Search results for " Dual"

showing 10 items of 154 documents

Exact and Approximate Algorithms for Two–Criteria Topological Design Problem of WAN with Budget and Delay Constraints

2004

This paper studies the problem of designing wide area networks (WAN). In the paper the two-criteria topology assignment problem with two constraints is considered. The goal is select flow routes, channel capacities and network topology in order to minimize the total average delay per packet and the leasing cost of channels subject to the budget constraint and delay constraint. The problem is NP-complete. Then, the branch and bound method is used to construct the exact algorithm. Also the approximate algorithm is presented. Some computational results are reported. Based on computational experiments, several properties of the considered problem are formulated.

Constraint (information theory)Mathematical optimizationExact algorithmConstraint satisfaction dual problemTopology (electrical circuits)TopologyNetwork topologyAssignment problemAlgorithmBudget constraintMathematicsCommunication channel
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Convex Duality in Stochastic Optimization and Mathematical Finance

2011

This paper proposes a general duality framework for the problem of minimizing a convex integral functional over a space of stochastic processes adapted to a given filtration. The framework unifies many well-known duality frameworks from operations research and mathematical finance. The unification allows the extension of some useful techniques from these two fields to a much wider class of problems. In particular, combining certain finite-dimensional techniques from convex analysis with measure theoretic techniques from mathematical finance, we are able to close the duality gap in some situations where traditional topological arguments fail.

Convex analysisMathematical optimizationDuality gapGeneral MathematicsConvex optimizationProper convex functionDuality (optimization)Strong dualityWolfe dualityPerturbation functionManagement Science and Operations ResearchComputer Science ApplicationsMathematicsMathematics of Operations Research
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Nodes of entangledN-particle wave functions

2006

In a recent paper [Bressanini et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 110201 (2005)] it was pointed out that ``the nodes of even simple wave functions are largely unexplored.'' Here we show that for $N$-particle wave functions nodal surfaces arise from the spin and orbital entanglement of constituent two-particle wave functions and derive, for two-electron atoms, 11 exact nodal rules applicable in $LS$ coupling. In addition, the ``higher symmetry'' identified numerically in the above paper is shown to be an approximate dynamical symmetry described by a molecular model or a classical unstable periodic orbit. We show that the analysis is readily extended to four-particle wave functions and consider the c…

CouplingPhysicsClassical mechanicsWave–particle dualityQuantum mechanicsElectronQuantum entanglementSpace (mathematics)Wave functionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Spin-½Physical Review A
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Darcy–Forchheimer Magnetized Nanofluid flow along with Heating and Dissipation Effects over a Shrinking Exponential Sheet with Stability Analysis

2022

Nanoparticles have presented various hurdles to the scientific community during the past decade. The nanoparticles dispersed in diverse base fluids can alter the properties of fluid flow and heat transmission. In the current examination, a mathematical model for the 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Darcy–Forchheimer nanofluid flow across an exponentially contracting sheet is presented. In this mathematical model, the effects of viscous dissipation, joule heating, first-order velocity, and thermal slip conditions are also examined. Using similarity transformations, a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The problem is …

Darcy–Forchheimer; nanofluid; viscous dissipation; joule heating; duality; stabilityControl and Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMicromachines
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Exergy analysis and thermoeconomic cost accounting of a CHP steam cycle integrated with MED-TVC desalination

2016

In this paper exergy analysis and thermoeconomic cost accounting of a CHP steam cycle integrated with MED-TVC plant is performed; the purpose is to show how this methodology provides a rational criterion to allocate production costs on electricity and freshwater. After a brief overview on methodology and a description of reference plant, exergy analysis is carried out in order to calculate exergy flows and plant exergetic performance. A detailed description of the adopted thermoeconomic model is given. Cost accounting is performed considering two scenarios: in the first, the concentrated brine is disposed back to sea, thus being its exergy content definitively wasted; in the second, convers…

Desalination multiple effect evaporation thermal vapour compression dual purpose plant exergy thermoeconomic cost cost accounting reverse electrodialysisSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale
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From the Golgi-Cajal mapping to the transmitter-based characterization of the neuronal networks leading to two modes of brain communication: Wiring a…

2007

After Golgi-Cajal mapped neural circuits, the discovery and mapping of the central monoamine neurons opened up for a new understanding of interneuronal communication by indicating that another form of communication exists. For instance, it was found that dopamine may be released as a prolactin inhibitory factor from the median eminence, indicating an alternative mode of dopamine communication in the brain. Subsequently, the analysis of the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons demonstrated a novel type of lower brainstem neuron that monosynaptically and globally innervated the entire CNS. Furthermore, the ascending raphe serotonin neuron systems were found to globally innervate the forebrai…

DopamineTortuosityBrain functionWiring transmissionSynaptic TransmissionDiffusionDual probe microdialysisMicrofluorimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundCatecholaminesPressure gradientsVolume transmissionHistofluorescenceLocus coeruleusExtracellular spaceNeurological and mental disordersNeurotransmitterNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsGeneral NeuroscienceBrain5-HydroxytryptamineAmygdalamedicine.anatomical_structure5-Hydroxytryptamine; Amygdala; Brain function; Brain uncoupling protein-2; Catecholamines; CA turnover; Clearance; Diffusion; Dopamine; Dorsal raphe; Dual probe microdialysis; Extracellular space; Extrasynaptic receptors; Histofluorescence; Local circuits; Locus coeruleus; Mapping of monoamine neurons; Microdensitometry; Microfluorimetry; Neurological and mental disorders; Noradrenaline; Nucleus accumbens; Pressure gradients; Receptor mosaics; Receptor–receptor interactions; Substantia nigra; Thermal gradients; Tortuosity; Transmitter–receptor mismatches; Volume fraction; Volume transmission; Wiring transmissionClearanceNucleus accumbensCA turnoverLocal circuitsReceptor–receptor interactionsSilver StainingMapping of monoamine neuronsModels NeurologicalNeurotransmissionBiologySerotonergicSubstantia nigramedicineBiological neural networkAnimalsHumansThermal gradientsTransmitter–receptor mismatchesVolume fractionExtrasynaptic receptorsMonoamine neurotransmitterchemistryReceptor mosaicsForebrainNoradrenalineLocus coeruleusBrain uncoupling protein-2Neurology (clinical)NeuronNerve NetMicrodensitometry5-Hydroxytryptamine Amygdala Brain function Brain uncoupling protein-2 Catecholamines CA turnover Clearance DiffusionNeuroscienceDorsal raphe
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Chemical and biological evaluation of cross-linked halloysite-curcumin derivatives

2020

Abstract Well designed and safe nano drug carrier systems are an important tool in biomedical applications. The combination of two or more drugs has been used in medicine both to enhance the therapeutic effect and to decrease the side effects of drugs. Biocompatible halloysite nanotubes, that possess two different surfaces, are a suitable nanomaterial for a simultaneous carrier and release of two drugs that can exert a synergistic effect against cancer cells. In this study, three curcumin derivatives and doxorubicin were loaded by supramolecular and covalent linkage at the lumen and external surface of the halloysite nanotubes. The obtained multifunctional systems were characterized by seve…

Drugmedia_common.quotation_subjectNanoparticle020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialHalloysite0201 civil engineeringchemistry.chemical_compoundGeochemistry and PetrologymedicineDoxorubicinCytotoxicitymedia_commonSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaHalloysite nanotubes Curcumin derivatives Dual drug delivery Antiproliferative activity Breast cancer cell lines and acute myeloid leukemia cell linesChemistryGeologySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good healthCancer cellBiophysicsengineeringCurcuminSettore BIO/14 - Farmacologia0210 nano-technologyDrug carriermedicine.drug
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Reassessing segmentation in the Labour Market: an application for Italy 1995-2004.

2011

The aim of this paper is to test for the presence of dualism in a standard wage regression. The disparity in wages between primary and secondary workers, according to labour market segmentation theory, is not provided by worker characteristics, but rather by job characteristics. A standard way to assess this situation is by looking at the estimated coefficients in a standard regression for comparable workers across different labour market segments. In an attempt to avoid arbitrary modelling choices, we deploy mixture regression methods which allow for endogenous determination of the number of existing labour market segments. Using Italian data, our modelling strategy outlines stark differen…

Economics and EconometricsLabour economicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectWageHuman capitalRegressionTest (assessment)Market segmentationHomogeneousDualismEconomicsHuman capital dual labour markets mixture regressionsSegmentationSettore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politicamedia_common
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Différences de genre et formes de dépendances des conjoints biactifs dans l'accompagnement des enfants

2011

International audience; L'approche des différences de genre dans la mobilité a été renouvelée à partir des années 2000 par l'attention portée aux formes d'interdépendance entre conjoints pour leurs déplacements quotidiens. Dans ce travail mobilisant l'enquête ménages-déplacements d'Île-de-France, nous en avons relevé deux types à partir de l'analyse de l'accompagnement des enfants des conjoints de couples de biactifs. D'une part, il y a un effet d'entraînement. Lorsqu'un conjoint fait de l'accompagnement, l'autre a une probabilité plus forte d'en faire également. D'autre part, les conjoints se distribuent entre eux l'accompagnement avant travail et après travail. Toutefois, l'interdépendanc…

Economics and Econometrics[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography05 social sciencesGeography Planning and DevelopmentDEPLACEMENT URBAIN0211 other engineering and technologies0507 social and economic geography021107 urban & regional planning02 engineering and technology[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography16. Peace & justice[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography050703 geographychauffeuring trips dual-earner families gender differences mobility
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A Study on the Use of Combustion Phase Indicators for MBT Spark Timing on a Bi-Fuel Engine

2007

The performance of a spark ignition engine strongly depends on the phase of the combustion process with respect to piston motion, and hence on the spark advance; this fundamental parameter is actually controlled in open-loop by means of maps drawn up on the test bench and stored in the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). Bi-fuel engines (e.g. running either on gasoline or on natural gas) require a double mapping process in order to obtain a spark timing map for each of the fuels. This map based open-loop control however does not assure to run the engine always with the best spark timing, which can be influenced by many factors, like ambient condition of pressure, temperature and humidity, fuel p…

Electronic control unitTest benchCombustionAutomotive engineeringElectronic control units Compressed natural gas Gasoline Dual fuel engines Spark ignition engineslaw.inventionPistonSettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidolawSpark-ignition engineSpark (mathematics)Fuel efficiencyEnvironmental scienceGasolineSAE Technical Paper Series
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