes toward psychotropic and cardiac drugs and their ratings of perceived risks and benefits, they were also asked about their drug knowledge, their fear of losing self-control, and their fundamental political values. Our results show that even for the treatment of severe mental disease, psychotropic drugs generally are not well accepted com…
Clinical evaluation of drug-induced hepatitis
2005
Objective: to ascertain the epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms, and evolution of drug-induced hepatitis over the last 22 years. Experimental design and subjects: an observational, retrospective study between 1982 and 1993, and prospective study between 1994 and 2003. All patients in our department diagnosed with having drug-induced hepatitis were studied analyzing epidemiological (age, sex, cases per year, hospitalization) and clinical features (previous liver disease, hepatic symptoms, laboratory results), and follow-up (complete recovery or chronicity). Results: a total of 61 patients were diagnosed as having drug-induced hepatitis, 26 men and 35 women (57%), mean age 52.4…
Efficacy and tolerability of lasmiditan, an oral 5-HT1F receptor agonist, for the acute treatment of migraine : a phase 2 randomised, placebo-control…
2012
Lasmiditan (COL-144) is a novel, centrally acting, highly selective 5-HT(1F) receptor agonist without vasoconstrictor activity that seemed effective when given as an intravenous infusion in a proof-of-concept migraine study. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of oral lasmiditan for the acute treatment of migraine.In this multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, dose-ranging study in 43 headache centres in five European countries, patients with migraine with and without aura and who were not using prophylaxis were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to treat one moderate or severe attack at home with 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, or 400 mg lasmiditan, or placebo. Study drug and placebo were sup…
A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to establish a safe gluten threshold for patients with celiac disease
2007
BACKGROUND: Treatment of celiac disease (CD) is based on the avoidance of gluten-containing food. However, it is not known whether trace amounts of gluten are harmful to treated patients. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to establish the safety threshold of prolonged exposure to trace amounts of gluten (ie, contaminating gluten). DESIGN: This was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial in 49 adults with biopsy-proven CD who were being treated with a gluten-free diet (GFD) for > or =2 y. The background daily gluten intake was maintained at < 5 mg. After a baseline evaluation (t0), patients were assigned to ingest daily for 90 d a capsule containing 0, 10, or 50 mg glute…
A randomized, double-blind comparison of a rapidly escalating dose of venlafaxine and imipramine in inpatients with major depression and melancholia.
1996
A double-blind, randomized, parallel study in 167 hospitalized patients with major depression and melancholia was conducted to determine if rapidly escalated doses of venlafaxine produced an earlier response, compared with rapidly escalated doses of imipramine. The daily dose of venlafaxine was rapidly increased to 375 mg/day over a five-day period, was maintained at this level for 10 days, and then was reduced to 150 mg/day for the remainder of the study. The imipramine dose was rapidly increased to 200 mg/day over five days and was maintained at this level to the end of the study. The primary efficacy variables were time to response and time to sustained response on the HAM-D and MADRS. N…
Luspatercept for the treatment of anaemia in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (PACE-MDS): a multicentre, open-label phase 2 dose-fi…
2017
Myelodysplastic syndromes are characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis. Luspatercept (ACE-536) is a novel fusion protein that blocks transforming growth factor beta (TGF β) superfamily inhibitors of erythropoiesis, giving rise to a promising new investigative therapy. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of luspatercept in patients with anaemia due to lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.In this phase 2, multicentre, open-label, dose-finding study (PACE-MDS), with long-term extension, eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, had International Prognostic Scoring System-defined low or intermediate 1 risk myelodysplastic syndromes or non-proliferative chronic myelomonocytic leuk…
Safety of Long-Term Oral Posaconazole Use in the Treatment of Refractory Invasive Fungal Infections
2005
Background Invasive fungal infections are found most frequently in immunosuppressed and critically ill hospitalized patients. Antifungal therapy is often required for long periods. Safety data from the clinical development program of the triazole antifungal agent, posaconazole, were analyzed. Methods A total of 428 patients with refractory invasive fungal infections (n = 362) or febrile neutropenia (n = 66) received posaconazole in 2 phase II/III open-label clinical trials. Also, 109 of these patients received posaconazole therapy for > or = 6 months. Incidences of treatment-emergent, treatment-related, and serious adverse events and abnormal laboratory parameters were recorded during these…
Catecholamine release in human skin--a microdialysis study.
2003
Dermal microdialysis might be a promising tool to investigate properties of sympathetic neurons in the skin as investigation of peripheral noradrenergic neurons in humans usually relies on highly variable vasoconstrictor reflexes or on indirect measurements like skin temperature recordings. To evaluate this technique, 21 experiments were performed in 15 healthy subjects with four intracutaneous microdialysis fibers (diameter, 200 microm; cutoff, 5 kDa) at hands or feet. After 60 min, saline perfusion tyramine at concentrations of 0.195 to 200 microg/ml was applied for 15 min followed by a 15-min saline perfusion again. Catecholamine concentrations were detected through high-performance liqu…
Desmopressin in the Treatment of Nocturia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
2007
Objectives: To investigate efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of sleep of desmopressin in the treatment of nocturia. Methods: Adults aged >= 18 yr with nocturia (>= 2 voids/night) received desmopressin tablets (0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg) during a 3-wk dose-titration period. Patients should show sufficient response during the dose-titration period (>= 20% reduction in nocturnal diuresis) and a return of nocturnal diuresis to >= 80% of baseline levels during washout. Eligible patients then entered a 3-wk double-blind treatment period and received either desmopressin or placebo. Results: 127 patients were randomised to either desmopressin (n = 61) or placebo (n = 66). Twenty (33%) desmopressin-…
Topical Antibiotic, Antifungal, and Antiseptic Solutions Decrease Ciliary Activity in Nasal Respiratory Cells
2002
This study was designed to investigate whether topical solutions, as they are used in the treatment of selected cases of rhinosinusitis, influence nasal mucociliary clearance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the following topical solutions on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of nasal respiratory cells: ofloxacin as an antibiotic; Betadine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as antiseptic; and amphotericin B, itraconazole, and clotrimazole as antifungal solutions. Differences are described between effects of each of these substances and we clarify whether ciliotoxic effects are dose dependent and if they can be reduced or eliminated by diluting the concentration of the a…